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The recovery of solid wastes for the preparation of innovative composite materials not only represents an economic advantage, but also offers an ecological opportunity for the utilization of by-products which would otherwise be landfilled. Specifically, the reuse and recycling of waste lead to important savings of raw materials and energy, since these by-products, generally deriv from agricultural or industrial activities, are abundant in nature. Moreover, a reduction of the environmental and related sanitary impacts can be also achieved. For this reason, a recycling operation is fundamental for the improvement of the environmental sustainability, because these secondary raw materials become a resource that can be easily reused without the modification of the peculiar characteristics, in order to obtain new and performing composites, with a low specific weight, high durability, and long life cycle.

Radioactive soil waste --- Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore --- SHS --- CeO2 --- Immobilization --- cementitious grout --- green grout --- cement --- slag substitution --- valorization --- circular economy --- cellulose aerogel --- oil absorbent --- cellulose --- white bamboo fibril --- water pollution --- natural rubber --- nanosilica --- mechanical property --- fertilizer plant --- hexafluorosilicic acid --- waste water --- cement composites --- recycled waste porous glass --- end-of-life tyre rubber --- safe production --- thermal insulation --- mechanical resistance --- render --- cement and cement-lime reinforced mortars --- natural fiber --- sheep’s wool --- sustainability --- chitosan film --- emerging pollutants --- ketoprofen --- food waste --- adsorption --- recycle --- recycled expanded polystyrene --- cement mortars --- eggshell --- Direct Blue 78 --- kinetics --- isotherms --- pulsed light --- fiber reinforced --- cementless composites --- microscopic property --- co-fired fly ash --- green materials --- biochar --- wheat straw --- sorbent --- cobalt --- copper --- soil --- n/a --- sheep's wool