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Geomorphometry is the science of quantitative terrain characterization and analysis, and has traditionally focused on the investigation of terrestrial and planetary landscapes. However, applications of marine geomorphometry have now moved beyond the simple adoption of techniques developed for terrestrial studies, driven by the rise in the acquisition of high-resolution seafloor data and by the availability of user-friendly spatial analytical tools. Considering that the seafloor represents 71% of the surface of our planet, this is an important step towards understanding the Earth in its entirety.This volume is the first one dedicated to marine applications of geomorphometry. It showcases studies addressing the five steps of geomorphometry: sampling a surface (e.g., the seafloor), generating a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from samples, preprocessing the DTM for subsequent analyses (e.g., correcting for errors and artifacts), deriving terrain attributes and/or extracting terrain features from the DTM, and using and explaining those terrain attributes and features in a given context. Throughout these studies, authors address a range of challenges and issues associated with applying geomorphometric techniques to the complex marine environment, including issues related to spatial scale, data quality, and linking seafloor topography with physical, geological, biological, and ecological processes. As marine geomorphometry becomes increasingly recognized as a sub-discipline of geomorphometry, this volume brings together a collection of research articles that reflect the types of studies that are helping to chart the course for the future of marine geomorphometry.

geomorphology --- simulation --- accuracy --- spatial scale --- marine geomorphology --- surface roughness --- forage fish --- satellite imagery --- thalwegs --- digital elevation models (DEMs) --- Seabed 2030 --- Pacific sand lance --- Acoustic applications --- python --- Nippon Foundation/GEBCO --- Oceanic Shoals Australian Marine Park --- submarine topography --- multi beam echosounder --- sedimentation --- bedforms --- carbonate banks --- polychaete --- cold-water coral --- multiscale --- automated-mapping --- semi-automated mapping --- sediment habitats --- Atlantic Ocean --- Northwestern Australia --- random forest --- benthic habitat mapping --- paleoclimate --- submerged glacial bedforms --- seafloor --- currents --- Cenomanian–Turonian --- Multibeam bathymetry --- geomorphometry --- ArcGIS --- filter --- seabed mapping --- coral reefs --- eastern Brazilian shelf --- digital terrain analysis --- multibeam spatial resolution --- multibeam --- multibeam sonar --- Timor Sea --- seafloor geomorphometry --- shelf-slope-rise --- terrain analysis --- seafloor mapping technologies --- spatial analysis --- Canary Basin --- paleobathymetry --- Bonaparte Basin --- pockmarks --- benthic habitats --- Malin Basin --- geographic object-based image analysis --- seafloor mapping standards and protocols --- GIS --- Bering Sea --- object segmentation --- Barents Sea --- bathymetry --- carbonate mound --- underwater acoustics --- integration artefacts --- multibeam echosounder --- domes --- global bathymetry --- Random Forests --- North Sea --- spatial prediction --- Glaciated Margin --- marine geology --- image segmentation --- shelf morphology --- Alaska --- paleoceanography --- confidence --- swath geometry --- volcanoes --- deglaciation --- Cretaceous --- DEM --- habitat mapping --- marine remote sensing --- reconstruction --- acoustic-seismic profiling --- canyons

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Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being implemented in assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity. This book includes research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify to the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The added value of the papers lies in the demonstration of how remote sensing can improve our knowledge of volcanoes that pose a threat to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, the selected case studies also demonstrate the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially have on volcanic hazard and risk management.

volcanic thermal anomalies --- change detection --- Villarrica Volcano --- small satellites --- FireBIRD --- TET-1 --- gas emission monitoring --- X-band InSAR --- scanning Mini-DOAS --- Multi-GAS --- volcanic gases --- precipitable water vapor --- radar path delay --- Láscar volcano --- Mt. Etna --- multi-platform satellite observations --- RSTVOLC --- Stromboli volcano --- landslides --- effusive activity --- Ground-Based InSAR --- infrared live cam --- seismic monitoring --- PLEIADES --- Digital Elevation Models --- optical sensors --- volcano remote sensing --- volcano deformation --- SAR interferometry --- post-unrest deflation --- inversion modelling --- Santorini --- hyperspectral --- FENIX --- lava field --- SMACC --- LSMA --- volcano monitoring --- thermal imaging --- time series --- Seasonal-Trend Decomposition --- heat flux --- emissivity --- lava flow modeling --- remote sensing --- volcanic eruption interpretation --- eruption forecasting --- MSG SEVIRI --- wavelet --- thermal measurements --- lava fountain --- lava flow --- Mt.Etna --- eruptive style --- Timanfaya volcanic area --- HDR geothermal systems --- GPR --- EMI --- magnetic anomalies --- seasonality --- lahars hazard --- magma accumulation --- pyroclastic flows --- ash plumes --- volcanic cloud --- Landsat 8 --- elevation model --- Volcán de Colima --- lava flow volume estimation --- SPOT --- EO-1 ALI --- MODIS data --- SENTINEL-2 images --- infrasonic activity --- open-vent activity --- fissural eruption --- long- and short-term precursors --- SO2 fluxes --- UV Camera --- Etna Volcano --- explosive basaltic volcanism --- Bezymianny --- monitoring --- lava dome --- inflation --- SAR imaging --- radar pixel offsets --- acoustic infrasound --- volcanic emissions --- ground-based remote sensing --- Sentinel missions --- Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging --- InSAR processing --- infrared remote sensing --- SO2 gas emission --- satellite remote sensing --- ash fall --- lava flows --- pyroclastic density currents --- mapping --- volcanic hazard --- gas emissions --- edifice growth and collapse --- volcanic unrest --- thermal anomalies