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John Locke als Begründer und Theoretiker des Empirismus und Liberalismus zu betrachten, ist gängig. Doch er hat in seinen unterschiedlichen Werken auch eine fein gegliederte Theorie der Ethik entwickelt, die man als Grundlage und Voraussetzung sowohl seiner Epistemologie als auch seiner politischen Theorie deuten kann. Diese Ethiktheorie, die Locke auf der Freiheit des Individuums und dem moralischen Gesetz als Vernunft aufbaut, ist auch für unsere Zeit grundlegend und bedeutsam. Ihre ursprünglichen Formulierungen werden in den Jugendschriften Lockes greifbar, verfasst 1660 bis 1662, veröffentlicht erst 1961. Diese Texte, die bislang wenig Beachtung gefunden haben, stehen im Zentrum der Studie.

Ethics, Modern --- Locke, John, --- Ethics --- Ethik

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Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Philosophy, English --- Zeitschrift --- Periodikum --- Zeitschriften --- Presse --- Fortlaufendes Sammelwerk --- English philosophy --- Philosophy, British --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Locke, John, --- Locke, John --- Locke, John. --- Locke, John, 1632-1704. --- Philanthropus, --- Lokk, Dzhon, --- Lūk, Jūn, --- Lo-kʻo, --- Locke, Giovanni, --- Lock, --- Lock, John, --- Rokku, Jon, --- Locke, Johann --- Locke, Johannes --- Locke, Jean --- Locke, Giovanni --- Locke --- Lock, John --- Lock, Johann --- Lock, Jean --- Lock --- Lockius, Johannes --- Lockius, Iohannes --- Lockius, Ioannes --- Lokkius, Johannes --- Loct, Johann --- Lokk, Džon --- Lokk, Dzhon --- Lokkius, Joh. --- Loke, Johann --- Lūk, Jūn --- Rokku, Jon --- Philanthropus --- P. A. P. O. I. L. A. --- Pacis Amico Persecutionis Osore Iohanne Locke Anglo --- Philosoph --- 1632-1704 --- 29.08.1632-28.10.1704 --- Philosophy, English. --- 1600-1699 --- Lokk, Džon --- Lūk, Jūn --- לוק, י׳ון, --- Philosophie anglaise --- Philosophie

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"As the first translation into any modern language of Achenwall's Ius naturae, from the 1763 edition used by Immanuel Kant, this open access book is an essential work for students and Kant scholars. For over twenty years, Kant used this book as the basis for his lectures on natural law. It has influenced his legal and political philosophy, as well as his ethics, and is indispensable for understanding Kant's Feyerabend Lectures on Natural Law and his Metaphysics of Morals. Achenwall's Ius naturae focuses on the fundamental principles of legal and political philosophy. It first discusses the natural rights and obligations pertaining to the relations of humans independently of their membership in particular communities, and then discusses those pertaining to the family, the state, and international relations. Articulating his theory with clear definitions, precise distinctions, and instructive comparisons with the work of Grotius, Hobbes, Pufendorf, Wolff, and others, Achenwall offers a lucid account that fits squarely in the natural law tradition. His handbook is of interest to scholars of natural law, social contract theory, and the history of political theory more generally. This is a complete English translation of both volumes of the 1763 edition. The volume also includes an Introduction by eminent Kant scholar Paul Guyer, comparing Achenwall's theory to the legal and political philosophy of Kant's Doctrine of Right. Moreover, the volume features a concordance correlating the Ius naturae to Kant's Feyerabend Lectures on Natural Law."--

Natural law --- Western philosophy: c 1600 to c 1900. --- Social & political philosophy. --- Immanuel Kant --- natural law --- Achenwall --- Hobbes --- Christian Wolff --- political thought --- Rousseau --- Locke

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The enduring appeal of liberalism lies in its commitment to the idea that human beings have a "natural" potential to live as free and equal individuals. The realization of this potential, however, is not a matter of nature, but requires that people be molded by a complex constellation of political and educational institutions. In this eloquent and provocative book, Uday Singh Mehta investigates in the major writings of John Locke the implications of this tension between individuals and the institutions that mold them. The process of molding, he demonstrates, involves an external conformity and an internal self-restraint that severely limit the scope of individuality.Mehta explores the centrality of the human imagination in Locke's thought, focusing on his obsession with the potential dangers of the cognitive realm. Underlying Locke's fears regarding the excesses of the imagination is a political anxiety concerning how to limit their potential effects. In light of Locke's views on education, Mehta concludes that the promise of liberation at the heart of liberalism is vitiated by its constraints on cognitive and political freedom.

Authority --- Autorité --- Freedom --- Freedom [Political ] --- Gezag --- Imagination --- Individualiteit --- Individuality --- Individualité --- Liberty --- Liberté --- Political freedom --- Verbeelding --- Vrijheid --- Civil liberty --- Emancipation --- Liberation --- Personal liberty --- Democracy --- Natural law --- Political science --- Equality --- Libertarianism --- Social control --- Psychology --- Conformity --- Identity (Psychology) --- Likes and dislikes --- Personality --- Self --- Imagery, Mental --- Images, Mental --- Mental imagery --- Mental images --- Educational psychology --- Intellect --- Reproduction (Psychology) --- Authoritarianism --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Locke, John, --- Locke, John --- Liberty. --- Authority. --- Imagination. --- Individuality. --- Contributions in political science --- Political science & theory

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Het rijk van de schaarste is een zoektocht door de geschiedenis van de filosofie naar de wortels van de hedendaagse maatschappij. Hans Achterhuis concentreert zich daarbij op het fenomeen van de schaarste, door Thomas Hobbes gezien als 'de natuurlijke toestand van de mens'. Vanuit die invalshoek komen thema's aan de orde als wedijver, rechtvaardigheid en een eerlijke verdeling van natuurlijke hulpbronnen.De rondgang langs denkers uit de geschiedenis van de moderne sociale en politieke filosofie, van Thomas Hobbes tot Michel Foucault, laat zien hoe schaarste zich ontwikkelde tot een kernprobleem van de moderne samenleving. Achterhuis werkt dit uit in beschouwingen over de gezondheidszorg en de globale problematiek van honger en ondervoeding.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- sociale filosofie --- sociologie --- filosofie --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1999 --- Political science --- Scarcity --- Science politique --- Rareté (Economie politique) --- History --- Social aspects --- Histoire --- Aspect social --- economische behoeften --- politieke economie --- macht --- sociologie van de gezondheidszorg --- derdewereldproblematiek --- 321.01 --- 330.121 --- 141.7 --- #SBIB:17H20 --- #SBIB:321H30 --- #GGSB: Sociale wet. essays --- #gsdbf --- Z141.7 --- Z++95/11 --- #A9301A --- Economie --- Filosofie (geneeskunde) --- Filosofie (sociale) --- Voedselproblematiek --- 341 --- armoede (kansarmoede) --- dood --- economie --- gezondheidszorg (gezondheidsbeleid, sociale geneeskunde) --- levenskwaliteit (kwaliteit van leven) --- machtspatronen --- rolpatroon --- -Scarcity --- -Deficiency --- Shortages --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- 330.1 --- 33 --- 1 --- 301.17 --- 362.1 --- 327 --- Algemene staatsleer. Politieke filosofie. Staatsleer. Staatstheorie --- Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- Stelsels met betrekking tot de menselijke gemeenschap --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: algemeen --- Hedendaagse politieke en sociale theorieën (vanaf de 19de eeuw): algemeen (incl. utilitarisme, burgerschap) --- (zie ook: rouw) --- History. --- Social aspects. --- -330.1 --- 330.121 Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- 321.01 Algemene staatsleer. Politieke filosofie. Staatsleer. Staatstheorie --- 141.7 Stelsels met betrekking tot de menselijke gemeenschap --- -330.121 Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- Deficiency --- Rareté (Economie politique) --- History of theories --- Foucault, Michel --- Hobbes, Thomas --- Locke, John --- Marx, Karl --- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques --- Sociale wet. essays