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David Hume (1711 – 1776) foi um filósofo, historiador e ensaísta escocês que se tornou conhecido pelo seu empirismo radical e ceticismo filosófico. Nos Diálogos, personagens de Hume debatem uma série de argumentos para a existência de Deus e os argumentos cujos proponentes acreditam que através do qual poderemos vir a conhecer a natureza de Deus. Neste volume constam cartas desses dois períodos de revisão textual (i.e., 1751-63 e 1776) onde Hume aluda aos Diálogos ou a discussões teológicas.
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Contra la opinión de parte de la crítica, que ve en los escritos religiosos de DAVID HUME (1711-1776) mera curiosidad culturalista, o incluso irreverencia e ironía, el interés del pensador escocés por que sus Diálogos sobre la religión natural se vieran publicados aun después de su muerte desmiente que diera poca importancia a este tema. Si bien la actitud de Hume hacia la experiencia religiosa pudo ser escéptica, la indudable presencia en esta obra -como apunta en su prólogo Carlos Mellizo- de todos aquellos temas básicos presentes en todo sistema de ideas o creencias religiosas hacen de ella no sólo una indagación sobre la religión, sino también, en su dimensión estrictamente filosófica, uno de los pilares fundamentales del pensamiento moderno en torno al tema del teísmo especulativo
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The new and rapidly growing field of communication sciences owes as much to Norbert Wiener as to any one man. He coined the word for it--cybernetics. In God & Golem, Inc. , the author concerned himself with major points in cybernetics which are relevant to religious issues.The first point he considers is that of the machine which learns. While learning is a property almost exclusively ascribed to the self-conscious living system, a computer now exists which not only can be programmed to play a game of checkers, but one which can "learn" from its past experience and improve on its own game. For a time, the machine was able to beat its inventor at checkers. "It did win," writes the author, "and it did learn to win; and the method of its learning was no different in principle from that of the human being who learns to play checkers. A second point concerns machines which have the capacity to reproduce themselves. It is our commonly held belief that God made man in his own image. The propagation of the race may also be interpreted as a function in which one living being makes another in its own image. But the author demonstrates that man has made machines which are "very well able to make other machines in their own image," and these machine images are not merely pictorial representations but operative images. Can we then say: God is to Golem as man is to Machines? in Jewish legend, golem is an embryo Adam, shapeless and not fully created, hence a monster, an automation.The third point considered is that of the relation between man and machine. The concern here is ethical. "render unto man the things which are man's and unto the computer the things which are the computer's," warns the author. In this section of the book, Dr. Wiener considers systems involving elements of man and machine. The book is written for the intellectually alert public and does not involve any highly technical knowledge. It is based on lectures given at Yale, at the Société Philosophique de Royaumont, and elsewhere.
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Natural theology --- Christian spirituality --- spiritualiteit --- #A9803A --- Atheism --- Spirituality --- Free thought
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Natural theology --- Comparative religion --- #GGSB: Godsgeloof --- 081 Godsdienst --- Godsbestaan --- godsdienstfilosofie --- filosofie --- Godsgeloof
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"This book provides a reading of Newton's argument for universal gravity that is focused on the evidence-based, "experimental" reasoning that Newton associates with his program of experimental philosophy. It highlights the richness and complexity of the Principia and also draws important lessons about how to situate Newton in his natural philosophical context. The book has two primary objectives. First, it defends a novel interpretation of the third of Newton's four Rules for the Study of Natural Philosophy-what the author terms the Two-Set Reading of Rule 3. Second, it argues that this novel interpretation of Rule 3 sheds additional light on the differences between Newton's experimental philosophy and Descartes's "hypothetical philosophy," and that it also illuminates how the practice of experimental philosophy allowed Newton to make a universal force of gravity the centerpiece of his explanation of the system of the world. Newton's Third Rule and the Experimental Argument for Universal Gravity will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on Newton's natural philosophy, early modern philosophy, and the history of science"-- Provided by publisher.
Philosophy of nature. --- Philosophy of nature --- History. --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology --- Philosophy
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Philosophy of nature. --- Place (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology
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Philosophy of nature --- Natural theology --- 070 Psychologie --- spiritualiteit --- Spiritual life --- Awareness --- Life, Spiritual --- Religious life --- Spirituality --- Religious aspects
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Filosofie --- Natuurlijke godsleer --- Geschiedenis --- Atheism --- 211 --- #GGSB: Atheisme --- #GGSB: Filosofie --- #gsdbf --- #A9511A --- History --- God. Opperwezen. Oneindige: deïsme; theïsme; atheïsme --- Philosophy --- Natural theology --- History. --- Atheisme
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Nature and Necessity: An Essay in Physical Ontology presents genuinely new solutions to some salient problems in metaphysics. Fisk provides a new argument, based on the notion of conditional probability, for the claim that induction presupposes necessary connections. After devising an ontology of physical individuals to provide an objective basis for necessary connections, he uses this ontology to solve problems about relations, action, time, capacities, and events.
Philosophy of nature. --- Ontology. --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Causation --- Chance --- Fate and fatalism --- Ontology --- Teleology --- Truth --- Being --- Philosophy --- Metaphysics --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology
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