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Alcohol is the sixth leading risk factor for disability and premature death all over the world, and one of the leading causes of premature mortality in western societies; it is a leading risk factor for death in young and middle-age males. Heavy drinking accounts for about two thirds of the burden of disease attributable to alcohol. In the early 1980s, screening and brief interventions (SBI) in primary health care settings were proposed as effective strategies to identify risky drinkers and to help them reduce their drinking. Since then, a growing body of evidence, including several meta-analysis and Cochrane reviews, has shown the efficacy and effectiveness of SBI in primary health settings. However, demonstrating the effectiveness of SBI has not been insufficient to facilitate its general implementation in the routines of primary health care physicians, and in fact the dissemination of SBI has proven to be a difficult business. Qualitative and quantitative research has identified most of the facilitators and barriers for its implementation, and publicly funded research has been earmarked to address the dissemination problems worldwide. Some examples are the World Health Organization Phase III and Phase IV studies on the identification and management of alcohol-related problems in primary care, EU funded projects (PHEPA, AMPHORA, ODHIN, BISTAIRS), the UK SIPS trials and the SBIRT developments sponsored by the Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) in the USA. The efficacy and effectiveness of SBI in primary health is now well established, but there are still some questions that remain unsolved: which practitioners should deliver them; what length should they be; is there a need for booster sessions; is there added value of a motivational approach? These questions, together with other relevant aspects of SBI, need ongoing research. In recent years, SBIs have been tested in settings other than primary health care, including hospitals, accident and emergency rooms, criminal justice, colleges and universities, social services and pharmacies. In some of those areas, the evidence is scarce (for example, pharmacies) while in others it is very promising (for example, students and hospitals). New technologies have also offered the possibility of online tools, and, in the last few years, different digital-based applications have been tested successfully as new ways to deliver effective SBIs to larger amounts of people. Brief interventions have also spread to drugs other than alcohol. This book aims to be an update of the state-of-the art of brief advice. It is a compilation of articles published by some of the most relevant researchers in the field in Frontiers in Psychiatry between 2014 and 2016.

brief intervention --- hazardous drinking --- brief advice --- Alcohol Drinking --- At-risk drinking

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In Teaching 'Proper' Drinking?, the author brings together three fields of scholarship: socio-historical studies of alcohol, Australian Indigenous policy history and social enterprise studies. The case studies in the book offer the first detailed surveys of efforts to teach responsible drinking practices to Aboriginal people by installing canteens in remote communities, and of the purchase of public hotels by Indigenous groups in attempts both to control sales of alcohol and to create social enterprises by redistributing profits for the community good. Ethnographies of the hotels are examined through the analytical lens of the Swedish 'Gothenburg' system of municipal hotel ownership. The research reveals that the community governance of such social enterprises is not purely a matter of good administration or compliance with the relevant liquor legislation. Their administration is imbued with the additional challenges posed by political contestation, both within and beyond the communities concerned.

Aboriginal Australians --- Drinking of alcoholic beverages --- Alcohol --- Alcohol use. --- Attitudes. --- Physiological effect. --- Social aspects. --- Drinking alcohol --- Grain alcohol --- Potable alcohol --- Intoxicants --- Alcoholism --- Alcohol consumption --- Alcohol drinking --- Alcohol use --- Alcoholic beverage consumption --- Consumption of alcoholic beverages --- Drinking problem --- Liquor problem --- Social drinking --- Physiological aspects --- Alcohols --- Alcoholic beverages --- Temperance --- social enterprises --- australian indigenous policy --- alcohol --- responsible drinking --- Fitzroy Crossing --- Western Australia --- Northern Territory --- Wadeye --- Substance use - Alcohol.

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Diet, physical activity, and body weight status (including body composition) are increasingly recognized as key factors that influence cancer across its continuum. Observational studies as well as basic research in cell culture and animal models provide evidence that several mononutrients and phytochemicals play a protective role either in hindering normal cells from transforming to precancerous lesions or in slowing the dysregulated cell growth that occurs in the later stages of disease. Similar evidence exists for physical activity and body habitus. As findings from these studies emerge, interventions are designed to ultimately test the impact of various dietary and exercise regimens directly on populations at risk – whether that be in individuals who are cancer-free but who may have increased risk due to family history, or in cancer survivors who are at risk for cancer progression or the occurrence of a new second malignancy. This book includes manuscripts that focus on diet, physical activity, and/or weight status in relation to cancer prevention and control, as well as symptom management. The order of articles follows the cancer continuum. The book begins with the role of diet and exercise in the primary prevention of cancer in both normal and high-risk individuals, and then focuses on preventing neoplastic progression in those who are newly diagnosed with the disease. Later chapters center on dietary and physical activity as key factors in cancer survivorship, and finally concluding with works attributing dietary and physical activity factors on cancer survival.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- chemoprevention --- colorectal cancer --- diet --- green leafy vegetables --- red meat --- 8-hydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine --- alcohol drinking --- sports --- golf --- motivation --- cancer prevention --- social hierarchy --- cancer survivors --- gardening --- vegetable --- horticultural therapy --- quality of life --- survivorship --- head and neck --- symptoms --- weight loss --- obesity --- retrospective study --- breast neoplasms --- neoplasm recurrence --- weight reduction program --- resistance training --- overweight --- adiposity --- caloric restriction --- biomarkers --- cancer --- nutritional epidemiology --- nutrition impact symptoms --- breast cancer --- weight loss maintenance --- lifestyle intervention --- HMW adiponectin --- leptin --- dietary patterns --- breast cancer survivors --- plant-based diet --- cancer survival --- recurrence --- lifestyle --- fasting --- nutrition --- exercise --- physical activity --- Internet --- dyads --- cardiovascular disease --- time-restricted eating --- time-restricted feeding --- intermittent fasting --- metabolic syndrome --- ketogenic --- adjuvant therapy --- dietary supplements --- interactions --- tamoxifen --- aromatase inhibitors --- natural medicine --- supportive care --- telehealth --- behavior change --- couples --- telehealth counseling --- eating physiology --- food intake regulation --- blood glucose --- metabolism --- weight management --- adherence --- n/a --- 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine

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Alcoholism --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Substance abuse --- Alcoolisme --- Polytoxicomanie --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Alcoholism. --- Substance abuse. --- Substance-Related Disorders. --- Substance Addiction --- Drug Abuse --- Drug Addiction --- Drug Dependence --- Drug Habituation --- Drug Use Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance-Induced --- Substance Abuse --- Substance Dependence --- Substance Use Disorders --- Abuse, Drug --- Abuse, Substance --- Abuses, Substance --- Addiction, Drug --- Addiction, Substance --- Dependence, Drug --- Dependence, Substance --- Disorder, Drug Use --- Disorder, Substance Use --- Drug Use Disorder --- Habituation, Drug --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance Induced --- Substance Abuses --- Substance Use Disorder --- Alcohol Addiction --- Alcohol Dependence --- Alcohol Abuse --- Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic --- Abuse, Alcohol --- Addiction, Alcohol --- Chronic Alcoholic Intoxication --- Dependence, Alcohol --- Intoxication, Chronic Alcoholic --- Abuse of substances --- Addictive behavior --- Chemical dependence --- Chemical dependency --- Substance addiction --- Substance dependence --- Substance-related disorders --- Substance use disorders --- Addiction to alcohol --- Alcohol abuse --- Alcohol intoxication --- Dipsomania --- Drinking problem --- Drunkenness --- Inebriety --- Intemperance --- Intoxication --- Jellinek's disease --- Liquor problem --- alcohol --- drug --- social --- research --- epidemiology --- Prescription Drug Abuse --- Abuse, Prescription Drug --- Drug Abuse, Prescription --- Drug and Narcotic Control --- Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders --- Psychoses, Alcoholic --- Social Problems --- Street Drugs --- Designer Drugs --- Behavior, Addictive --- Codependency (Psychology) --- Alcohol-Related Disorders --- Prescription Drug Misuse --- Alcohol Use Disorder --- Alcohol Use Disorders --- Use Disorder, Alcohol --- Use Disorders, Alcohol --- Blood Alcohol Content --- Alcohol Drinking --- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders --- Psychology, Pathological --- Temperance --- Controlled drinking --- Drinking of alcoholic beverages --- Illicit Drugs --- Codependency, Psychological --- Internal Medicine --- Chemical Dependence --- Substance Use --- Chemical Dependences --- Dependence, Chemical --- Dependences, Chemical --- Substance Uses --- Use, Substance --- Ethanol Abuse --- Abuse, Ethanol --- Substance Related Disorder --- Disorder, Substance Related --- Disorders, Substance Related --- Related Disorder, Substance --- Related Disorders, Substance --- Intoxication, Alcohol

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substance use disorders --- addiction --- drug dependence --- alcohol dependence --- cigarette smoking --- neuroscience of addiction --- Drug abuse --- Alcoholism --- Alcoholism. --- Toxicomanie --- Alcoolisme --- Alcoolisme. --- Toxicomanie. --- alcoholism. --- Drug abuse. --- Drug use --- Substance abuse --- Addiction to alcohol --- Alcohol abuse --- Alcohol intoxication --- Dipsomania --- Drinking problem --- Drunkenness --- Inebriety --- Intemperance --- Intoxication --- Jellinek's disease --- Liquor problem --- Temperance --- Controlled drinking --- Drinking of alcoholic beverages --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Alcohol Addiction --- Alcohol Dependence --- Alcohol Use Disorder --- Alcohol Abuse --- Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic --- Ethanol Abuse --- Abuse, Alcohol --- Abuse, Ethanol --- Addiction, Alcohol --- Alcohol Use Disorders --- Chronic Alcoholic Intoxication --- Dependence, Alcohol --- Intoxication, Chronic Alcoholic --- Use Disorders, Alcohol --- Blood Alcohol Content --- Alcohol Drinking --- Social Problems --- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders --- Prescription Drug Abuse --- Substance Addiction --- Chemical Dependence --- Drug Abuse --- Drug Addiction --- Drug Dependence --- Drug Habituation --- Drug Use Disorder --- Drug Use Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance-Induced --- Substance Abuse --- Substance Dependence --- Substance Related Disorder --- Substance Use --- Substance Use Disorder --- Substance Use Disorders --- Abuse, Drug --- Abuse, Prescription Drug --- Abuse, Substance --- Addiction, Drug --- Addiction, Substance --- Chemical Dependences --- Dependence, Chemical --- Dependence, Drug --- Dependence, Substance --- Dependences, Chemical --- Disorder, Drug Use --- Disorder, Substance Related --- Disorder, Substance Use --- Disorders, Substance Related --- Drug Abuse, Prescription --- Habituation, Drug --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance Induced --- Related Disorder, Substance --- Related Disorders, Substance --- Substance Abuses --- Substance Uses --- Use, Substance --- Drug and Narcotic Control --- Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders --- Psychoses, Alcoholic --- Illicit Drugs --- Designer Drugs --- Behavior, Addictive --- Codependency, Psychological --- Alcohol-Related Disorders --- Prescription Drug Misuse --- Intoxication, Alcohol