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The auditory system is one of the finest structures in the human body. Although its anatomical structure is so small compared to other organs, without it, it would greatly affect a person's basic life. Hearing loss, also known as hearing impairment, is a partial or total inability to hear. When people communicate with others, listening is always the first step. That is why Helen Keller once said, "Blindness separates people from things; deafness separates people from people." To avoid the "epidemic" of hearing loss in the near future, it is necessary to promote early screening, change public attitudes toward noise, and wear hearing aids appropriately. Based on the contributions of many authors, whom I sincerely respect, this book incorporates updated developments as well as future perspectives in the ever-expanding field of hearing loss. This book can also serve as a reference for persons who are involved in this field whether they are clinicians, researchers, or patients.
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This book covers some innovative aspects of the multifaceted and continuously evolving field of rehabilitation of hearing loss. International leading experts share their view and advanced experience on unilateral deafness, services for the hard of hearing, hair cell regeneration, advanced imaging, active middle ear and bone conduction hearing aids, and cochlear implants.
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Within the well-documented understanding of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) being a complex occupational health condition requiring the adoption of the complex interventions approach to management, challenges confronting hearing conservation programs (HCPs) within the African context need clear characterization and insightful deliberation. Guided by the systems theory, to be realistic about the implementation, monitoring, as well as evaluation of outcomes of HCPs within the African mining context, this book is a call for a paradigm shift in the assessment and management of ONIHL and HCPs in African mines . This book, Occupational Noise Induced Hearing Loss: An African Perspective, Teams researchers involved in the management of ONIHL and implementation of HCPs with evidence that allows for contextually relevant best practices in mine settings, particularly those located in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). This best practice is multidisciplinary in nature and engages all stakeholders in all relevant sectors, with the goal of adopting a preventive audiology approach to ONIHL rather than the compensation-oriented approach that is currently prevailing. This book is a research-driven contribution to the occupational health and safety (OHS) space, with ONIHL as a focus case study, and it provides contemporary, contextually relevant, and responsive evidence related to ONIHL and HCPs in LMICs with a very specific focus. in the South African context. This book expansively addresses all aspects of ONIHL and HCPs in one volume, with careful considerations of complexities and challenges to HCPs implementation, applicable specifically to LMICs, although useful globally. The book offers potential solutions and recommendations for all challenges identified, having carefully and deliberately engaged with local evidence, local context, and local policies and regulations to ensure an Afrocentric contribution to the world of evidence.
Industrial safety. --- Deafness, Noise induced. --- Occupational diseases.
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Law --- Crime, Criminology and Law Enforcement --- Deaf --- Deafness. --- Deaf. --- Deaf-mutes --- Deaf people --- Deafness --- Hearing impaired --- Deafblind people --- Deaf Mutism --- Deaf-Mutism --- Deafness, Acquired --- Hearing Loss, Complete --- Hearing Loss, Extreme --- Deafness Permanent --- Hearing Loss Permanent --- Prelingual Deafness --- Acquired Deafness --- Complete Hearing Loss --- Deafness, Prelingual --- Extreme Hearing Loss --- Permanent, Deafness --- Permanent, Hearing Loss --- Permanents, Deafness --- Hearing Loss, Bilateral --- Lipreading --- Persons With Hearing Impairments --- Patients --- Deaf people.
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Deafness --- Education --- Societies --- Speech-Language Pathology --- Hearing loss --- Pathology, Language --- Pathology, Speech --- Pathology, Speech-Language --- Language Pathology --- Speech Pathology --- Pathology, Speech Language --- Speech Language Pathology --- Organizations, Professional --- Professional Organizations --- Organization, Professional --- Professional Organization --- Activities, Educational --- Educational Activities --- Workshops --- Literacy Programs --- Training Programs --- Activity, Educational --- Educational Activity --- Literacy Program --- Program, Literacy --- Program, Training --- Programs, Literacy --- Programs, Training --- Training Program --- Workshop --- Students --- Bilateral Deafness --- Deaf Mutism --- Deaf-Mutism --- Deafness, Acquired --- Hearing Loss, Complete --- Hearing Loss, Extreme --- Prelingual Deafness --- Acquired Deafness --- Complete Hearing Loss --- Deafness, Bilateral --- Deafness, Prelingual --- Extreme Hearing Loss --- education --- Audiology --- Ear --- Hearing disorders --- Hearing --- Organizations --- Hearing Loss, Bilateral --- Lipreading --- Persons With Hearing Impairments --- Diseases --- Deafness Permanent --- Hearing Loss Permanent --- Permanent, Deafness --- Permanent, Hearing Loss --- Permanents, Deafness --- Deafness. --- Education. --- Societies. --- Speech-Language Pathology.
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Deaf --- Sourds --- Surdité --- Deaf. --- Éducation --- Deaf-mutes --- Deaf people --- Deafness --- Patients --- Deafness. --- Persons with Hearing Impairments. --- Hearing Disabled Persons --- Deaf Persons --- Hard of Hearing Persons --- Hearing Impaired Persons --- Deaf Person --- Disabled Persons, Hearing --- Hearing Disabled Person --- Hearing Impaired Person --- Person, Deaf --- Person, Hearing Disabled --- Person, Hearing Impaired --- Persons, Deaf --- Persons, Hearing Disabled --- Persons, Hearing Impaired --- Bilateral Deafness --- Deaf Mutism --- Deaf-Mutism --- Deafness, Acquired --- Hearing Loss, Complete --- Hearing Loss, Extreme --- Prelingual Deafness --- Acquired Deafness --- Complete Hearing Loss --- Deafness, Bilateral --- Deafness, Prelingual --- Extreme Hearing Loss --- Hearing impaired --- Deafblind people --- Persons With Hearing Impairments. --- Hearing Loss, Bilateral --- Lipreading --- Persons With Hearing Impairments --- Hearing Disorders --- Deaf-Blind Disorders --- Deafness Permanent --- Hearing Loss Permanent --- Permanent, Deafness --- Permanent, Hearing Loss --- Permanents, Deafness
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Communication is vital for social participation. However, communication often takes place under suboptimal conditions. This makes communication harder and less reliable, leading at worst to social isolation. In order to promote participation, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying communication in different situations. Human communication is often speech based, either oral or written, but may also involve gesture, either accompanying speech or in the form of sign language. For communication to be achieved, a signal generated by one person has to be perceived by another person, attended to, comprehended and responded to. This process may be hindered by adverse conditions including factors that may be internal to the sender (e.g. incomplete or idiosyncratic language production), occur during transmission (e.g. background noise or signal processing) or be internal to the receiver (e.g. poor grasp of the language or sensory impairment). The extent to which these factors interact to generate adverse conditions may differ across the lifespan. Recent work has shown that successful speech communication under adverse conditions is associated with good cognitive capacity including efficient working memory and executive abilities such as updating and inhibition. Further, frontoparietal networks associated with working memory and executive function have been shown to be activated to a greater degree when it is harder to achieve speech comprehension. To date, less work has focused on sign language communication under adverse conditions or the role of gestures accompanying speech communication under adverse conditions. It has been proposed that the role of working memory in communication under such conditions is to keep fragments of an incomplete signal in mind, updating them as appropriate and inhibiting irrelevant information, until an adequate match can be achieved with lexical and semantic representations held in long term memory. Recent models of working memory highlight an episodic buffer whose role is the multimodal integration of information from the senses and long term memory. It is likely that the episodic buffer plays a key role in communication under adverse conditions. The aim of this research topic is to draw together multiple perspectives on communication under adverse conditions including empirical and theoretical approaches. This will facilitate a scientific exchange among individual scientists and groups studying different aspects of communication under adverse conditions and/or the role of cognition in communication. As such, this topic belongs firmly within the field of Cognitive Hearing Science. Exchange of ideas among scientists with different perspectives on these issues will allow researchers to identify and highlight the way in which different internal and external factors interact to make communication in different modalities more or less successful across the lifespan. Such exchange is the forerunner of broader dissemination of results which ultimately, may make it possible to take measures to reduce adverse conditions, thus facilitating communication. Such measures might be implemented in relation to the built environment, the design of hearing aids and public awareness.
Deafness --- Hearing --- working memory --- speech understanding --- Signal processing --- adverse conditions --- Cognition --- Executive Function --- Communication
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Early experience plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of cognitive development. For example, early sensory deprivation is known to induce neural reorganization by way of adaptation to the altered sensory experience. Neville and Bavelier’s “compensatory theory’’ hypothesizes that loss of one sense may bring about a sensory enhancement in the remaining modalities. Sensory deprivation will, however, also impact the age of emergence, or the speed of acquisition of cognitive abilities that depend upon sensory inputs. Understanding how a child’s early environment shapes their cognition is not only of theoretical interest. It is essential for the development of early intervention programs that address not just the early deprivation itself, but also the cognitive sequelae of such deprivation. The articles in this e-book all address different aspects of deprivation - sensory, linguistic, and social - and explore the impacts of such deprivation on a wide range of cognitive outcomes. In reading these contributions, it is important to note that sensory, linguistic, and social deprivation are not independent factors in human experience. For example, a child born deaf into a hearing family is likely to experience delays in exposure to natural language, with subsequent limits on their linguistic competence having an effect on social interactions and inclusion: a child raised in environments where social interaction is highly limited is also likely to experience reductions in the quantity and quality of linguistic inputs. Future work will need to carefully examine the complex interactions between the sensory, linguistic and social environments of children raised in atypical or impoverished environments.
institutionalization --- visual perception --- blindness --- spatial localization --- language deprivation --- cognitive development --- plasticity --- auditory perception --- deafness
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"Making Sense explores the experiential, ethical, and intellectual stakes of living in, and thinking with, worlds wherein language cannot be taken for granted. In Nepal, many deaf signers use Nepali Sign Language (NSL), a young, conventional signed language. The majority of deaf Nepalis, however, use what NSL signers call natural sign. Natural sign involves conventional and improvisatory signs, many of which recruit semiotic relations immanent in the social and material world. These features make conversation in natural sign both possible and precarious. Sense-making in natural sign depends on signers' skillful use of resources and on addressees' willingness to engage. Natural sign reveals the labor of sense-making that in more conventional language is carried by shared grammar. Ultimately, this highly original book shows that emergent language is an ethical endeavor, challenging readers to consider what it means, and what it takes, to understand and to be understood"--
Sign language --- Deafness --- Deaf people --- Deaf culture --- Social aspects. --- Social aspects --- Means of communication --- Social life and customs.
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Book Soundscape Semiotics - Localization and Categorization is a research publication that covers original research on developments within the Soundscape Semiotics field of study. The book is a collection of reviewed scholarly contributions written by different authors. Each scholarly contribution represents a chapter and each chapter is complete in itself but related to the major topics and objectives. The chapters included in the book are divided in two section. First section - Advanced Signal Processing Methodologies for Soundscape Analysis contains 5 chapters, and second section - Human Hearing Estimations and Cognitive Soundscape Analysis 3 chapters. The target audience comprises scholars and specialists in the field.
Auditory perception. --- Directional hearing. --- Auditory localization --- Localization, Auditory --- Sound, Localization of --- Sound localization (Physiology) --- Hearing --- Auditory scene analysis --- Sound perception --- Perception --- Word deafness --- Semiotics / semiology
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