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What is the "clash of civilizations"? What are us-group constructions? What is the West? This critical discourse analysis informed by cognitive linguistics answers these questions in detail using a data set comprising more than 100,000 German-language print media articles. It presents highly relevant findings on the use of "we" and "us," as well as on the media production of large social groups and political and cultural global conflicts. Der Band präsentiert eine korpusbasierte, kognitionslinguistisch informierte, kritische Diskursanalyse zur sprachlichen Konstruktion von sozialen Großeinheiten wie Kollektiven und Eigen-Gruppen. Insbesondere die Rolle ?des Westens? im sogenannten ?Kampf der Kulturen? in deutschsprachigen Printmedien wird detailliert herausgearbeitet. Präzise analysiert wird der vielfältige Gebrauch des Personalpronomens ?Wir?. Die Datengrundlage der qualitative und quantitative Zugänge verbindenden repräsentativen Untersuchung bilden mehr als 100.000 Pressetexte deutschsprachiger Zeitschriften und Zeitungen, die in einem Zeitraum von 1993 bis 2019 erschienen sind. Mit ihrem interdisziplinären Zugriff richtet sich die Untersuchung nicht nur an ein linguistisches Fachpublikum, sondern an alle, die in sozialwissenschaftlicher und philosophischer Perspektive an dem komplexen Zusammenhang von Sprache und sozialen Konstruktionen, Diskurs und Identität, Medien und Kollektivität interessiert sind. Die Untersuchung liefert hierzu hochrelevante, korpuslinguistisch fundierte neue Forschungsergebnisse und innovative Terminologien.
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"Communicative interactions in international negotiations on cultural property not only provide information about the emergence and proliferation of arguments, rhetorics, and registers, but also permit valuable insights into actors' positions, strategies and alliances. They significantly influence local and national practices and views related to cultural property debates. What can be gained from a deep analysis of the communicative patterns and strategies that actors engage in - the entailing text and talk of negotiations - is a better understanding of the process itself: how do different actors argue, what kind of strategies and rhetorics do they use, to which instruments and institutions do they refer, and in what way do actors react to each other? An analysis of communicative interactions contributes to the question of how international negotiations work. The analytic inclusion of sociolinguistic practices allows insights into positions, strategies, and perspectives pertaining to cultural property. By looking at not only what actors say, but also at how and in what contexts they do so, it is possible to make more accurate statements about their positions and perceptions in cultural property debates. As these communicative interactions influence outcomes considerably, an approach from linguistic anthropology is not only beneficial for an understanding of specific negotiations, but also for the analysis of broader cultural property issues"--Provided by publisher.
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Wissenschaftliche Texte sind durch unterschiedliche Bildungstraditionen und Schreibkulturen geprägt, die sich unter anderem in verschiedenen Schreibkonventionen und Formulierungsroutinen ausdrücken. Die Beiträge in diesem Band zeigen anhand detaillierter empirischer Analysen von Texten, die Wissenschaftler und Studierende verfasst haben, Merkmale und Unterschiede verschiedener Wissenschaftssprachen auf. Sie machen auf die Hürden und Schwierigkeiten aufmerksam, denen Studierende beim Verfassen von Arbeiten in der Fremdsprache Deutsch begegnen, woraus sich didaktische Implikationen ergeben. Berücksichtigt werden bislang teilweise weniger beachtete Herkunftssprachen wie das Polnische, Russische, Italienische und Chinesische.
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Este livro estuda os discursos caracterizados pela dissonância, mais especificamente, a ironia, a paródia e o riso. Foram privilegiadas as teorias de Schopenhauer, Baudelaire e Jean Paul, já que são estudos que proporcionam uma aproximação estrutural e filosófica entre os fenômenos do riso e os discursos irônicos e paródicos. Desse modo, tal qual a ironia e a paródia, esse riso é também fruto de uma dissonância, que instaura, ao invés da certeza, a possibilidade, em lugar do uníssono, o ambivalente. O estudo dos significativos pontos de contato entre a ironia, a paródia e o riso legitima a relevância do sujeito na decodificação desses discursos caracterizados pela ambigüidade. Para a sua análise a autora analisou os textos: "O homem duplicado" (2002), de José Saramago, "O cavaleiro inexistente" (1959), de Ítalo Calvino, e "O duplo" (1846), de Dostoievski. A seleção das obras guiou-se pela estrutura dissonante dessas narrativas, nas quais se encontram muitas e variadas aplicações estéticas da ironia, da paródia e do riso.
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This groundbreaking book challenges the disciplinary boundaries that have traditionally separated scientific inquiry from literary inquiry. It explores scientific knowledge in three subject areas-the natural history of aging, literary narrative, and psychoanalysis. In the authors' view, the different perspectives on cognition afforded by Anglo-American cognitive science, Greimassian semiotics, and Lacanian psychoanalysis help us to redefine our very notion of culture. Part I historically situates the concepts of meaning and truth in twentieth-century semiotic theory and cognitive science. Part II contrasts the modes of Freudian case history to the general instance of Einstein's relativity theory and then sets forth a rhetoric of narrative based on the discourse of the aged. Part III examines in the context of literary studies an interdisciplinary concept of cultural cognition. Culture and Cognition will be essential reading for literary theorists, historians and philosophers of science; semioticians; and scholars and students of cultural studies, the sociology of literature, and science and literature.
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"This book approaches persuasion in public discourse as a rhetorical phenomenon that enables the persuader to appeal to the addressee's intellectual and emotional capacities in a competing public environment. The aim is to investigate persuasive strategies from the overlapping perspectives of cognitive and functional linguistics. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of authentic data (including English, Czech, Spanish, Slovene, Russian, and Hungarian) are grounded in the frameworks of functional grammar, facework and rapport management, classical rhetoric studies and multimodal discourse analysis and are linked to the constructs of (re)framing, conceptual metaphor and blending, mental space and viewpoint. In addition to traditional genres such as political speeches, news reporting, and advertising, the book also studies texts that examine book reviews, medieval medical recipes, public complaints or anonymous viral videos. Apart from discourse analysts, pragmaticians and cognitive linguists, the intended readership includes cognitive musicologists, semioticians, historical linguists or scholars of neighbouring disciplines"--
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Cet ouvrage fournit une description de l'expression de la sous-détermination référentielle par les désignateurs vagues en français. La sous-détermination référentielle est couramment attestée dans différents genres de discours, en particulier à l'oral non planifié (par exemple au moyen des expressions « ça/ce », « tout ça », « ils » non introduit, etc.). A partir d'une collection de données authentiques de sources diversifiées, l'auteur met en évidence les circonstances d'apparition des expressions vagues et présente une gamme de stratégies discursives auxquelles celles-ci répondent pour les besoins de la communication. Cet examen permet de dégager les conséquences théoriques de la prise en compte de ce vague référentiel, questionnant les limites des postulats d'identification ou de reprise textuelle bien implantés dans les théories sémantiques et les grammaires.
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This book deals with discursive aspects of specialised communication, looking in particular at the role and scope of language and discourse in professional practice across a variety of fields and modes. Its chapters are diverse in their outlooks, analytical procedures, and object of enquiry, and span across different specialised domains, settings, genres, and media (from face-to-face communication to television, from traditional websites to social networking sites). In broad terms, they are all set in a discourse-analytical framework and share the ultimate purpose of providing new insights into the evolution of discourse practices used by professionals in a variety of specialised genres at a time characterised by rapid scientific and dramatic technological advances accompanied by important societal, sociotechnical and cultural transformations. Professional and workplace routines and procedures are embedded in a dense network of discursive practices, which both determine and reflect professional roles, knowledge, expertise, positions and tasks at any given moment in time. Thus, when experts communicate with the general public, a display of competence in the specialised register of the relevant domain is of the essence. This need for discursive competence, in addition to professional expertise, is generally acknowledged also in education and training. The essays gathered in this volume bear out this view, and collectively aim to contribute to the discursive study of professional practices by providing insights into the multiple ways in which discourse partakes of them.
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