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The aim of this book is to highlight up to date exploited technologies and approaches in terms of antenna designs and requirements. In this regard, this book targets a broad range of subjects, including the microstrip antenna and the dipole and printed monopole antenna. The varieties of antenna designs, along with several different approaches to improve their overall performance, have given this book a great value, in which makes this book is deemed as a good reference for practicing engineers and under/postgraduate students working in this field. The key technology trends in antenna design as part of the mobile communication evolution have mainly focused on multiband, wideband, and MIMO antennas, and all have been clearly presented, studied and implemented within this book. The forthcoming 5G systems consider a truly mobile multimedia platform that constitutes a converged networking arena that not only includes legacy heterogeneous mobile networks but advanced radio interfaces and the possibility to operate at mm wave frequencies to capitalize on the large swathes of available bandwidth. This provides the impetus for a new breed of antenna design that, in principle, should be multimode in nature, energy efficient, and, above all, able to operate at the mm wave band, placing new design drivers on the antenna design. Thus, this book proposes to investigate advanced 5G antennas for heterogeneous applications that can operate in the range of 5G spectrums and to meet the essential requirements of 5G systems such as low latency, large bandwidth, and high gains and efficiencies.

Antenna radiation patterns.

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In this thesis methods are presented to optimize the radiation characteristic of holographic antennas for the usage with frequency-modulated radar modules (FMCW principle). This combination allows the simultaneous measuring of distance and angular position to targets within a scenario, due to the frequency-scanning property of this antenna type. This work focuses on the design of the integrated, holographic antennas and their optimization in terms of important system parameters.

FMCWLeaky-Wave-Antenna --- Beamforming --- Holografische Antenne --- Radar --- FMCW --- Leckwellenantenne --- Holographic Antenna

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This work focuses on the analysis and design of multiple element antennas (MEA) and their interaction with the propagation channel. In particular, attention is given to urban channels and how its information throughput, i.e. capacity, can be improved. With this in mind, this work extends an existing network model of the communication system in order to reduce computation time, investigates the communicational limits of MEA systems and proposes a synthesis method for capacity maximization.

Capacity maximization --- Multiple Element Antennas --- MIMO --- Antenna Synthesis

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With the rapid evolution of the wireless communications, fifth-generation (5G) communication has received much attention from both academia and industry, with many reported efforts and research outputs and significant improvements in different aspects, such as data rate speed and resolution, mobility, latency, etc. In some countries, the commercialization of 5G communication has already started as well as initial research of beyond technologies such as 6G.MIMO technology with multiple antennas is a promising technology to obtain the requirements of 5G/6G communications. It can significantly enhance the system capacity and resist multipath fading, and has become a hot spot in the field of wireless communications. This technology is a key component and probably the most established to truly reach the promised transfer data rates of future communication systems. In MIMO systems, multiple antennas are deployed at both the transmitter and receiver sides. The greater number of antennas can make the system more resistant to intentional jamming and interference. Massive MIMO with an especially high number of antennas can reduce energy consumption by targeting signals to individual users utilizing beamforming.Apart from sub-6 GHz frequency bands, 5G/6G devices are also expected to cover millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) spectra. However, moving to higher bands will bring new challenges and will certainly require careful consideration of the antenna design for smart devices. Compact antennas arranged as conformal, planar, and linear arrays can be employed at different portions of base stations and user equipment to form phased arrays with high gain and directional radiation beams. The objective of this Special Issue is to cover all aspects of antenna designs used in existing or future wireless communication systems. The aim is to highlight recent advances, current trends, and possible future developments of 5G/6G antennas.

double-fed slot antenna --- MIMO system --- mobile terminals --- polarization diversity --- UWB technology --- 5G --- future handsets --- modified PIFA --- multi-antenna system --- multi-band operation --- MIMO --- 5G mobile handsets --- dual-band antenna --- microstrip patch antenna --- millimeter-wave --- high gain --- transmitarray (TA) antenna --- metasurface (MS) --- PSO --- side-lobe level (SLL) reduction --- lens antenna --- negative refractive index --- multibeam --- beam scanning --- beyond-5G --- 6G --- interference alignment --- K-User MIMO --- OFDM --- wideband antenna --- MIMO antenna --- four-port wideband antenna --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transmission zeros (TZs) --- metallic via --- coupling topology --- antenna array --- antenna measurements --- beam pattern --- beam steering --- equivalent circuit modelling --- transmitarray --- chirality --- dielectric resonator antennas --- metasurfaces --- antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) --- millimeter wave --- compact --- 5G applications --- corrugations --- reconfigurable antennas --- reconfigurable parasitic layers --- antenna optimization --- antenna design --- nonlinear characterization --- behavioral modelling --- x-parameters --- PIN diode --- dielectric resonator antenna --- aperture coupled --- 26 GHz --- small cell --- active metamaterial antenna --- continuous tuning --- resonance blindness --- EM co-simulation --- nonlinear property --- phased array --- massive MIMO --- wideband array --- triangular grid --- n/a

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In this work antenna systems for radar- and communication systems are presented. Additionally, a QFN-based packaging concept is evaluated. For communication systems the antenna systems are optimized for maximum radiated power to extend the transmit range. Therefore, a new concept for the power-combination of parallelized amplifiers is presented, where the signals of the amplifiers are combined in a single antenna element.

Millimeter-Wave --- Antennensysteme --- Leistungskombination --- Gehäuseintegration --- Power-Combining --- On-Chip Integration --- Millimeterwellen --- Packaging Solutions --- Antenna Systems