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Dental caries are of vital concern to all dentists. Their management is central to daily work in dental offices because cavities are ubiquitous in all populations, lesion development is lifelong, and caries are the most common cause of tooth loss. This book provides information on the etiology, prevention, and treatment of tooth decay. Chapters cover such topics as dental biofilms, dietary factors, the association of Candida with early colonization of cariogenic microorganisms, oral diseases, the use of fluoride, and dental caries in disabled children. The information presented herein is useful for dental students as well as researchers and dental practitioners.
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Dental caries affects people throughout their lifetime, being a major factor in oral pain, aesthetic impairment, and edentulism. Untreated dental caries can affect adjoining oral tissues and lead to systemic complications. Prevention represents a key factor in managing this condition and includes public health measures, addressing risk factors as well as access to oral health services. A regular dental examination is crucial for detecting early signs of caries and determining optimal treatment. The proper selection of restoration methods and restorative materials may represent the difference between success and failure in dental caries management. This book includes seven chapters that focus on various important aspects of dental caries, including etiology, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management.
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With an update of the recent progress in etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of caries, it may be said that the final defeat of dental caries is becoming possible soon. Based on the research in this area in recent decades, "Contemporary Approach to Dental Caries" contained the caries in general, the diagnosis of caries, caries control and prevention, the medical treatment of caries, dental caries in children and others such as secondary caries. This book provides the reader with a guide of progress on the study of dental caries. The book will appeal to dental students, educators, hygienists, therapists and dentists who wish to update their knowledge. It will make you feel reading is profitable and useful for your practice.
Dental caries --- Prevention. --- Preventive dentistry --- Teeth --- Care and hygiene --- Dentistry
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Dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease are among the more widespread chronic diseases affecting mankind. This volume gives the definition of dental caries and periodontal disease and reviews problems in measurement of these disorders (Chap. 2). Chapter 3 discusses the suitability of these dental problems as indicators of oral health status from the point of view of prevalence, severity, and possible adverse consequences, and it describes their responses to dental care. Chapter 4 presents the RAND Health Insurance Experiment (HIE) definitions of these conditions and describes the methods for measuring their prevalence and adverse impacts. Chapter 5 presents data from the HIE enrollment procedures from all six sites. Finally, proposed quality-of-care criteria for the two diseases, which will be applied in analyses at the end of the experiment, are introduced in Chap. 6 and given in detail in an appendix.
Dental surveys --- Dental caries --- Periodontal disease --- Dental care --- Health insurance --- Dental Care --- Dental health surveys --- Periodontal diseases --- Utilization --- Prevention and control. --- Prevention and control
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This collaborative work provides a detailed snapshot of child oral health in Australia. In doing so, it describes the levels of dental caries and its components, dental fluorosis and other oral health conditions and how they vary by social characteristics. It also describes protective factors such as toothbrushing, the use of fluoridated toothpastes and making dental visits.
Children --- Dental caries in children --- Fluorosis --- Mottled enamel. --- Dental surveys --- Dental care --- National Child Oral Health Study 2012-14. --- fissure sealant use --- australian oral health --- oral hygiene --- national child oral health survey --- children's oral health --- oral health survey --- water fluoridation --- nhmrc --- fluoridated toothpaste --- ncohs --- children's dental visit --- child oral health --- oral health and social inequality --- dental fluorosis --- Confidence interval --- Dentistry --- Permanent teeth --- Physical examination --- Tertiary education --- Tooth decay --- Vocational education
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The world of adult education needs information on instruments that provide behavioral changes and support the physical, emotional, and spiritual health of modern individuals. Under this scope, this Special Issue incorporates articles about modern perspectives on diet and coaching approaches that lead to new dietary habits.
diet --- nutrition --- oral health coaching --- older adults --- senior coaching --- motivational interviewing --- cognitive behavioral coaching techniques --- independent elderly --- healthy food --- Mediterranean diet --- food system --- sustainability --- conscious consumption --- normal oral fibroblast --- squamous carcinoma cell --- Khat --- myofibroblasts --- cytotoxicity --- cell death --- food insecurity --- mushroom nutrition --- poverty --- health promotion --- health foods --- probiotics --- prebiotics --- synbiotics --- dental caries --- effector strain --- prevention --- oral health --- honey --- Staphylococcus aureus --- Streptococcus mutans --- Fusobacterium nucleatum --- antibacterial activity --- oral cavity --- artificial saliva --- breast milk --- microbiome --- lactic acid bacteria --- entero-mammary pathway --- n/a
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Around the globe dental caries is a public health problem and the disease burden is particularly high among under-privileged groups. In several low-income countries the WHO anticipates that the incidence of dental caries will increase as a result of growing consumption of sugars and inadequate exposure to fluorides. The good news is that dental caries is preventable through the effective use of fluoride. WHO emphasizes the importance of automatic administration of fluoride as part of public health programmes. Substantial research has provided evidence of the effectiveness of milk fluoridation
Dental Caries -- prevention & control. --- Dental caries -- Prevention. --- Fluoridation. --- Dental caries --- Milk --- Water Supply --- Tooth Demineralization --- Beverages --- Preventive Dentistry --- Public Health Dentistry --- Anions --- Hydrofluoric Acid --- Dairy Products --- Bodily Secretions --- Environment and Public Health --- Fluorine Compounds --- Food and Beverages --- Sanitary Engineering --- Ions --- Food --- Tooth Diseases --- Dentistry --- Fluids and Secretions --- Electrolytes --- Sanitation --- Stomatognathic Diseases --- Inorganic Chemicals --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Health Care --- Anatomy --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Public Health --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Diseases --- Fluoridation --- Dental Caries --- Fluorides --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Dentistry - General --- Prevention --- Fluoride --- Carious Dentin --- Decay, Dental --- Dental White Spot --- White Spot, Dental --- White Spots, Dental --- Caries, Dental --- Dental Decay --- Dental White Spots --- White Spots --- Carious Dentins --- Dentin, Carious --- Dentins, Carious --- Spot, White --- Spots, White --- White Spot --- Water Fluoridation --- Fluoridation, Water --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Anatomies --- Beverages and Food --- Compounds, Fluorine --- Dairy Product --- Product, Dairy --- Products, Dairy --- Fluoridation of milk --- Supplies, Water --- Supply, Water --- Water Supplies --- Water --- Demineralization, Tooth --- Hypomineralization, Tooth --- Tooth Hypomineralization --- Hypomineralizations, Tooth --- Tooth Hypomineralizations --- Dentistry, Public Health --- Dentistries, Preventive --- Dentistry, Preventive --- Preventive Dentistries --- Beverage --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Chemicals, Inorganic --- Mouth and Tooth Diseases --- Dental Diseases --- Dental Disease --- Disease, Dental --- Disease, Stomatognathic --- Diseases, Dental --- Diseases, Stomatognathic --- Stomatognathic Disease --- Disease, Tooth --- Diseases, Tooth --- Tooth Disease --- Nutrients --- Foods --- Plumbing --- Engineering, Sanitary --- supply & distribution --- Secretions --- Bodily Secretion --- Secretion --- Secretion, Bodily --- Secretions, Bodily --- Fluohydric Acid --- Fluorhydric Acid --- Hydrogen Fluoride --- Acid, Fluohydric --- Acid, Fluorhydric --- Acid, Hydrofluoric --- Fluoride, Hydrogen --- Secretions and Fluids --- Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Lactation --- Cariostatic Agents --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Fluorine --- Preventive dentistry --- Teeth --- Conservation of Water Resources --- Groundwater --- Decalcification, Pathologic --- Preventive Health Services --- Primary Prevention --- Potassium Magnesium Aspartate --- Oral Medicine --- Nutrient --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Nutritional Requirements --- Physiological effect --- Care and hygiene --- Milk Fluoridation --- Salt Fluoridation --- Fluoridation, Milk --- Fluoridation, Salt --- Carious Lesions --- Carious Lesion --- Lesion, Carious --- Lesions, Carious --- Spot, Dental White --- Spots, Dental White --- Cow Milk --- Cow's Milk --- Milk, Cow --- Milk, Cow's --- Food And Beverage --- And Beverage, Food --- And Beverages, Food --- Beverage, Food And --- Beverages, Food And --- Anion --- Electrolyte --- Dental Cavities --- Dental Cavity --- Cavities, Dental --- Cavity, Dental
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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of an enzyme family and are critical for maintaining tissue allostasis. MMPs can catalyze normal turnover of the extracellular matrix (ECM) together with other metalloproteinases such as ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) and ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif) families. MMP activity is also regulated by a group of endogenous proteins called tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). All these proteins have a pivotal role involving ECM remodelling in normal physiological processes such as wound healing, embryogenesis, angiogenesis, bone remodelling, immunity, and the female reproductive cycle. An imbalance in the expression or activity of MMPs can also have important consequences in diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic leg ulcers, and multiple sclerosis. In recent years, MMPs have been found to play an important role in the field of precision medicine, as they may serve as biomarkers that may predict an individual’s disease predisposition, state, or progression. MMPs are also thought to be a sensible target for molecular therapy. The aim of this Special Issue is to explore the most recent findings in this field that may have an impact in healthcare systems.
hypersensitivity pneumonitis --- metalloproteinases --- genetic association --- autoantibodies --- MMP1 --- MMP2 --- SNPs --- MMPs --- TIMPs --- CKD --- peripheral vascular disease --- biomarkers --- proteinuria --- eGFR --- PAD. --- NGAL --- statins --- arterial aneurysms --- patients --- collagenases --- Crohn’s disease --- dental caries --- mouth --- periodontitis --- matrix metalloproteinase-9 --- dialysis --- on-line hemodiafiltration --- high-flux dialysis --- renal replacement therapy --- kidney transplantation --- Mac-1 --- CD147 --- leukocytes --- platelets --- adhesion --- integrin αMβ2 --- matrix metalloproteinases --- TIMP --- synthetic inhibitors --- RECK --- matrix metalloproteinase --- MAPKs --- ischemia/reperfusion --- eNOS --- iNOS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- inflammation --- NO --- MMP-9 --- cGMP --- Caco-2 --- matrix metalloproteinase-7 --- fibrosis --- acute kidney injury --- chronic kidney disease --- apoptosis --- health --- disease
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With advances in dental materials and their clinical applications, as well as innovations in computer technology, dental treatment is constantly evolving. In particular, adhesion technology to the tooth surface, implant treatments, and the application of CAD/CAM technology are very interesting topics for clinical dentists. As a bonding technique, the influence of the pre-etched area of the tooth surface on the adhesive strength can be reduced by the new application of a functional monomer. Additionally, the effect of an advanced adhesive system as a universal adhesive-derived primer, when compared with the two-step adhesive, is helpful for updating the applications of new materials. Dental implants are one of the most interesting dental treatments. PEEK (polyetheretherketone) has recently been reported as a further innovation in polymer implant materials, although it has not yet met the requirements to be a biomechanical requirement. In the placement of mini-screws used in orthodontic treatments, micro-cracks caused by overtorquing in thick and hard bone, and the consequent heat production, can reduce the success rate. Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques are becoming increasingly popular. Since complete dentures can be produced using an additive (3D printing) or subtractive (milling) process, CAD/CAM techniques for denture fabrication have many clinical and laboratory advantages. Innovative and convenient dental material technology will be more and more expected in the future. This book has limited findings, but we hope that your clinical capability will be integrated and upgraded.
denture base --- complete denture --- acrylic resin --- CAD-CAM --- milling resin --- eye-tracking --- aesthetics --- golden ratio --- forensics --- caries model --- Streptococcus mutans --- demineralization --- dental caries --- molar intrusion --- orthodontic treatment --- temporomandibular disorder --- occlusal splint --- centric relation --- bracket debonding --- dental enamel --- scanning electron microscopy --- orthodontics --- methacrylate monomer --- heat polymerization --- mechanical properties --- resin infiltration --- two-step adhesive system --- universal adhesive-derived primer --- adhesive layer thickness --- enamel bond durability --- orthodontic screw --- mini-implant --- pre-drilling --- heat production --- temperature --- irrigation --- cooled irrigation --- safety --- bone drilling --- orthodontic adhesive paste --- functional monomer --- pre-etched area --- chewing exercise --- masticatory function --- masticatory pattern --- open bite --- TADs --- cephalometric analysis --- treatment option criteria --- ROC analysis --- orthodontic retainer --- oral hygiene --- gingival recession --- patient compliance --- n/a
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Health statistics have progressed dramatically in Australia since the 1980s when the Australian Government created the (now) Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The 12 papers in this Special Issue describe developments across a diverse range of topics, as well as providing an overview of the scope of health statistics in Australia and describing some ongoing gaps and problems. The papers will be of interest to international readers seeking to improve statistics about their health systems. Health statistics need to respect individuals’ personal information, be based on common data standards, and have adequate resourcing and committed staffing . The Australian experience provides valuable insights and examples. Australians will benefit from a comprehensive account of what has been achieved and what remains to be addressed. The papers in the Special Issue demonstrate the importance of continuing commitment to the statistical effort. Authors were chosen because of their known expertise in their respective fields.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health --- Indigenous health measurement --- life expectancy --- misleading statistics --- management use of information --- data sovereignty --- governance --- mental --- services --- pandemic --- COVID-19 --- data linkage --- Australia --- cross-jurisdiction --- dental caries --- oral health --- periodontal disease --- tooth loss --- health services --- disability --- data gaps --- disability identification --- International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) --- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) --- health statistics, disability statistics --- inequalities --- prescribing --- quality use of medicines --- medication safety --- pharmacoepidemiology --- medication data --- health outcomes --- real-world data --- real-world evidence --- mortality data --- cause of death --- coronial investigation --- continuity of care --- data --- dementia --- health --- health service use --- integration --- last year of life --- linkage --- suicide --- veterans --- welfare --- wellbeing --- general practice --- health services research --- primary health care --- health expenditure --- health expenditure projections --- disease expenditure --- health expenditure policy --- mental health --- accountability --- quality improvement --- policy development --- health statistics --- Australian health system --- health surveys --- Indigenous
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