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We take it for granted that some historical figures become heroes, and others do not. Chandragupta Maurya evolved from obscure ruler to contemporary national icon. The key moment in the making of this Indian hero was a meeting by the banks of the River Indus between Chandragupta and Seleucus, founder of the Seleucid empire and one of Alexander the Great's generals, in c .305-3 BC. This significant event was a moment of peace-making at the end of conflict. But no reliable account exists in early sources, and it is not even clear which ruler was victorious in battle. This uncertainty enabled British and Indian historians of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to interpret the sources in radically different ways. With Chandragupta representing India and Seleucus standing in for Britain, British scholars argued that Seleucus defeated Chandragupta, while Indian academics contended the opposite. The writing and reception of history fundamentally influences how we engage with the past, and the evolving colonial and post-colonial relationship between Britain and India is crucial here. In India, the image of Chandragupta as an idealised hero who vanquished the foreign invader has prevailed and found expression in contemporary popular culture. In plays, films, television series, comic books and historical novels, Chandragupta is the powerful and virtuous Hindu ruler par excellence . The path to this elevated standing is charted in this book. Praise for Chandragupta Maurya 'This is an absorbing tale and Jansari does well to carry the reader from ancient Greek texts to present-day Indian films and comics and to engage critically with visual as well as textual material.' Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History

Emperors --- Heroes --- History --- Imperialism

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Zwischen 395 und 624 residierte der Kaiser des Ostens ununterbrochen in Konstantinopel. Er reiste nicht mehr durchs Reich, er führte keine Armee in den Krieg, er verließ die Stadt nicht weiter als eine Tagesreise. Konstantinopel war ohne das Kaisertum undenkbar, aber ebenso war der Herrscher auf die Stadt angewiesen. Ein römischer Kaiser konnte nämlich, anders als ein Erbmonarch der Neuzeit, Macht und Leben an einen Usurpator verlieren, seine Stellung blieb stets prekär. Daher mußte er immer wieder um die Unterstützung der Einwohner Konstantinopels werben, sie um jeden Preis behaupten - und manchmal doch erfahren, daß er sie verlor. Geschah das, war sein Sturz unvermeidlich. So war der Kaiser eingebettet in ein komplexes Netz sozialer Beziehungen. Er benötigte die Akzeptanz von Armee, Volk, Geistlichkeit und Eliten. Ihren Bedürfnissen kam er nach, indem er ihre Anliegen in der Sache befriedigte oder den Status der verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Gruppen durch angemessenes rituelles, gestisches und verbales Handeln anerkannte. Das Buch analysiert diese Prozesse gesellschaftlicher Interaktion, es zeigt, wie der Kaiser Kaiser blieb. So entsteht ein neues Bild des soziopolitischen Systems Konstantinopels und des spätantiken Reiches insgesamt.

Emperors --- Empereurs byzantins --- Byzantine Empire --- Empire byzantin --- Kings and rulers --- History --- Civilization --- Politics and government --- Histoire --- Civilisation --- Politique et gouvernement --- Caesars --- Decennalia --- Roman emperors --- History. --- Byzantine Empire. --- Emperor. --- Late Antiquity. --- Political System. --- Roman Empire. --- Kings and rulers.

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From the days of the emperor Augustus (27 B.C.-A.D. 14) the emperor and his court had a quintessential position within the Roman Empire. It is therefore clear that when the Impact of the Roman Empire is analysed, the impact of the emperor and those surrounding him is a central issue. The study of the representation and perception of Roman imperial power is a multifaceted area of research, which greatly helps our understanding of Roman society. In its successive parts this volume focuses on 1. The representation and perception of Roman imperial power through particular media: literary texts, inscriptions, coins, monuments, ornaments, and insignia, but also nicknames and death-bed scenes. 2. The representation and perception of Roman imperial power in the city of Rome and the various provinces. 3. The representation of power by individual emperors.

Emperors --- Power (Social sciences) --- Propaganda --- Empereurs --- Pouvoir (Sciences sociales) --- Propagande --- Congresses. --- Art --- Congrès --- Rome --- Provinces --- Administration --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Propaganda, Roman --- Roman provinces --- Iconography --- Conferences - Meetings --- Imperialisme. --- Economische invloeden. --- Culturele invloeden. --- Romeinse rijk. --- Emperors. --- Power (Social sciences). --- Propaganda, Roman. --- Administration. --- Rome (Empire). --- Congrès --- Congresses --- Political science --- Italy --- History --- Propaganda [Roman ] --- Roman propaganda --- Czars (Emperors) --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Kings and rulers --- Emperors - Rome - Congresses --- Power (Social sciences) - Rome - Congresses --- Emperors - Rome - Pictorial works - Congresses --- Propaganda, Roman - Congresses --- Rome - Provinces - Administration - Congresses --- Ancient history: to c 500 CE

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Il n’est pas toujours facile, pour les chercheurs et chercheuses comme pour les étudiant.e.s en Histoire ou Littérature antique, d’avoir accès aux préambules à l’élaboration d’un texte. La frustration qui en résulte est d’autant plus grande dans le cas de l’historiographie, où nous savons qu’un vaste travail de collecte, sélection et réappropriation des sources a présidé à la rédaction des œuvres qui nous sont parvenues. C’est à ces « coulisses » que cet ouvrage essaie d’accéder, par le moyen d’une comparaison originale et systématique de deux historiens romains contemporains, Tacite et Suétone. Abordées sur un pied d’égalité en ce qui concerne la démarche historiographique, leurs œuvres permettent en effet de lever une partie du voile sur ce qui relève, dans leur contenu, de l’influence des auteurs précédents ou de choix personnels, mais aussi des attentes du public du IIe siècle lorsqu’il s’agissait d’écrire sur les premiers empereurs. Sont dès lors étudiés d’un point de vue historiographique des épisodes aussi fameux que le séjour de Tibère à Capri ou l’incendie de Rome en 64, et abordés des thèmes comme la présence visible des deux auteurs dans leur texte, celle de leurs sources, la question des motifs repris et développés ou encore le rapport à la tradition antérieure sur les Julio-Claudiens et les trois « empereurs éphémères » qui succédèrent à Néron. Une meilleure connaissance du rapport des Romains à l’écriture de l’histoire et au passé devient ainsi également possible.

History --- Literature --- histoire antique --- historiographie antique --- Tacite --- Suétone --- empereurs romains --- Principat --- procédés littéraires --- Tibère --- Claude --- Néron --- Galba --- Othon --- Vitellius --- Emperors --- Social Sciences --- Humanities --- Succession --- Usurpation --- Tiberius, --- Claudius, --- Galba, Servius Sulpicius, --- Otho, Marcus Salvius, --- Vitellius, Aulus, --- Nero, --- Rome (Empire) --- Usurpation by Roman emperors --- Czars (Emperors) --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Kings and rulers --- Learning and scholarship --- Classical education --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Caesars --- Decennalia --- Roman emperors --- Néron, --- Nerone, --- Nīrūn, --- Vitellius Germanicus, --- Aulus Vitellius, --- Marcus Salvius Otho, --- Galba, Lucius Sulpicius, --- Galba, --- Claude, --- Claudio, --- Ḳlaʼudyus, --- Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, --- Tiberio, --- Tiveriĭ, --- Tibère, --- Ṭiberyus, --- טיבריוס --- Rim --- Roman Empire --- Roman Republic --- Rome --- Romi (Empire) --- Byzantine Empire --- Italy --- Emperors. --- Usurpation.

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The new critical edition of Michael Psellos Chronographia takes into account the entire scholarly work on this text since 1874 in a critical apparatus and a separate text-critical commentary. Compared to previous editions, it provides an improved text, suggesting many new readings. Comprehensive indices facilitate the search within the Greek text. The German translation appears in the Sammlung Tusculum.

Psellus, Michael. --- Byzantine Empire --- History --- Psellos, Michel. --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Greece --- 11th century Byzantium. --- Byzantine literature. --- Byzanz im 11. Jahrhundert. --- Historiographie. --- Michael Psellos. --- biographies of the emperors. --- historiography. --- HISTORY / Ancient / General. --- Psellus, Michael. - Chronographia --- Byzantine Empire - History - 1025-1081