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"La situation économique de Madagascar est singulière à plus d'un titre. D'une part, le niveau de vie des Malgaches ne cesse de régresser depuis l'indépendance en 1960, un cas unique pour un pays qui n'a pas connu de conflits majeurs ; d'autre part, à chaque fois que le pays s'est engagé sur la voie de la croissance, celle-ci a été brutalement interrompue par une crise socio-politique mettant à bas les espoirs suscités. Pour éclairer ce contexte spécifique, les auteurs décryptent l'"énigme" et le "paradoxe" malgaches en procédant à une lecture d'économie politique dans le temps long et en s'appuyant sur des données statistiques de première main. La trajectoire du pays est analysée à l'aune des théories du développement. L'identification des rentes et des stratégies d'acteurs, le rôle de la violence, le fonctionnement des institutions, la sociologie des élites malgaches ainsi que le rapport entre les citoyens et le pouvoir sont également parmi les grands thèmes traités. En dépit de sa spécificité, Madagascar apparaît à la lumière de cette analyse comme emblématique d'une situation commune à de nombreux pays du Nord comme du Sud. La fragilité des coalitions entre élites y nourrit une instabilité systémique d'autant plus grande qu'elle vient se greffer sur un mécontentement populaire récurrent. En effet, même dans les rares périodes fastes, les aspirations au progrès des Malgaches se sont toujours heurtées aux dures réalités du quotidien. Un ouvrage à la fois documenté et accessible, pour mieux comprendre Madagascar et appréhender les différentes dimensions du développement au Sud."--Page 4 of cover.
Économie politique --- Madagascar --- Economic conditions --- Politics and government --- Social conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economics --- Political Science Public Admin. & Development --- théorie du développement --- théorie économique --- économie politique --- croissance économique --- politique économique --- structure sociale --- rapports sociaux --- anthropologie politique --- crise politique --- crise sociale --- gouvernance
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L’engagement pris par 147 chefs d’État d’accorder un « soutien indéfectible » à la réalisation des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement (OMD) a eu un impact fort sur la structuration de l’aide, sur la définition des politiques promues et sur leur mise en œuvre par les gouvernements des pays du Sud depuis dix ans. Mais quel en a été l’impact sur le développement des pays concernés et quelle distance reste-t-il à parcourir pour que les OMD soient atteints à l’échéance de 2015 ? Cet ouvrage propose un bilan à mi-parcours de l’état de réalisation des cinq premiers objectifs pour Madagascar. Outre un diagnostic chiffré des évolutions récentes observées en matière de pauvreté, de scolarisation, de santé ou encore d’égalité des sexes, il présence les résultats de recherches originales sur des thématiques aussi diverses que la demande d’éducation, les discriminations, la fécondité, l’occupation spatiale du territoire… Au travers d’analyses minutieuses d’économistes, de démographes, d’agronomes et de géographes, les facteurs de blocage susceptibles de freiner la marche de Madagascar vers la réalisation des OMD sont mis en lumière. Il est aujourd’hui certain que les OMD ne pourront pas être atteints en 2012, en partie du fait de la crise politique qui sévit à Madagascar depuis le début de l’année 2009. Mais en adoptant une perspective de long terme, ce livre apporte des éléments concerts, utiles pour la mise en place de politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté et la conduite d’actions de développement, dont il faudra tenir compte une fois la crise résolue.
Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Millennium Development Goals --- Madagascar. --- Madagascar --- Economic development. --- MDGs --- Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement --- OMD (Program) --- United Nations Development Programme. --- Sustainable Development Goals --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Madagascar - Economic development --- croissance économique --- pauvreté --- développement --- niveau de vie --- relation de genre --- mortalité --- système éducatif --- politique de développement --- alimentation humaine --- scolarisation
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Developing and boosting the private sector, in the area of industry, trade, and private sector, actions for securing investment, promoting investment, developing partnerships in Madagascar produced positive results. The investment rate is 12.37 percent out of an objective of 14 percent. The achievements in the rehabilitation of rural roads have improved compared with those of 2004, but the objectives for the year have not been achieved (65 percent). In posts and telecommunication, for the postal service, the number of savings “Tsinjolavitra” recorded a net improvement compared with those of the previous year.
Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Macroeconomics --- Environmental Economics --- Demography --- Education: General --- Health: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Environmental Economics: General --- Education --- Health economics --- Labour --- income economics --- Population & demography --- Environmental economics --- Health --- Labor --- Population and demographics --- Environment --- Labor economics --- Population --- Environmental sciences --- Madagascar, Republic of --- Income economics
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The Joint Staff Advisory Note on the Republic of Madagascar’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) is analyzed. The government of Madagascar has prepared its second growth and poverty reduction strategy called the Madagascar Action Plan (MAP), a bold development plan for 2007–12. The MAP builds on the first PRSP prepared in 2003 and is underpinned by a broad consultative process. It outlines the commitments, strategies, and actions that are expected to ignite rapid growth and lead to the reduction of poverty in line with the government’s national vision document.
Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Education: General --- Health: General --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty & precarity --- Education --- Health economics --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Health --- Poverty reduction --- Madagascar, Republic of
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The Annual Progress Report (APR) candidly indicates that the macroeconomic objectives for 2005, notably pertaining to growth and revenue objectives, could not be achieved. Looking forward, the preparation of the Madagascar Action Plan (MAP) will provide a useful opportunity to revisit and improve the country’s poverty reduction strategy in light of recent developments and experience. Reasonable progress on the public sector governance agenda was triggered by substantial investments in training and capacity building, in particular in the areas of public financial management, planning, change management, and monitoring and evaluation.
Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Public Finance --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Education: General --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Health: General --- Social welfare & social services --- Public finance & taxation --- Education --- Poverty & precarity --- Health economics --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Health --- Finance, Public --- Madagascar, Republic of
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This paper presents a Joint Staff Assessment of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Progress Report for Madagascar. The assessment reveals that following a strong noninflation growth performance in 2003, macroeconomic developments in 2004 have been affected by adverse exogenous shocks. Madagascar is making good progress in implementing its poverty reduction strategy, which is delivering results. Primary net enrolment rates have increased from about 70 percent in 2002 to 84 percent in 2003/04. The roads program has been successful and rehabilitated about 1,850 km of roads, a threefold increase over 2001.
Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic policy. --- Public Finance --- Environmental Economics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Education: General --- Health: General --- Environmental Economics: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Social welfare & social services --- Education --- Health economics --- Environmental economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Health --- Environment --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Poverty reduction --- Environmental sciences --- Finance, Public --- Madagascar, Republic of
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This paper uses a partial equilibrium framework to evaluate the relative efficiency, distributional and revenue implications of rice tariffs and targeted transfers in Madagascar, especially in the context of identifying their respective roles for poverty alleviation. Although there are likely to be substantial efficiency gains from tariff reductions, these accrue mainly to higher income households. In addition, poor net rice sellers will lose from lower tariffs. Developing a system of well designed and implemented targeted direct transfers to poor households is thus likely to be a substantially more costeffective approach to poverty alleviation. Such an approach should be financed by switching revenue raising from rice tariffs to more efficient tax instruments. These policy conclusions are likely to be robust to the incorporation of general equilibrium considerations.
Business & Economics --- Industries --- Rice trade --- Tariff on farm produce --- Poverty --- Econometric models. --- Madagascar --- Economic policy --- Economic conditions --- Destitution --- Farm produce --- Tariff on agricultural products --- Rice industry --- Tariff --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Grain trade --- Malagasy Republic --- Investments: Commodities --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Taxation --- Trade Policy --- International Trade Organizations --- Agriculture: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Trade: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- International economics --- Tariffs --- Agricultural commodities --- Personal income --- Imports --- Consumption --- Income --- Economics --- Madagascar, Republic of
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This paper discusses key findings of the Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement for Madagascar. The paper focuses on performance during the programs supported by the 1989 and 1996 Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility programs, and the 2001 Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. Despite nearly continuous involvement by the IMF, other international financial institutions, and bilateral donors, economic progress has been slow. Only the most recent years have witnessed inroads into poverty reduction of some significance. However, the country’s growth base remains narrow, and its institutional framework and governance weak.
Economic assistance --- Economic aid --- Foreign aid program --- Foreign assistance --- Grants-in-aid, International --- International economic assistance --- International grants-in-aid --- Economic policy --- International economic relations --- Conditionality (International relations) --- International Monetary Fund --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Social Services and Welfare --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Institutions and the Macroeconomy --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Public finance & taxation --- Civil service & public sector --- Social welfare & social services --- Revenue administration --- Structural reforms --- Civil service reform --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Poverty reduction --- Macrostructural analysis --- Poverty --- Revenue --- Civil service --- Finance, Public --- Madagascar, Republic of
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This paper examines the first annual report on the implementation of Madagascar’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). The report reviews the status of achievements on policy measures, action plans, as well as reforms concerning the Initiative for the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC). It covers the first year of PRSP implementation corresponding to the period from July 2003 to June 2004. It also highlights the connections between the achievements and objectives, programs, and indicators.
Poverty --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Infrastructure --- Macroeconomics --- Demography --- Environmental Economics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Education: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Health: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Health Behavior --- Environmental Economics: General --- Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities: General --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Education --- Labour --- income economics --- Health economics --- Population & demography --- Environmental economics --- Social welfare & social services --- Labor --- Health --- Population and demographics --- National accounts --- Labor economics --- Population --- Saving and investment --- Environmental sciences --- Madagascar, Republic of --- Income economics
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Cet ouvrage vient à point nommé compte tenu de quatre des objectifs de développement préconisés par le Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) de l’OCDE -- à savoir réduire l’extrême pauvreté, universaliser l’enseignement primaire, faire baisser les taux de mortalité infantile et maternelle, et améliorer la situation sanitaire. Ses auteurs montrent que, dans les pays très pauvres, des mesures visant à assurer l’accès de tous aux services d’éducation et de santé sont bien plus profitables aux pauvres que des programmes ciblés plus coûteux. Ils soulignent que la cohérence et la coordination sont des nécessités absolues, afin d’éviter de construire des écoles qui resteront sans professeurs et des dispensaires qui ne pourront être approvisionnés en médicaments. Il faut en outre veiller au réalisme des politiques macro-économiques nationales afin que les secteurs de la santé et de l’éducation ne soient pas privés de ressources. Enfin, les auteurs notent que la qualité de la gestion publique se répercute directement sur l’efficience des dépenses sociales. Cet ouvrage est une référence essentielle pour tous ceux qui sont appelés à intervenir dans la mise en oeuvre de politiques favorables aux pauvres dans les pays en développement et pour les donneurs désireux d'orienter au mieux l'aide au développement international.
Social policy --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Tanzania --- Madagascar --- Poverty --- Education --- Medical care --- Tanzania, United Republic of --- Social conditions --- Delivery of health care --- Delivery of medical care --- Health care --- Health care delivery --- Health services --- Healthcare --- Medical and health care industry --- Medical services --- Personal health services --- Public health --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic
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