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The central theme of this book is ecological and territorialist conversion as a strategic response to the crisis. 'The return to the territory' can be conceived as a valorisation of the common heritage of assets (environmental, urban fabric, landscape, socio-cultural) that mould the identity and lifestyles of every place on the earth. This calls for several issues to be addressed: the fusing of fragmented knowledge into a science of the territory that addresses the problems of socio-territorial and environmental decay in an integrated manner; the definition of new markers and policies of public welfare and happiness, including the landscape as a measure of the quality of peoples' life-worlds; the boosting of tools of local democracy and supportive federalism; the restoration of centrality to the rural world in the production of healthy food, hydro-geological protection measures, ecological reclamation, urban and landscape quality and integrated economies.

Community development, Urban.

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Early in the 80’s date the first observations on the existence of hormonal steroids that may be synthesized and act in the nervous system. In order to refer to these endogenous steroids, proved important to control both central and peripheral nervous system, it was proposed the term “neurosteroids” (NSs). Over the years, their importance in regulating the physiological functions of neuronal and glial cells increased progressively. These steroids can be involved in several pathophysiological conditions such as depression, anxiety, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease. Among the different classes of NSs, the progestagens revealed particularly important. The progesterone metabolite 5α-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one, also named tetrahydroprogesterone or allopregnanolone (ALLO) was one of the first most important steroid that was originally shown to act as neurosteroid. ALLO is synthesized through the action of the 5αR-3α-HSD, which converts P into DHP and subsequently, via a bidirectional reaction, into ALLO. NSs exert complex effects in the nervous system through ‘classic’, genomic, and ‘non-classic’, non-genomic actions. ALLO displays a rapid ‘non-genomic’ effect, which mainly involves the potent modulation of the GABA type A (GABA-A) receptor function. Recently a membrane receptor has been identified as target for ALLO effects, i.e. the membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) that are able to activate a signalling cascade through G protein dependent mechanisms. By these ways, ALLO is able to modulate several cell functions, acting as neurogenic molecule on neural progenitor cells, as well as by activating proliferation and differentiation of glial cells in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this topic, we review the most recent acquisitions in the field of neurosteroids, focusing our attention on ALLO because its effects on the physiology of neurons and glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous system are intriguing and could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for neuroprotection and/or regeneration of injured nervous tissues and for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Biochemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- ganaxolone --- Non genomic action --- neurodegenerative disease --- Pain --- GABA A receptor --- Membrane progesterone receptor --- Tetrahydroprogesterone --- PKC epsilon --- neurosteroid --- neuropsychiatric disorder

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Eco-territorialism is the mature definition of the long scientific research/action path that the Italian territorialist school started in the 1990s, putting the territory and its patrimonialisation at the centre of the alternatives to processes of deterritorialisation and homologising urbanisation of the planet enacted by the economic-financial globalisation. The founding in 2011 of the Territorialist Society has strengthened the multidisciplinary nature of the approach and its operational component with the 'urban bioregion' tool. The 'eco' prefix denotes the priority given to the ecological question, to the relationships between human and non-human, living and non-living, in the regeneration processes of the world's places we are trying to activate.

Social sciences --- Philosophy.