Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book, “Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests”, covers a broad range of relevant and interesting topics related to deep geological disposal of nuclear fuels and radioactive waste. Most countries that generate nuclear power have developed radioactive waste management programmes during the last 50 years to emplace long-lived and/or high-level radioactive wastes in a deep underground repository in a suitably chosen host rock formation. The aim is to remove these wastes from the human environment. If a site is properly chosen, a repository system comprising both natural and engineered barriers would provide a high level of protection from the toxic effects of the waste.The 17 papers published in this Special Issue show that bentonites and clayrocks are an essential component of the multi-barrier system ensuring the long-term safety of the final disposal of nuclear waste. The efficiency of such engineered and natural clay barriers relies on their physical and chemical confinement properties, which should be preserved in the long-term.

calcium bentonite --- gel --- swelling --- water uptake --- ESEM --- EDXA --- surface area --- XRD --- radioactive waste disposal --- cement–clay interaction --- bentonite --- cementitious materials --- alteration --- alkaline conditions --- radioactive waste --- cement-clay interaction --- OPC --- LAC --- alkaline leachate --- cement—clay interaction --- diffusion --- dual porosity --- electrostatic effects --- reactive transport modelling --- near field --- radioactive waste repository --- low-pH cement --- technical barrier --- Äspö --- ABM-test --- smectite alteration --- swelling pressure --- permeability --- hydraulic gradient --- engineered barriers --- geological repository --- selenium reduction --- sorption --- Opalinus Clay --- in situ --- batch tests --- smectite --- crystal structure --- water in the smectite interlayer --- mineralogical changes --- thermal treatment --- BET --- swell index --- liquid limit --- water retention curves --- iron --- in situ experiment --- interface --- layer charge --- metal substitution --- SEM–EDS --- microbial diversity --- organic supplements --- magnesium bentonite --- thermal loading --- montmorillonite content --- thermal analysis with evolved gas analysis --- cation exchange capacity --- specific surface area --- saturated hydraulic conductivity --- microbial survivability --- HLRW --- ABM test --- SEM-EDX --- repository --- high temperatures --- ordinary Portland cement --- mudstone --- sequential flow experiment --- reactive-transport modelling --- anion distribution --- CEC --- exchangeable cations --- hydration --- MiniSandwich --- sandwich sealing system --- solute transport --- waste repositories --- water content --- Milos --- interlayers --- iron–bentonite interaction --- reactive transport --- numerical model --- bentonites --- smectites --- pore water chemistry --- mineralogy --- cation exchange --- ABM experiment --- large-scale tests --- n/a --- Äspö --- SEM-EDS --- iron-bentonite interaction

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Since the first works introducing the aluminum intercalated clay family in the early 1970s, interest in the synthesis of Pillared InterLayered Clays (PILC) has increased tremendously, especially research into their properties and energetic and environmental applications. After our comprehensive reviews and book on the synthesis and catalytic applications of these materials, new references have appeared in the literature and the interest in this field is continuously increasing. The aim of this Special Issue is to collect the recent advances developed considering this family of solids.

clays --- Al-PILC --- pillared clays --- scale up --- pillaring solution --- Keggin ion --- reutilization --- Keggin polycation --- concentrated media --- microwave radiation --- pillared montmorillonite --- AlNi-PILC --- Pd-Ce --- catalytic combustion --- benzene --- TPD/TPSR --- ZnO-TiO2/delaminated montmorillonite --- heterostructures --- Ag-coating --- solar photocatalytic activity --- water purification --- cadmium --- chitosan --- modification --- 13X molecular sieve --- removal --- dye remediation --- adsorption --- azo dye --- wastewater --- pillared porous phosphate heterostructures --- isotherm --- sericite --- thermal modification --- acid activation --- sodium modification --- montmorillonite/hydrotalcite composite --- montmorillonite/titania composite --- organoclay --- inverse micelle --- Mn-Al mixed oxide --- combustion catalysts --- ciprofloxacin --- smectite --- pillared clay --- keggin-like mixed Al/Fe polyoxocation --- mineralogical composition --- catalytic wet peroxide oxidation --- mesosilica --- methyl orange --- palygorskite

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Various scientific events are being held around the world under the auspices of this landmark event, the Year of Mineralogy, and it is highly satisfying that this Special Issue “Mineralogical Crystallography Volume II” is published in 2022. The first volume of the “Mineralogical Crystallography” Special Issue [1] consisted of such topics as: Discovery of new mineral species; Crystal chemistry of minerals and their synthetic analogs; Behavior of minerals at non-ambient conditions; Biomineralogy; and Crystal growth techniques, and appeared to be very fruitful. The Special Issue “Mineralogical Crystallography Volume II” covers the following topics: Crystal chemistry and properties of minerals and their synthetic analogs; Gemology; Natural-based cement materials; Biomineralogy; and Crystal growth techniques. Additionally, we hope that this continuation will be just as successful, and that the new set of papers will again arouse genuine interest among readers and, perhaps, inspire them in their own successful research. We also believe that with the current collection of papers, we will be able to pay tribute to the union of Mineralogy and Crystallography.

Research & information: general --- uranyl --- carbonate --- mineral --- crystal structure --- topology --- structural complexity --- bentonite --- mordenite --- smectite --- pozzolanicity test --- cement --- concrete --- shchurovskyite --- synthesis --- X-ray diffraction --- oxocentered tetrahedra --- Barite --- hydrothermal synthesis --- typomorphic characteristics --- in-situ mixing solutions at high temperature --- high iron and quartz contents coal gangue --- acid leaching --- alkali melting --- hydrothermal reaction --- NaA zeolite --- fluorite --- pozzolan --- mortar --- mechanical strength --- reduction of CO2 emissions --- hydroxyapatite composite --- spinel --- beverage cans --- bovine bones --- lorenzenite --- perovskite --- loparite --- titanite --- apatite --- carbonates --- Khibiny --- Lovozero --- Kovdor --- Afrikanda --- alkaline intrusions --- NF Fennoscandia --- glass-ceramics --- phase separation --- nucleation --- crystallization --- microstructure --- gahnite --- gold nanoparticles --- surface plasmon resonance --- plasmonics --- ivanyukite --- lintisite --- SIV --- AM-4 --- sorption --- lead --- ion-exchange --- titanosilicate --- Arctic --- channel-water --- X-ray fluorescence --- infrared spectroscopy --- UV–vis spectroscopy --- transition metal ions --- self-healing concrete --- calcium nitrate --- mineralization reaction --- cracks --- near-infrared spectroscopy --- kaolinite --- dickite --- OH group --- forsterite --- boron --- spectroscopy --- orthoclase crystal --- ultra-microchannel --- water --- feldspar alteration --- sericitization --- gemological --- mineralogical --- greenish blue apatite --- fluorapatite --- n/a --- UV-vis spectroscopy

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Demand for advanced X-ray scattering techniques has increased tremendously in recent years with the development of new functional materials. These characterizations have a huge impact on evaluating the microstructure and structure–property relation in functional materials. Thanks to its non-destructive character and adaptability to various environments, the X-ray is a powerful tool, being irreplaceable for novel in situ and operando studies. This book is dedicated to the latest advances in X-ray diffraction using both synchrotron radiation as well as laboratory sources for analyzing the microstructure and morphology in a broad range (organic, inorganic, hybrid, etc.) of functional materials.

lead-free ceramic --- sol–gel process --- barium zirconate titanate --- dielectric property --- conjugated polymer and blends --- in situ GIXD --- additive --- structure --- strain --- X-ray diffraction --- piezoelectric properties --- lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) --- zeolite-W --- cation form --- synchrotron X-ray diffraction --- Rietveld refinement --- high-pressure --- smectite --- bulk moduli --- anhydrous and hydrous environments --- synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction --- pressure-transmitting media --- metallic composites --- Ni --- Ni-W alloys --- silver-exchanged natrolite --- pressure-induced insertion --- high energy-density materials --- high pressure and temperature --- Raman spectroscopy --- ammonium azide --- polynitrogen compounds --- superalloys --- low-angle boundaries --- X-ray topography --- turbine blades --- crystal growth --- nano-perovskite (CaTiO3) --- Young’s modulus --- ultrasonic-pulse echo --- planar density --- residual stress --- laser cavitation peening --- pulse laser --- wedge-shaped amphiphile --- double gyroid phase --- grazing-incidence X-ray scattering --- environmental atomic force microscopy --- vapor annealing --- Williamson-Hall (W-H) --- uniform stress deformation model (USDM) --- hydroxyapatite --- ultrasonic pulse-echo --- thermoplastic polyurethane ureas --- shape memory materials --- synchrotron SAXS/WAXS --- polymer deformation --- lamellar morphology --- poly-ε-caprolactone --- poly(1,4-butylene adipate)