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This book is a collection of 10 research articles (from 18 submissions) authored by researchers and peer reviewed by professionals in the field to address the use of sustainable composite materials in civil and architectural engineering over the course of more than 2 years. Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), geopolymers, and various recycled and repurposed waste materials are among the items addressed, used in a variety of applications from flame retardance to energy consumption. This book is a great resource for both academics and professionals in the field of engineering.

basic oxygen furnace slag --- autoclave test --- geopolymer technology --- expansion behavior --- recycling --- Ag/MWCNT --- EMSE --- laminated woven fabric --- PTFE film --- screen printing --- utilization --- SiC sludge --- alkaline activator solutions --- synergistic effect --- geopolymer reaction --- flame retardant --- organic–inorganic hybrid --- polyurethane --- sol–gel method --- graphene nanoplatelets --- graphene nanoplatelets/epoxy nanocomposite --- mechanical properties --- planetary centrifugal mixing --- three-roll milling --- traditional dispersal --- cement soil --- nano MgO --- carbonization process --- compressive strength --- energy dissipation --- asphalt concrete --- radiation cooling --- emissivity --- thermal conductivity --- recycled carbon fiber --- fiber-reinforced concrete --- microwave-assisted pyrolysis --- shock wave --- inorganic --- geopolymer --- heat storage --- light reflectivity --- heat flux --- sustainable cities and communities --- carbon fiber-reinforced polymer --- silane coupling agents --- n/a --- organic-inorganic hybrid --- sol-gel method

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Additive manufacturing (AM), more commonly known as 3D printing, has grown trememdously in recent years. It has shown its potential uses in the medical, automotive, aerospace, and spare part sectors. Personal manufacturing, complex and optimized parts, short series manufacturing, and local on-demand manufacturing are just some of its current benefits. The development of new materials and equipment has opened up new application possibilities, and equipment is quicker and cheaper to use when utilizing the new materials launched by vendors and material developers. AM has become more critical for the industry but also for academics. Since AM offers more design freedom than any other manufacturing process, it provides designers with the challenge of designing better and more efficient products.

additive manufacturing --- modular design --- design-for-manufacturability --- design optimization --- part consolidation --- product re-design --- topology optimization --- design for additive manufacturing --- 3D printing --- aerospace --- full-life cycle manufacturing flow --- airfoil --- carbon fiber tubes --- telescoping spars --- chevrons --- porous scaffold design --- tetrahedral implicit surface modeling --- triply periodic minimal surface --- selective laser melting (SLM) --- Ti6Al4V --- structure–property relationship --- microstructure --- Hall–Petch relationship --- n/a --- structure-property relationship --- Hall-Petch relationship

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Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers have gained importance in transportation industries due to their outstanding material properties, lower manufacturing costs and superior lightweight characteristics. One of the most attractive attributes of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites is the ease with which they can be manufactured in large numbers, using injection and compression molding processes. The main aim of this Special Issue is to collect various investigations focused on the processing of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites and the effect that processing has on fiber orientation, fiber length and fiber density distributions throughout the final product. Papers presenting investigations on the effect that fiber configurations have on the mechanical properties of the final composite products and materials were welcome in the Special Issue. Researchers who model and simulate processes involving discontinuous fiber composites as well as those performing experimental studies involving these composites were welcomed to submit papers. The authors were encouraged to present new models, constitutive laws, and measuring and monitoring techniques to provide a complete framework on these groundbreaking materials and to facilitate their use in different engineering applications.

fiber reinforced plastics --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) --- sliding plate rheometer --- fiber microstructure --- fiber orientation --- direct fiber simulation --- mechanistic model --- fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- modeling --- short fiber reinforcement --- process simulation --- smoothed particle hydrodynamics --- composite foams --- closed cells --- image processing --- finite element analysis --- polymer composites --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (LFTs) --- core region --- shell region --- fiber length distribution (FLD) --- selective laser sintering --- recoating --- PA6 --- polyamide --- glass --- fibres --- beads --- orientation --- recoating speed --- layer thickness --- energy density --- pARD-RSC --- short fiber reinforced --- mechanistic modelling --- Carbon nanotubes --- CNTs --- nanocomposites --- electrical resistivity --- conductivity --- electric fields --- computational modelling --- compression moulding --- moulding compounds --- optimisation --- wet laid --- isotropic --- tensile --- carbon fiber --- discontinuous --- recycling --- hybrid composites --- polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) --- thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer --- glass fibers --- long fiber reinforced plastics --- fiber breakage --- fiber length --- additive tooling --- additive manufacturing --- rapid tooling --- injection molding --- polypropylene --- long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber concentration --- stereolithography --- carbon fiber recycling --- lightweight design --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- parameter-optimization --- injection molding compounding --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber orientation models --- calibration --- discontinuous fiber composites (DFC) --- compression molding --- sheet molding compound (SMC) --- carbon fiber sheet molding compound (CF-SMC) --- randomly oriented strands (ROS) --- computed tomography (CT) --- direct fiber simulation (DFS) --- prepreg platelet molding compound (PPMC) --- tow-based discontinuous composite (TBDC) --- plastics processing --- composites --- glass fiber --- sheet molding compound --- long fiber --- fiber content --- n/a

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This book, consisting of 21 articles, including three review papers, written by research groups of experts in the field, considers recent research on reinforced polymer composites. Most of them relate to the fiber-reinforced polymer composites, which are a real hot topic in the field. Depending on the reinforcing fiber nature, such composites are divided into synthetic and natural fiber-reinforced ones. Synthetic fibers, such as carbon, glass, or basalt, provide more stiffness, while natural fibers, such as jute, flax, bamboo, kenaf, and others, are inexpensive and biodegradable, making them environmentally friendly. To acquire the benefits of design flexibility and recycling possibilities, natural reinforcers can be hybridized with small amounts of synthetic fibers to make them more desirable for technical applications. Elaborated composites have great potential as structural materials in automotive, marine and aerospace application, as fire resistant concrete, in bridge systems, as mechanical gear pair, as biomedical materials for dentistry and orthopedic application and tissue engineering, as well as functional materials such as proton-exchange membranes, biodegradable superabsorbent resins and polymer electrolytes.

glass fibers --- surface modification --- polyethersulfone --- impregnation --- composite materials --- mechanical properties --- damping properties --- stability --- 3D printing --- composites --- DLP --- lignocellulose --- nanoindentation --- fiber-reinforced polymer --- natural fibers --- synthetic fibers --- PET fiber --- PP --- compatibility --- modification --- co-injection molding --- fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) --- fiber orientation distribution (FOD) --- micro-computerized tomography (μ-CT) scan technology --- bearing --- salt fog aging --- glass-flax hybrid coposites --- pinned joints --- failure modes --- polymer-matrix composites --- carbon fibers --- polysulfone --- rubber --- short jute fibers --- surface treatments --- scanning electron microscopy --- PVA --- CMC --- Na2CO3 --- film --- hydrogel mechanical properties --- nanocomposites --- double-network hydrogels --- polymer–nanoparticle interactions --- bamboo-plastic composites (BPCs) --- waste bamboo fibers --- chemical composition --- physico-mechanical properties --- thermal decomposition kinetics --- PEEK composites --- reinforcements --- self-lubricating bush --- friction and wear --- pin joints --- flat slab --- two-way shear --- carbon fiber reinforced polymers --- glass fiber reinforced polymers --- natural rubber --- maleated natural rubber --- palm stearin --- halloysite nanotubes --- heat treatment --- surface modification of staple carbon fiber --- natural rubber latex --- reinforcement mechanism --- dopamine --- rubber composite --- bifunctionally composite --- sulfonic acid based proton exchange membrane --- silica nanofiber --- mechanical stability --- high temperature fuel cell --- polyetherimide --- polycarbonate --- polyphenylene sulfone --- kenaf fibre --- glass fibre --- hybrid composites --- low velocity impact --- damage progression --- bamboo --- n/a --- poly (lactic acid) (PLA) --- wastes rubber --- recycling --- tensile properties --- polymer-nanoparticle interactions

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The book is an amazing collection of technical papers dealing with hybrid rockets. Once perceived as a niche technology, for about a decade, hybrid rockets have enjoyed renewed interest from both the propulsion technical community and industry. Hybrid motors can be used in practically all applications where a rocket is employed, but there are certain cases where they present a superior fit, such as sounding rockets, tactical missile systems, launch boosters and the emerging field of commercial space transportation. The novel space tourism business, indeed, will benefit from their safety and lower recurrent development costs. The subjects addressed in the book include the cutting edge technology employed to push forward this relatively new propulsion concept, spanning systems to improve fuel regression rate, control of the mixture ratio to optimize performance, computational fluid dynamics applied to the simulation of the internal ballistics, and some other novel system applications.

hybrid rocket --- marine propulsion --- rupture disc --- idling operation --- underwater environment --- hybrid rocket engines --- multidisciplinary design optimization --- robust optimization --- electric feed system --- ballistic reconstruction technique --- fuel regression --- nozzle erosion --- c∗ efficiency --- hybrid --- regression rate --- self-disintegration --- HTPB --- paraffin --- low-energy polymer --- magnesium --- fuel regression rate --- internal ballistics --- computational fluid dynamics --- hybrid rocket propulsion --- swirl oxidizer injection --- feedback loop control --- error propagation analysis --- resistor-based sensors --- rocket --- regression --- Marxman --- diffusion-limited --- blowing factor --- 3D printing --- fuel grain --- hybrid combustion --- modeling and simulation --- hybrid propulsion --- paraffin-based fuel --- oxygen --- combustion --- testing --- nano-sized aluminum --- micron-sized aluminum --- fluoropolymer --- mechanically activated aluminum --- coated aluminum --- fuel-rich composite powder --- aluminum aggregation --- aluminum agglomeration --- mass burning rate --- n/a --- “green” propellants --- nitrous oxide decomposition --- energy of activation --- 3-D printing --- hybrid rocket engine --- sounding rocket --- carbon fiber composite --- engine test --- total impulse --- lightweight design --- ignition system --- gas torch --- methane-oxygen combustion --- vortex combustion chamber --- hybrid rocket motor --- ramjet motor --- "green" propellants