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Human red blood cells are formed mainly in the bone marrow and are believed to have an average life span of approximately 120 days. However, is it true for all red blood cells? What are the changes associated with red cell maturation, adulthood and senescence? What are the determinants of red cell life span and clearance? What are the mechanisms in control of red cell mass in healthy humans and patients with various forms of anemia? What are the markers of circulating red cell senescence and in cells during storage and transfusion? Within the life span may properties of red cells change leading to age-mixed circulating cell populations. Although these cells appear to be genetically terminated by the time they are released into the blood stream, they undergo surprisingly versatile modifications depending on the life-style and health conditions of a “human host”. Numerous disorders are believed to be associated with facilitated ageing of red blood cells. “In vitro ageing” and damage of red blood cells during storage is yet one more important issue related to the risks and efficiency of blood transfusion. Many of the mechanisms behind such effects are far from being fully understood. In this context the Research Topic is set to include articles in the field of biochemical investigations, biophysical approaches, physiological and clinical studies related to red blood cell maturation and aging. This includes Original Research, Methods, Hypothesis and Theory, Reviews and Perspectives.
Erythropoiesis --- senescence --- neocytolysis --- blood storage --- Clearance --- Vesiculation --- erythrocyte
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Reticulocytes --- Erythrocytes --- Erythropoiesis --- senescence --- Clearance --- Anaemia --- Membrane Physiology --- Rheology --- Microfluidics
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A polycentric approach to the representation of slums in world cinemaNear to one billion people call slums their home, making it a reasonable claim to describe our world as a ‘planet of slums.’ But how has this hard and unyielding way of life been depicted on screen? How have filmmakers engaged historically and across the globe with the social conditions of what is often perceived as the world’s most miserable habitats?Combining approaches from cultural, globalisation and film studies, Igor Krstic outlines a transnational history of films that either document or fictionalise the favelas, shantytowns, barrios poulares or chawls of our ‘planet of slums’, exploring the way accelerated urbanisation has intersected with an increasingly interconnected global film culture. From Jacob Riis’ How The Other Half Lives (1890) to Danny Boyle’s Slumdog Millionaire (2008), the volume provides a number of close readings of films from different historical periods and regions to outline how contemporary film and media practices relate to their past predecessors, demonstrating the way various filmmakers, both north and south of the equator, have repeatedly grappled with, rejected or continuously modified documentary and realist modes to convey life in our ‘planet of slums’.Read the introduction to Slums on Screen for free (pdf)Key FeaturesTraces the global flows of film culture through emphasising the transnational impact of important film movementsFocuses on two important ‘cinematic megacities’ (Rio de Janeiro and Mumbai) to outline how global film cultural currents become modified according to a specific local contextCombines approaches from cultural, globalisation and film studies to reconstruct world cinema’s ‘planet of slums’Adds a new perspective on cultural (world cinema) and social (cityward migration) globalisation processes"
Motion pictures --- Cities and towns in motion pictures. --- Slums. --- Slum clearance --- Housing --- History. --- History and criticism --- PERFORMING ARTS / Film / General.
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La favela, cet envers du décor de la « Cité merveilleuse », a beaucoup contribué à faire de Rio de Janeiro - et plus largement du Brésil - la terre de tous les contrastes. En ouvrant ce livre, le lecteur français pourrait donc à bon droit y voir une invitation au voyage dans un monde qui éveille sa curiosité, mais lui demeure en définitive étranger. Pourtant c'est plus encore au mouvement inverse, de l'exotique au familier, du lointain au proche, que cet ouvrage nous invite. Son propos n'est pas tant d'ajouter une nouvelle pierre à l'édifice déjà impressionnant des connaissances sur les favelas, ni d'en faire la synthèse, que d'en expliciter les conditions sociales de production. Car la favela s'« invente » au fil d'une histoire séculaire qui, du mythe d'origine en passant par le discours scientifique, mène contre toute attente à une consécration culturelle et médiatique. Analysant à la fois cette forme particulière d'habitat populaire et les réseaux d'acteurs et d'institutions qui en ont façonné l'image, Licia Valladares nous offre une contribution originale à l'histoire des sciences sociales brésiliennes, de la Première République à nos jours.
Squatter settlements --- Bidonvilles --- History --- Histoire --- Slums --- Sociology, Urban --- Poor --- History. --- Urban sociology --- Cities and towns --- Slum clearance --- Housing --- bidonvilles --- pauvreté --- histoire --- logement --- sociologie urbaine --- Brésil --- représentation sociale
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Housing --- Working poor --- Poor --- Working class --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Employment --- Social aspects
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Pris dans de multiples réseaux d'appartenances et de relations qui débordent largement le cadre restreint de leur quartier, les citadins mettent en pratique des manières d'habiter qui portent l'empreinte de leur propre histoire, mais s'ajustent aussi à celles de leurs voisins. Au carrefour du devenir des immeubles et du destin de leurs occupants, les quartiers urbains ne cessent de se façonner et de se redéfinir au fil du temps. Si chacun a sa physionomie singulière, il porte aussi témoignage de toutes les lignes de force qui concourent à faire la ville et les manières d'être en ville : trajets et projets individuels, lois du marché, jeu des réseaux locaux, mémoire collective inscrite dans les maisons et les espaces de la cité... Tantôt éphémères, tantôt durables, ces ajustements mutuels entre des personnes et des lieux se révèlent ici à la faveur de l'analyse comparée de trois quartiers résidentiels situés au cœur de la ville de Lyon.
Housing --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Social aspects --- citadin --- urbanisme --- ville --- habitation --- quartier --- immeuble
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Strong evidence continues to accumulate indicating that amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a central part of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis in spite of the negative evidence coming from failed clinical trials. Therefore, mechanisms of clearance of Aβ are of great interest in understanding AD pathogenesis and the development of effective treatments. This topic focuses on the issues related to Aβ clearance in AD. The topics covered include proteases that degrade Aβ and their localization, regulation, and functions. This topic also covers issues related to clearance through uptake by glia and through low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mediated mechanisms. Signal transduction related to AD pathology and clearance is also addressed. Finally, immunotherapy and other novel therapeutic approaches are discussed.
Alzheimer's disease. --- Alzheimer's disease --- Alzheimer's disease --- Neurosciences. --- Pathogenesis. --- Molecular aspects. --- amyloid-beta --- Signal Transduction --- Proteases --- LDL receptors --- Clearance --- Alzheimer's disease
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Housing policies of the central and eastern European countries are changing dramatically. Governments as suppliers of housing for the public are being replaced by market mechanisms in the private sector. To facilitate the development of housing markets, establishing well-functioning housing finance systems has emerged as an important policy issue for transition economies. This publication contains selected papers originally submitted to the workshop on housing finance in transition economies organised by the OECD in June 2000. It provides the first in-depth survey of current situations and challenges in the development of housing finance in major transition economies, in particular, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia. It also reviews current trends in housing finance in advanced market countries and their implications for transition economies.
Housing -- Finance -- Europe, Eastern. --- Housing -- Finance -- Former Soviet republics. --- Housing -- Finance. --- Housing --- Business & Economics --- Real Estate, Housing & Land Use --- Finance --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- Social aspects --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Logement --- Finances
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Socio-political views on housing have been brought to the fore in recent years by global economic crises, a notable rise of international migration and intensified trans-regional movement phenomena. Adopting this viewpoint, From Conflict to Inclusion in Housing maps the current terrain of political thinking, ethical conversations and community activism that complements the current discourse on new opportunities to access housing. Its carefully selected case studies cover many geographical contexts, including the UK, the US, Brazil, Australia, Asia and Europe. Importantly, the volume presents the views of stakeholders that are typically left unaccounted for in the process of housing development, and presents them with an interdisciplinary audience of sociologists, planners and architects in mind. Each chapter offers new interpretations of real-world problems, local community initiatives and successful housing projects, and together construct a critique on recent governmental and planning policies globally. Through these studies, the reader will encounter a narrative that encompasses issues of equality for housing, the biopolitics of dwelling and its associated activism, planning initiatives for social sustainability, and the cohabitation of the urban terrain.
Housing. --- Social integration. --- Inclusion, Social --- Integration, Social --- Social inclusion --- Sociology --- Belonging (Social psychology) --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Social aspects --- Urban & municipal planning
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This book is proposed as both a general reading of the discipline for students in architecture and urban planning, and offers a variety of materials for professionals of local and international organizations. It brings together studies with new perspectives and relevant subjects from different geographical areas. The book gathers the contributions of international researchers and experts. It is divided into three parts and eight chapters: Part I, ""Introduction to Housing Affairs,"" includes a chapter that discusses a general reading of housing as meaning and action in social, economic, and environmental city life. Part II, ""Case Studies Upon Housing Policies,"" includes four chapters. It consists of many examples from different geographical areas and domains. Part III, ""Housing Quality and Affordability,"" includes three chapters; housing quality, sustainability, and development are the main subjects for this part.
Housing. --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Social aspects --- Engineering --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Civil Engineering --- Construction Engineering
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