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National Guard Youth ChalleNGe is a residential, quasi-military program for young people ages 16 to 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. This report covers the program years 2020-2021 and is the sixth in a series of annual reports that RAND Corporation researchers have issued over the course of two research projects. Each annual report supports the program's required annual report to Congress and documents the progress of participants who entered ChalleNGe during specific program years. In this report, the authors provide information on program participants in 2020-2021. The report also describes analyses in support of the Job ChalleNGe program. The analytic approach includes a synthesis of the existing literature, qualitative data collected from virtual site visits and interviews, and quantitative program data. Caveats to be considered include some documented inconsistencies in reported data across sites and the short-run nature of many of the metrics reported here. This report will be of interest to ChalleNGe program staff and to personnel providing oversight for the program; it may also be of interest to policymakers and researchers concerned with designing effective youth programs or determining appropriate metrics by which to track progress in youth programs.

High school dropouts --- Military education --- Residence and education --- Alternative schools --- Services for. --- Evaluation.

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The National Guard Youth Challenge (ChalleNGe) program serves young people who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school through a quasi-military, 5.5-month residential program. The RAND Corporation's ongoing analyses of the ChalleNGe program are designed to meet multiple objectives. The first is to gather and analyze existing data from each ChalleNGe site to support the program's yearly report to Congress. To that end, the authors of this report document the progress of program participants (or "cadets") in 2019 and 2020. Participation in the ChalleNGe program remains strong; nearly 13,000 young people entered the ChalleNGe program during 2019, and over 9,500 of those graduated. Among graduates, the vast majority left the program with a recognized credential or with credits toward high school graduation. ChalleNGe is a well-established program with sites in the majority of states, but given the relatively short duration of the residential portion, the program provides limited career and technical training. In recent years, Job ChalleNGe programs have been established at six sites. Job ChalleNGe builds on the ChalleNGe model by providing additional training to ChalleNGe graduates. Job ChalleNGe provides this training through a 5.5-month residential program that focuses on developing career and technical skills. The authors of this report provide initial implementation findings in this document and include a summary of planned future analyses to support ChalleNGe and Job ChalleNGe. Additionally, the authors examine some of the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on both programs.

High school dropouts --- Military education --- Residence and education --- Alternative schools --- Services for. --- Evaluation. --- National Guard Youth Challenge Program (U.S.) --- United States.

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The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for youth ages 16 to 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. This report covers the program years 2018–2019 and is the fourth in a series of annual reports that RAND Corporation researchers have issued over the course of a research project spanning September 2016 to June 2020. Each annual report documents the progress of participants who entered ChalleNGe during specific program years and then completed the program. A focus of the ongoing analysis of the ChalleNGe program is collecting data in a consistent manner. Based on these data, each report also includes a trend analysis. In this report, researchers provide information in support of the National Guard Youth ChalleNGe Program's required annual report to Congress. In addition to information on participants who entered the ChalleNGe program and completed it in 2018, the authors include follow-up information on those who entered the program and completed it in 2017. Finally, they describe and provide syntheses of other ongoing research efforts to support the ChalleNGe program. Methods used in this study include site visits, collection and analyses of quantitative and qualitative data, literature reviews, and development of tools to assist in improving all program metrics — for example, a program logic model. Caveats to be considered include some documented inconsistencies in reported data across sites, a focus on those who completed the program and not on all participants, and the short-run nature of many of the metrics reported.

Alternative schools --- High school dropouts --- Military education --- Evaluation. --- Services for. --- Evaluation. --- United States. --- National Guard Youth Challenge Program (U.S.) --- National Guard Youth Challenge Program (U.S.) --- United States. --- Training of --- Evaluation. --- Evaluation. --- United States.

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Improving the quality of, and access to, early childhood education and care has become a major policy priority in OECD Member countries. The early years are increasingly viewed as the first step in lifelong learning and a key component of a successful educational, social, and family policy agenda. Countries have adopted diverse strategies to policy development in this field - strategies which are deeply embedded in particular country contexts, values, and beliefs. In particular, early childhood policy and provision are strongly linked to cultural and social beliefs about young children, the roles of families and government, and the purposes of early childhood education and care within and across countries. Yet, countries share many similar challenges and issues. Taking a broader and more holistic approach than previous studies, this book provides a comparative analysis of major policy developments and issues in 12 OECD countries, highlights innovative approaches, and proposes policy options that can be adapted to varied country contexts. What are the most promising strategies for organising policy in ways which promote child and family well-being? Looking towards the future, the report proposes eight key elements of successful policy for decision makers seeking to promote equitable access to quality early childhood education and care.

Didactic evaluation --- High school dropouts. --- Motivation in education. --- School attendance. --- Students --- Attitudes. --- Education, Preschool --- Government policy --- Government policy. --- Children --- Infant education --- Prekindergarten --- Preschool education --- Early childhood education --- Nursery schools --- Education (Preschool) --- High school dropouts --- Motivation in education --- School attendance --- OESO / OCDE / OECD 339.92OECD --- Onderwijs 37 --- Onderwijsbeleid 37.014 --- Absence from school --- Attendance, School --- Student attendance --- Truancy (Schools) --- School management and organization --- Academic motivation --- Academic achievement --- Learning, Psychology of --- Motivation (Psychology) --- Secondary school dropouts --- Dropouts --- High school students --- Attitudes --- Elèves --- Motivation en éducation --- Psychology --- Psychologie --- Programme for International Student Assessment

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The world of work is changing as a result of technological progress, globalisation and population ageing. The future of work holds many opportunities, but also presents distinct risks which tend to be greater for some population sub-groups, including low-educated workers. This report documents how the labour market for low-educated workers in Belgium has evolved in recent years and what the future might hold for them in terms of both job quality and quantity.

Labor market --- Unskilled labor --- High school graduates --- High school dropouts --- Labor policy --- Employment --- Laborers --- Low-skilled labor --- Low-skilled workers --- Labor --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- State and labor --- Economic policy --- Secondary school dropouts --- Dropouts --- High school students --- Graduates, High school --- High schools --- Supply and demand --- Government policy --- Alumni and alumnae