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Book
Overcoming Data Scarcity in Earth Science
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 3039282115 3039282107 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

heavily Environmental mathematical models represent one of the key aids for scientists to forecast, create, and evaluate complex scenarios. These models rely on the data collected by direct field observations. However, assembly of a functional and comprehensive dataset for any environmental variable is difficult, mainly because of i) the high cost of the monitoring campaigns and ii) the low reliability of measurements (e.g., due to occurrences of equipment malfunctions and/or issues related to equipment location). The lack of a sufficient amount of Earth science data may induce an inadequate representation of the response’s complexity in any environmental system to any type of input/change, both natural and human-induced. In such a case, before undertaking expensive studies to gather and analyze additional data, it is reasonable to first understand what enhancement in estimates of system performance would result if all the available data could be well exploited. Missing data imputation is an important task in cases where it is crucial to use all available data and not discard records with missing values. Different approaches are available to deal with missing data. Traditional statistical data completion methods are used in different domains to deal with single and multiple imputation problems. More recently, machine learning techniques, such as clustering and classification, have been proposed to complete missing data. This book showcases the body of knowledge that is aimed at improving the capacity to exploit the available data to better represent, understand, predict, and manage the behavior of environmental systems at all practical scales.


Book
Modelling of Floods in Urban Areas
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This Special Issue publishes the latest advances and developments concerning the modelling of flooding in urban areas and contributes to our scientific understanding of the flooding processes and the appropriate evaluation of flood impacts. This issue contains contributions of novel methodologies including flood forecasting methods, data acquisition techniques, experimental research in urban drainage systems and/or sustainable drainage systems, and new numerical and simulation approaches in nine papers with contributions from over forty authors.


Book
Corporate Bankruptcy Prediction : International Trends and Local Experience
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Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Bankruptcy prediction is one of the most important research areas in corporate finance. Bankruptcies are an indispensable element of the functioning of the market economy, and at the same time generate significant losses for stakeholders. Hence, this book was established to collect the results of research on the latest trends in predicting the bankruptcy of enterprises. It suggests models developed for different countries using both traditional and more advanced methods. Problems connected with predicting bankruptcy during periods of prosperity and recession, the selection of appropriate explanatory variables, as well as the dynamization of models are presented. The reliability of financial data and the validity of the audit are also referenced. Thus, I hope that this book will inspire you to undertake new research in the field of forecasting the risk of bankruptcy.


Book
Wearables for Movement Analysis in Healthcare
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Quantitative movement analysis is widely used in clinical practice and research to investigate movement disorders objectively and in a complete way. Conventionally, body segment kinematic and kinetic parameters are measured in gait laboratories using marker-based optoelectronic systems, force plates, and electromyographic systems. Although movement analyses are considered accurate, the availability of specific laboratories, high costs, and dependency on trained users sometimes limit its use in clinical practice. A variety of compact wearable sensors are available today and have allowed researchers and clinicians to pursue applications in which individuals are monitored in their homes and in community settings within different fields of study, such movement analysis. Wearable sensors may thus contribute to the implementation of quantitative movement analyses even during out-patient use to reduce evaluation times and to provide objective, quantifiable data on the patients’ capabilities, unobtrusively and continuously, for clinical purposes.


Book
Current Advances in Meat Nutritional, Sensory and Physical Quality Improvement
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039286919 3039286900 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Within the idea and objective of bringing together original studies dealing with the continuum aspects of meat, i.e., from farm to fork, this book grouped papers on the study of the nutritional, sensory, and technological aspects of carcass, muscle, meat, and meat-product qualities. This nook highlights a great part of the research activities in the field of meat science. A total of 14 original studies and one comprehensive review were edited within five main topics: (i) production systems and rearing practices, (ii) prediction of meat quality, (iii) statistical approaches for meat quality prediction/management, (iv) muscle biochemistry and proteomics techniques, and (v) consumer acceptability, development, and characterization of meat products.

Keywords

meat quality --- sensory and technological quality --- serratus ventralis muscle --- modeling --- suckling cattle --- immunohistology --- pig --- carcass --- LC-MS/MS --- calpain --- sensorial and technological quality --- on-line --- infraspinatus muscle --- statistical tools for meat quality prediction --- malondialdehyde --- skeletal muscle --- chuck sale section --- male and female turkeys --- rearing managements --- dry-cured belly --- meat science --- breeders --- carcass characteristics --- production systems --- castration --- muscle biochemistry --- biomarker --- monitoring --- sample preparation --- quality --- bovine proteomics --- h2afx --- prediction --- broilers --- nutritional --- phenol --- shear force --- beef performances --- fetus --- complexus muscle --- near-infrared spectroscopy --- phenotypic model --- sensory acceptability --- cull cow --- trade-off --- meat sensory properties --- one-dimensional electrophoresis --- rhomboideus muscle --- boar taint --- OMICs tools --- pancetta --- longissimus muscle --- spectroscopy --- carcass and meat qualities --- finishing practices --- pre-weaning period --- grass-fed --- nutritional quality --- pasture --- consumer --- tenderness --- predictive model --- intramuscular fat --- fattening period --- rearing surveys --- rearing practices --- cows --- young bulls --- machine learning --- breed --- farm survey --- beef quality --- biological marker --- Folin-Ciocalteu --- decision trees --- natural antioxidant --- meat --- color attributes --- bovine --- processed meat --- meat rheological properties --- growth period --- muscle proteins --- extracellular matrix --- beef tenderness --- farm-to-fork


Book
Design and Management of Manufacturing Systems
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Although the design and management of manufacturing systems have been explored in the literature for many years now, they still remain topical problems in the current scientific research. The changing market trends, globalization, the constant pressure to reduce production costs, and technical and technological progress make it necessary to search for new manufacturing methods and ways of organizing them, and to modify manufacturing system design paradigms. This book presents current research in different areas connected with the design and management of manufacturing systems and covers such subject areas as: methods supporting the design of manufacturing systems, methods of improving maintenance processes in companies, the design and improvement of manufacturing processes, the control of production processes in modern manufacturing systems production methods and techniques used in modern manufacturing systems and environmental aspects of production and their impact on the design and management of manufacturing systems. The wide range of research findings reported in this book confirms that the design of manufacturing systems is a complex problem and that the achievement of goals set for modern manufacturing systems requires interdisciplinary knowledge and the simultaneous design of the product, process and system, as well as the knowledge of modern manufacturing and organizational methods and techniques.

Keywords

efficiency --- production processes --- machinery --- production maintenance --- logistic regression --- production process capability --- product quality --- monitoring of production processes --- process variables --- production planning optimization --- closed-loop green supply chain --- government subsidy --- stackelberg game --- re-manufacturing --- polish manufacturing company --- additive manufacturing technology --- questionnaire survey --- empirical research --- semi-Markov model --- Markov model --- empirical data distribution --- readiness --- production machines --- 8 disciplines method --- custom cable assemblies --- defects --- functional test --- customer satisfaction --- hard computing approach --- p-median problem --- generalized cell formation --- assembly-line balancing --- multi-objective optimization --- simulated annealing --- multilayer network --- production process design --- unit and small-lot production design for manufacturability --- fuzzy logic --- eco-design --- end-of-life treatment --- recycling --- solar power plant --- wind power plant --- life cycle analysis --- advanced industrial engineering --- modelling and simulation --- factory of the future --- smart factory --- manufacturing systems --- production planning optimisation --- decision support --- additive manufacturing --- fused filament fabrication --- CFR-PEEK --- optimal process parameters --- manufacturing performance --- multiple response optimization --- reconfigurable manufacturing system --- Petri net --- deadlock --- siphon --- supervisory controller --- reengineering --- simulation --- productivity --- batch processors --- real-time control --- dispatching --- wafer fabrication --- semiconductor manufacturing --- system-wide performance --- robust scheduling --- predictive scheduling --- machine failure --- failure prediction --- constraint programming --- constraint satisfaction problem --- cost estimation --- decision support systems --- multicriteria optimization --- production planning --- project management --- layout --- 3D printing devices --- methods of optimizing the arrangement of workstations --- car tire production process --- rubber industry --- environmental impact --- Life Cycle Assessment --- entire product lifecycle --- decision-making process --- lean maintenance --- effectiveness --- decision trees --- rough set theory --- n/a


Book
Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society : Sensing Systems and Pervasive Intelligence
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book features the manuscripts accepted for the Special Issue “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society—Sensing Systems and Pervasive Intelligence” of the MDPI journal Sensors. Most of the papers come from a selection of the best papers of the 2019 edition of the “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society” (APPLEPIES) Conference, which was held in November 2019. All these papers have been significantly enhanced with novel experimental results. The papers give an overview of the trends in research and development activities concerning the pervasive application of electronics in industry, the environment, and society. The focus of these papers is on cyber physical systems (CPS), with research proposals for new sensor acquisition and ADC (analog to digital converter) methods, high-speed communication systems, cybersecurity, big data management, and data processing including emerging machine learning techniques. Physical implementation aspects are discussed as well as the trade-off found between functional performance and hardware/system costs.

Keywords

model-based design --- FPGA --- HDL code generation --- wearable sensors --- embedded devices --- face recognition --- face verification --- biometric sensors --- deep learning --- distillation --- convolutional neural networks --- spatial transformer network --- video coding --- discrete cosine transform --- directional transform --- VLSI --- alternative representations to float numbers --- posit arithmetic --- Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) --- neural network activation functions --- surface electromyography --- event-driven --- functional electrical stimulation --- embedded system --- resampling --- interpolating polynomial --- polyphase filter --- digital circuit design --- ASIC --- bitmap indexing --- processing in memory --- memory wall --- big data --- internet of things --- intelligent sensors --- autonomous driving --- cyber security --- HW accelerator --- on-chip random number generator (RNG) --- SHA2 --- ASIC standard-cell --- machine learning --- edge computing --- edge analytics --- ANN --- k-NN --- SVM --- decision trees --- ARM --- X-Cube-AI --- STM32 Nucleo --- rad-hard --- PLL (phase-locked loop) --- SEE (single event effects) --- Spacefibre --- TID (total ionization dose) --- charge pump --- phase/frequency detector --- frequency divider --- ring oscillator --- LC-tank oscillator --- SpaceFibre --- rad-hard circuits --- radiation effects --- high-speed data transfer --- support attitude --- inertial measurement unit --- coal mining --- unscented Kalman filter --- quaternion --- gradient descent --- research data collection and sharing --- connected and automated driving --- deployment and field testing --- vehicular sensors --- impact assessment --- knowledge management --- collaborative project methodology --- n/a


Book
Advances in Computational Intelligence Applications in the Mining Industry
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book captures advancements in the applications of computational intelligence (artificial intelligence, machine learning, etc.) to problems in the mineral and mining industries. The papers present the state of the art in four broad categories: mine operations, mine planning, mine safety, and advances in the sciences, primarily in image processing applications. Authors in the book include both researchers and industry practitioners.

Keywords

truck dispatching --- mining equipment uncertainties --- orebody uncertainty --- discrete event simulation --- Q-learning --- grinding circuits --- minerals processing --- random forest --- decision trees --- machine learning --- knowledge discovery --- variable importance --- mineral prospectivity mapping --- random forest algorithm --- epithermal gold --- unstructured data --- blast impact --- empirical model --- mining --- fragmentation --- mine worker fatigue --- random forest model --- health and safety management --- stockpiles --- operational data --- mine-to-mill --- geostatistics --- ore control --- mine optimization --- digital twin --- modes of operation --- geological uncertainty --- multivariate statistics --- partial least squares regression --- oil sands --- bitumen extraction --- bitumen processability --- mine safety and health --- accidents --- narratives --- natural language processing --- random forest classification --- hyperspectral imaging --- multispectral imaging --- dimensionality reduction --- neighbourhood component analysis --- artificial intelligence --- mining exploitation --- masonry buildings --- damage risk analysis --- Bayesian network --- Naive Bayes --- Bayesian Network Structure Learning (BNSL) --- rock type --- mining geology --- bluetooth beacon --- classification and regression tree --- gaussian naïve bayes --- k-nearest neighbors --- support vector machine --- transport route --- transport time --- underground mine --- tactical geometallurgy --- data analytics in mining --- ball mill throughput --- measurement while drilling --- non-additivity --- coal --- petrographic analysis --- macerals --- image analysis --- semantic segmentation --- convolutional neural networks --- point cloud scaling --- fragmentation size analysis --- structure from motion --- n/a --- gaussian naïve bayes


Book
Systems Engineering: Availability and Reliability
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Current trends in Industry 4.0 are largely related to issues of reliability and availability. As a result of these trends and the complexity of engineering systems, research and development in this area needs to focus on new solutions in the integration of intelligent machines or systems, with an emphasis on changes in production processes aimed at increasing production efficiency or equipment reliability. The emergence of innovative technologies and new business models based on innovation, cooperation networks, and the enhancement of endogenous resources is assumed to be a strong contribution to the development of competitive economies all around the world. Innovation and engineering, focused on sustainability, reliability, and availability of resources, have a key role in this context. The scope of this Special Issue is closely associated to that of the ICIE’2020 conference. This conference and journal’s Special Issue is to present current innovations and engineering achievements of top world scientists and industrial practitioners in the thematic areas related to reliability and risk assessment, innovations in maintenance strategies, production process scheduling, management and maintenance or systems analysis, simulation, design and modelling.

Keywords

Quality check --- bike frame --- mathematical model --- graphical user interface --- risk management --- safety assurance --- medical parallel robot --- robotic assisted cancer treatment --- risk performance reasoning --- hidden Markov model --- Handy bauxite carrier --- process safety --- performance evaluation --- safety --- coupling correlation --- risk assessment --- multi-dimensional theory --- precision steel tape --- tape transportation --- roller-tape interactions --- roller-tape contact pair --- reliability --- truck unloading system --- petroleum equipment --- preventive maintenance --- cork–rubber composites --- compression --- apparent compression modulus --- Young’s modulus --- bonded condition --- importance measure --- cost --- inventory systems --- air compression system --- nitrogen generation system --- utility module --- availability --- sensitivity analysis --- predictive maintenance --- Industry 4.0 --- Internet of Things --- artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- maintenance --- predictive scheduling --- flow shop --- job shop --- ant colony optimisation --- on-line monitoring --- collaborative robots --- human robot collaboration --- time between failure (TBF) --- common beta hypothesis (CBH) test --- meta-analysis --- level of heterogeneity --- mean time between failure (MTBF) --- text mining --- network-based distributed manufacturing systems --- moth flame optimization algorithm --- support vector machines --- Naive Bayes --- random forest --- decision trees --- supplier classification --- machining centre --- DSM --- Copula function --- fault propagation intensity --- fault propagation behaviour --- lubricity --- gear oil --- wear --- operational reliability --- n/a --- cork-rubber composites --- Young's modulus

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