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This book constitutes a collaborative and selected documentation of the scientific outcome of the European COST Action IS0605 Econ@Tel "A Telecommunications Economics COST Network" which run from October 2007 to October 2011. Involving experts from around 20 European countries, the goal of Econ@Tel was to develop a strategic research and training network among key people and organizations in order to enhance Europe's competence in the field of telecommunications economics. Reflecting the organization of the COST Action IS0605 Econ@Tel in working groups the following four major research areas are addressed: - evolution and regulation of communication ecosystems; - social and policy implications of communication technologies; - economics and governance of future networks; - future networks management architectures and mechanisms.
Telecommunication systems --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Telecommunications --- Economic aspects --- Information Technology --- Computer Science (Hardware & Networks) --- Data transmission systems --- Economic aspects. --- Data communication systems --- Transmission of data --- Communication systems --- Communications systems --- Systems, Communication --- Computer science. --- Computer communication systems. --- Computers and civilization. --- Management information systems. --- Electrical engineering. --- Computer Science. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- Computers and Society. --- Management of Computing and Information Systems. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Computer-based information systems --- EIS (Information systems) --- Executive information systems --- MIS (Information systems) --- Sociotechnical systems --- Information resources management --- Management --- Civilization and computers --- Civilization --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Electronic data processing --- Network computers --- Informatics --- Science --- Distributed processing --- Information theory --- Telecommunication. --- Information Systems. --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Communication --- Telecommuting --- computer communications --- mobile communications --- network architectures --- network economics --- network management --- networking --- telecommunication regulation --- Computer networks.
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For centuries, scientists have been fascinated by the role of the Sun in the Earth's climate system. Recent discoveries, outlined in this book, have gradually unveiled a complex picture, in which our variable Sun affects the climate variability via a number of subtle pathways, the implications of which are only now becoming clear. This handbook provides the scientifically curious, from undergraduate students to policy makers with a complete and accessible panorama of our present understanding of the Sun-climate connection. 61 experts from different communities have contributed to it, which reflects the highly multidisciplinary nature of this topic. The handbook is organised as a mosaic of short chapters, each of which addresses a specific aspect, and can be read independently. The reader will learn about the assumptions, the data, the models, and the unknowns behind each mechanism by which solar variability may impact climate variability. None of these mechanisms can adequately explain global warming observed since the 1950s. However, several of them do impact climate variability, in particular on a regional level. This handbook aims at addressing these issues in a factual way, and thereby challenge the reader to sharpen his/her critical thinking in a debate that is frequently distorted by unfounded claims.
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Judge Your Practices Against This Benchmark Manual COST Action B-24 established four working groups to research and discuss issues relevant to laboratory animal science. These included the housing of animals, environmental needs, refinement of procedures, genetically modified animals, and cost-benefit analysis. Based on the groups’ findings, The COST Manual of Laboratory Animal Care and Use: Refinement, Reduction, and Research provides a consensual European view of best practices for individuals and institutions caring for and working with laboratory animals.
Laboratory animals --- Animals, Experimental --- Animals, Laboratory --- Animals in research --- Experimental animals --- Lab animals --- Animal culture --- Laboratory organisms --- Working animals --- Animal experimentation --- Laboratory animals - Laboratory manuals --- Animals, Laboratory - laboratory manuals --- Animal Welfare - laboratory manuals --- Clincal Laboratory Techniques - veterinary - laboratory manuals --- Animal Welfare --- Clincal Laboratory Techniques
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Over the past twenty years, National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) have moved from the periphery to the centre of the human rights debate. The potential of NHRIs to transmit and implement international norms at the domestic level, and to transfer human rights expertise to regional and global human rights fora, is increasingly recognised. In Europe, the continent with the widest variety and density of human rights protection mechanisms, NHRIs are also gradually gaining recognition as actors that can enable more comprehensive and effective human rights promotion and protection. This book, the result of a COST conference held in Leuven in April 2012, focuses on the functioning and role of NHRIs in Europe in a comparative, European and international perspective. At a time when the European Union is looking for a more coherent and strategic human rights policy, it is important that policy makers and academics pay more attention to the potential role of NHRIs. By bringing together contributions from academics and practitioners, this volume offers insights into the opportunities and challenges that accompany the increasing emergence of NHRIs in Europe and their proliferation on the multiple levels of human rights promotion and protection. Accordingly, this volume aims to inform and further trigger the NHRI debate in Europe.
Comparative law --- Human rights --- Europe --- National human rights institutions --- Human rights. --- Institutions nationales des droits de l'homme --- Droits de l'homme (Droit international) --- Human Rights --- Droit international --- Droits de l'homme (droit européen) --- 342.7 <4> --- Grondwettelijke rechten en vrijheden. Fundamentele rechten--Europa --- 342.7 <4> Grondwettelijke rechten en vrijheden. Fundamentele rechten--Europa --- 180.1 Kinderrechten - Internationaal --- Droit international. --- National human rights institutions - Europe --- Danemark --- Pologne --- Pays-Bas --- Belgique
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