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Business logistics --- Knowledge management --- Materials handling --- Business logistics. --- Knowledge management. --- Materials handling. --- Handling of materials --- Material handling --- Materials --- Mechanical handling --- Management of knowledge assets --- Supply chain management --- Handling and transportation --- logistics --- business management --- supply chain management --- optimization --- marketing --- Management --- Information technology --- Intellectual capital --- Organizational learning --- Plant engineering --- Plant layout --- Production engineering --- Shipment of goods --- Industrial management --- Logistics --- Distribution strategy

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The purpose of this Special Issue is to investigate topics related to sustainability issues in the new era, especially in Industry 4.0 or other new manufacturing environments. Under Industry 4.0, there have been great changes with respect to production processes, production planning and control, quality assurance, internal control, cost determination, and other management issues. Moreover, it is expected that Industry 4.0 can create positive sustainability impacts along the whole value chain. There are three pillars of sustainability, including environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability. This Special Issue collects 15 sustainability-related papers from various industries that use various methods or models, such as mathematical programming, activity-based costing (ABC), material flow cost accounting, fuel consumption model, artificial intelligence (AI)-based fusion model, multi-attribute decision model (MADM), and so on. These papers are related to carbon emissions, carbon tax, Industry 4.0, economic sustainability, corporate social responsibility (CSR), etc. The research objects come from China, Taiwan, Thailand, Oman, Cyprus, Germany, Austria, and Portugal. Although the research presented in this Special Issue is not exhaustive, this Special Issue provides abundant, significant research related to environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Nevertheless, there still are many research topics that require our attention to solve problems of sustainability.

carbon reduction --- PID controller --- n/a --- time study --- VIKOR --- life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) --- Activity-Based Costing (ABC) --- LS-ARIMAXi-ECM model --- DANP (DEMATEL based ANP) --- multi-attribute decision model (MADM) --- artificial intelligence --- white noise --- OECD --- integrated mathematical programming --- Activity-Based Standard Costing (ABSC) --- qualitative-empirical study --- energy efficiency --- multi-attribute value theory (MAVT) --- e-commerce platform --- decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) --- colored noise --- carbon tax policy --- material flow cost accounting --- Manufacturing Execution System (MES) --- cap & trade --- manufacturing sustainability --- sustainability --- OEE --- mathematical programming --- aluminum-alloy wheel industry --- sustainable development --- return policy --- small and medium enterprises --- decision making --- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) --- tire industry --- footwear industry --- carbon tax --- electrical appliances --- niche inheritance --- carbon emission --- social sustainability --- material handling systems --- small and medium-sized enterprises --- product-mix decision --- internal control --- economic growth --- active suspension --- Industry 4.0 --- corporate social responsibility --- greenhouse gas --- carbon emissions --- succession plan --- digital transformation --- corporate social responsibility (CSR) --- fuel consumption --- agent-based control architecture --- sustainability performance --- activity-based costing (ABC) --- corporate characteristics --- firm value --- industry 4.0 --- digital platforms --- ISO14051 --- theory of constraints (TOC) --- long- and short-term --- NSGAII --- CO2 emissions --- family capital --- green production --- industrial internet of things --- multi-objective optimization --- family business --- exogenous variables

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In recent years, the industrial environment has been changing radically due to the introduction of concepts and technologies based on the fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0. After the introduction of Industry 4.0 in large enterprises, SMEs have moved into the focus, as they are the backbone of many economies. Small organizations are increasingly proactive in improving their operational processes, which is a good starting point for introducing the new concepts of Industry 4.0. The readiness of SME-adapted Industry 4.0 concepts and the organizational capability of SMEs to meet this challenge exist only in some areas. This reveals the need for further research and action plans for preparing SMEs in a technical and organizational direction. Therefore, special research and investigations are needed for the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies and concepts in SMEs. SMEs will only achieve Industry 4.0 by following SME-customized implementation strategies and approaches and realizing SME-adapted concepts and technological solutions. Thus, this Special Issue represents a collection of theoretical models as well as practical case studies related to the introduction of Industry 4.0 concepts in small- and medium-sized enterprises.

latent semantic analysis --- virtual quality management --- concept investigation --- concept disambiguation --- knowledge discovery --- sustainable methodologies --- small and medium sized enterprises --- material handling systems --- simulation --- ARENA®, time study --- overall equipment effectiveness --- manufacturing performance --- Industry 4.0 --- manufacturing sustainability --- manufacturing process model --- business process management --- hierarchical clustering --- similarity --- BPMN --- human factors --- cyber-physical systems --- cyber-physical production systems --- anthropocentric design --- Operator 4.0 --- human–machine interaction --- energy efficient operation --- manufacturing system --- stochastic event --- digital twin --- Max-plus Algebra --- MATLAB-Simulink --- advanced manufacturing --- industry 4.0 --- SME --- technology adoption model --- assembly supply chain --- sustainability --- complexity indicators --- testing criteria --- SMEs --- e-business modelling --- LSP Lifecycle Model --- Quality Function Deployment --- Best-Worst Method --- Internet of Things --- India --- awareness --- small and medium-sized enterprises --- assessment model --- collaborative robotics --- physical ergonomics --- human-robot collaboration --- human-centered design --- assembly --- small and medium sized enterprise --- positive complexity --- negative complexity --- infeasible configurations --- product platform --- customer’s perception --- assessment --- field study --- smart manufacturing --- cloud platform --- artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- deep learning --- smart logistics --- logistics 4.0 --- smart technologies --- sustainable agriculture --- plant factory