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This report uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey--Youth to examine the dynamics of the labor market experience of young people entering the labor market. The authors confirm the conventional wisdom that young people hold a large number of jobs. However, the authors' analysis shows that, by their early twenties, most young people have entered stable employment, defined as a job that will last one, two, or even three years. While there may be problems with the skills of labor market entrants, most young people are successfully finding jobs that yield long-term employment relations. The experience of the average youth, however, hides important subgroup differences. The results suggest that efforts to improve the school-to-work transition need to focus on those specific groups who fare worst in their early labor market career--most notably, high school dropouts.

Youth --- School-to-work transition --- Labor turnover --- Employment stabilization --- Employment

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This publication discusses the dimensions, significance, and policy implications of international flows of human resources in science and technology. The international mobility of highly skilled workers is increasing in scale and complexity as more economies participate in R&D and innovation activity. Mobile talent diffuses knowledge both directly and indirectly across borders. This can boost global innovation performance, with benefits accruing to both sending and receiving countries. It is clear that mobility is leading to an increasing level of labour-market internationalisation and integration, and competition for talent is now influencing innovation policy initiatives across the globe. Most countries offer a range of policies focused on assisting and encouraging mobility, although few have a specific and coherent mobility strategy. Many nations aim to attract the same pool of highly skilled talent; thus, relying on international flows to fill existing or future gaps in supply may entail risks. Addressing shortcomings in national policies that may limit domestic supply of skilled workers, and ensuring that the wider environment for innovation and scientific endeavour is sound, are key policy challenges for countries.

Employees. --- Labor mobility. --- Skilled labor. --- Labor mobility --- Skilled labor --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Mobility, Labor --- Labor --- Migration, Internal --- Labor supply --- Labor turnover

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"Selecting recruits who will complete their term of enlistment is very important for both maintaining Army readiness and minimizing cost. This report describes a recruit selection tool that estimates prospective outcomes and costs for different combinations of recruits' cognitive, noncognitive, demographic, physical, and behavioral attributes. The tool assesses the effects of multiple, simultaneous changes in the selection of prospects on losses during the first term, on the incidence of certain adverse personnel actions, and on specific reasons for early separation from the Army. This enables the Army to identify potential changes to selection of youth based on a variety of attributes in order to expand supply smartly or to decrease the rates of targeted adverse outcomes, and to strategically examine trade-offs in outcomes and costs associated with changes in the characteristics of the recruit cohort."--Publisher's description

Recruiting and enlistment --- Labor turnover --- Employment stabilization --- Recrutement des armées --- Emploi --- Methodology. --- Prevention. --- Méthodologie. --- Stabilisation --- United States. --- Recruiting, enlistment, etc. --- Evaluation.

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"Today, increases of so-called ‘low-skilled’ and temporary labour migrations of Pacific Islanders to Australia occur alongside calls for Indigenous people to ‘orbit’ from remote communities in search of employment opportunities. These trends reflect the persistent neoliberalism within contemporary Australia, as well as the effects of structural dynamics within the global agriculture and resource extractive industries. They also unfold within the context of long and troubled histories of Australian colonialism, and of complexes of race, labour and mobility that reverberate through that history and into the present. The contemporary labour of Pacific Islanders in the horticultural industry has sinister historical echoes in the ‘blackbirding’ of South Sea Islanders to work on sugar plantations in New South Wales and Queensland in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as in wider patterns of labour, trade and colonisation across the Pacific region. The antecedents of contemporary Indigenous labour mobility, meanwhile, include forms of unwaged and highly exploitative labouring on government settlements, missions, pastoral stations and in the pearling industry. For both Pacific Islanders and Indigenous people, though, labour mobilities past and present also include agentive and purposeful migrations, reflective of rich cultures and histories of mobility, as well as of forces that compel both movement and immobility.Drawing together historians, anthropologists, sociologists and geographers, this book critically explores experiences of labour mobility by Indigenous peoples and Pacific Islanders, including Māori, within Australia. Locating these new expressions of labour mobility within historical patterns of movement, contributors interrogate the contours and continuities of Australian coloniality in its diverse and interconnected expressions."

Pacific Islanders --- Indigenous people --- Labor mobility --- Mobility, Labor --- Migration, Internal --- Labor supply --- Labor turnover --- Oceanians --- Ethnology --- Indigenous peoples --- work --- labour --- migration --- Australia --- Pacific --- Indigenous peoples - Pacific. --- Employment - Conditions - Slavery and indentured labour. --- Employment - Conditions - Wages - Stolen wages.

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This volume of the latest research in European migration embraces a continent-wide outlook on migration processes and accounts particularly from Southern and Eastern European perspectives. This is accomplished by analyzing the long-term transition that countries undergo from net emigration to net immigration, as well as developments in their migrant inflows, integration, and policy. The mix of authors' representing several academic centers across Europe yet pursuing a common vision of European migration past, present, and future' utilize new empirical evidence, specially designed and collected.'

Emigration and immigration. --- Europe -- Emigration and immigration -- Government policy. --- Europe -- Emigration and immigration. --- Labor mobility -- Europe. --- Labor mobility --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Immigration & Emigration --- Europe --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Emigration and immigration --- Government policy. --- Mobility, Labor --- Migration, Internal --- Labor supply --- Labor turnover