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This open access book offers an initial introduction to programming for scientific and computational applications using the Python programming language. The presentation style is compact and example-based, making it suitable for students and researchers with little or no prior experience in programming. The book uses relevant examples from mathematics and the natural sciences to present programming as a practical toolbox that can quickly enable readers to write their own programs for data processing and mathematical modeling. These tools include file reading, plotting, simple text analysis, and using NumPy for numerical computations, which are fundamental building blocks of all programs in data science and computational science. At the same time, readers are introduced to the fundamental concepts of programming, including variables, functions, loops, classes, and object-oriented programming. Accordingly, the book provides a sound basis for further computer science and programming studies.

Computer mathematics. --- Computer software. --- Computer programming. --- Software engineering. --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Professional Computing. --- Programming Techniques. --- Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems. --- Mathematics of Computing. --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Computers --- Electronic computer programming --- Electronic data processing --- Electronic digital computers --- Programming (Electronic computers) --- Coding theory --- Software, Computer --- Computer systems --- Computer mathematics --- Mathematics --- Programming --- Computer science --- Mathematics.

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This open access two-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2020, which took place in Dublin, Ireland, in April 2020, and was held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2020. The total of 60 regular papers presented in these volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 155 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Program verification; SAT and SMT; Timed and Dynamical Systems; Verifying Concurrent Systems; Probabilistic Systems; Model Checking and Reachability; and Timed and Probabilistic Systems. Part II: Bisimulation; Verification and Efficiency; Logic and Proof; Tools and Case Studies; Games and Automata; and SV-COMP 2020. .

Mathematics --- Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Computer. Automation --- informatica --- externe fixatie (geneeskunde --- hardware --- programmeertalen --- software engineering --- architectuur (informatica) --- Software engineering. --- Computers, Special purpose. --- Computer systems. --- Microprogramming. --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Software Engineering. --- Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems. --- Computer System Implementation. --- Control Structures and Microprogramming. --- Mathematics of Computing.

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This open access book surveys the progress in addressing selected challenges related to the growth of big data in combination with increasingly complicated hardware. It emerged from a research program established by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as priority program SPP 1736 on Algorithmics for Big Data where researchers from theoretical computer science worked together with application experts in order to tackle problems in domains such as networking, genomics research, and information retrieval. Such domains are unthinkable without substantial hardware and software support, and these systems acquire, process, exchange, and store data at an exponential rate. The chapters of this volume summarize the results of projects realized within the program and survey-related work. This is an open access book.

Computer networks. --- Data structures (Computer science). --- Information theory. --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Algorithms. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Data Structures and Information Theory. --- Mathematics of Computing. --- Design and Analysis of Algorithms. --- Algorism --- Algebra --- Arithmetic --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Information structures (Computer science) --- Structures, Data (Computer science) --- Structures, Information (Computer science) --- Electronic data processing --- File organization (Computer science) --- Abstract data types (Computer science) --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Network computers --- Foundations --- Distributed processing --- Data structures (Computer science) --- Algorismes computacionals --- Dades massives

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This Open Access book explores questions such as why and how did the first biological cells appear? And then complex organisms, brains, societies and –now– connected human societies? Physicists have good models for describing the evolution of the universe since the Big Bang, but can we apply the same concepts to the evolution of aggregated matter –living matter included? The Amazing Journey analyzes the latest results in chemistry, biology, neuroscience, anthropology and sociology under the light of the evolution of intelligence, seen as the ability of processing information. The main strength of this book is using just two concepts used in physics –information and energy– to explain: The emergence and evolution of life: procaryotes, eukaryotes and complex organisms The emergence and evolution of the brain The emergence and evolution of societies (human and not) Possible evolution of our "internet society" and the role that Artificial Intelligence is playing.

Network hardware --- Operating systems --- Algorithms & data structures --- Computer networking & communications --- Mathematical theory of computation --- Maths for computer scientists --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Input-output equipment (Computers). --- Computer communication systems. --- Operating systems (Computers). --- Algorithms. --- Mathematical logic. --- Math Applications in Computer Science. --- Input/Output and Data Communications. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Operating Systems. --- Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Algorism --- Algebra --- Arithmetic --- Computer operating systems --- Computers --- Disk operating systems --- Systems software --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Electronic data processing --- Network computers --- Computer hardware --- Computer I/O equipment --- Electronic analog computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Hardware, Computer --- I/O equipment (Computers) --- Input equipment (Computers) --- Input-output equipment (Computers) --- Output equipment (Computers) --- Computer systems --- Foundations --- Distributed processing --- Input-output equipment --- Computer science --- Computer science—Mathematics --- Operating systems (Computers) --- Algorithms

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This book is Open Access under a CC BY licence.

Computer science. --- Computer system failures. --- Software engineering. --- Computer logic. --- Computer science --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computers. --- Computer Science. --- Logics and Meanings of Programs. --- Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- System Performance and Evaluation. --- The Computing Profession. --- Discrete Mathematics in Computer Science. --- Mathematics. --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Computer science logic --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Computer failures --- Computer malfunctions --- Failure of computer systems --- System failures (Engineering) --- Fault-tolerant computing --- Informatics --- Science --- Mathematics --- Failures --- Logic design. --- Computer system performance. --- Computer industry. --- Computational complexity. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic industries --- Design, Logic --- Design of logic systems --- Digital electronics --- Electronic circuit design --- Logic circuits --- Switching theory --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- artificial intelligence --- computer software --- selection and evaluation --- formal logic --- graph theory --- modal logic --- petri nets --- program compilers --- programming language --- semantics --- separation logic --- software engineering --- theorem proving --- type systems --- verification --- Electronic digital computers—Evaluation. --- Professions. --- Discrete mathematics. --- Computer Science Logic and Foundations of Programming. --- Software Engineering. --- Discrete mathematical structures --- Mathematical structures, Discrete --- Structures, Discrete mathematical --- Numerical analysis --- Career patterns --- Careers --- Jobs --- Professional services --- Occupations --- Interprofessional relations --- Vocational guidance