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This paper provides a detailed description of health coverage in OECD countries in 2012. It includesinformation on the organisation of health coverage (residence-based vs contributory systems), on the rangeof benefits covered by basic health coverage and on cost-sharing requirements. It also describes policiesimplemented to ensure universal health coverage –in most countries- and to limit user charges forvulnerable populations or people exposed to high health spending. The paper then describes the role playedby voluntary health insurance as a secondary source of coverage. Combining qualitative informationcollected through a survey of OECD countries on benefits covered and cost-sharing requirements withspending data collected through the system of health accounts for 2012, this paper provides valuableinformation on health care coverage in OECD countries at a time universal health coverage is high on thepolicy agenda of many countries.