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Many heterogeneous causes (e.g., metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, vascular, and renal diseases, and even drugs), collectively grouped as secondary causes of osteoporosis, may lead to bone loss or damage to architecture through a number of mechanisms. Although these secondary causes of osteoporosis are the most frequently observed causes of unexpected bone loss, they can only be diagnosed via a high degree of suspicion and clinical experience and by performing the appropriate investigations. In inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as vascular diseases, T-cell activation, and consequently pro-inflammatory cascades, trigger the increased expression of T-cell-derived RANKL. In addition, a new biomarker signature of bone-related miRNAs is promising in certain clinical features. Glucocorticoids, often used to control disease activity, decrease the number and function of osteoblasts and inhibit OPG expression. The ubiquitous occurrence of disease-related secondary changes in bone metabolism implies that numerous medical disciplines need to interact. Screening for secondary causes of osteoporosis and the search for new modes of action should present a substantial aspect of osteoporosis manageme.

Bones --- Osteoporosis --- Metabolism --- Disorders. --- Genetic aspects. --- Metabolic bone disease --- Vitamin D deficiency --- Diseases

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The Bioarchaeology of Metabolic Bone Disease provides a comprehensive and invaluable source of information on this important group of diseases. It is an essential guide for those engaged in either basic recording or in-depth research on human remains from archaeological sites. The range of potential tools for investigating metabolic diseases of bone are far greater than for many other conditions, and building on clinical investigations, this book will consider gross, surface features visible using microscopic examination, histological and radiological features of bone, that can be use

Bones --- Human remains (Archaeology) --- Paleopathology. --- Metabolism --- Disorders. --- Medical archaeology --- Pathology --- Bioarchaeology --- Skeletal remains (Archaeology) --- Human skeleton --- Primate remains (Archaeology) --- Metabolic bone disease

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Bones --- Mineral metabolism --- Metabolism --- Disorders --- Diseases --- Osteology --- Mineral metabolism. --- Diseases. --- Metabolism. --- Disorders. --- Musculoskeletal system --- Bone --- Skeleton --- Minerals in nutrition --- Minerals in the body --- Metabolic bone disease --- Musculoskeletal System Diseases

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Bones --- Mineral metabolism --- Bone Diseases, Metabolic. --- Bone and Bones --- Calcium Metabolism Disorders. --- Minerals --- Mineral metabolism. --- Metabolism --- Disorders --- Diseases --- metabolism. --- Diseases. --- Metabolism. --- Disorders. --- Calcium Metabolism Disorder --- Disorder, Calcium Metabolism --- Disorders, Calcium Metabolism --- Metabolic Bone Diseases --- Osteopenia --- Bone Disease, Metabolic --- Disease, Metabolic Bone --- Diseases, Metabolic Bone --- Metabolic Bone Disease --- Osteopenias --- Metabolic bone disease --- Osteology --- Bone Diseases, Metabolic --- Calcium Metabolism Disorders --- metabolism --- Bone --- Bones and Bone --- Bones and Bone Tissue --- Bony Apophyses --- Bony Apophysis --- Condyle --- Bone Tissue --- Apophyses, Bony --- Apophysis, Bony --- Bone Tissues --- Condyles --- Tissue, Bone --- Tissues, Bone --- Skeleton --- Minerals in nutrition --- Minerals in the body --- Musculoskeletal system --- Low Bone Density --- Low Bone Mineral Density --- Bone Density, Low --- Low Bone Densities --- Mineral

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This updated edition is a comprehensive treatise that spans the complete range of basic biochemistry of bone and cartilage components to the clinical evaluation of disease markers in bone and joint disorders. With contributions from over 75 international experts, this latest edition is indispensable reading for those involved in skeletal research as well as for rheumatologists, endocrinologists, clinical biochemists, and other clinical disciplines participating in the management of patients with bone and cartilage diseases.*Part I provides an up-to-date account of current knowledge of

General biochemistry --- Bones --- Cartilage --- Extracellular matrix. --- Biochemical markers. --- Metabolism. --- Metabolism --- Disorders. --- Biologic markers --- Biological markers --- Biomarkers --- Markers, Biochemical --- Biochemistry --- Indicators (Biology) --- Metabolic bone disease --- Cement substance (Anatomy) --- Ground substance (Anatomy) --- Ground substance (Histology) --- Intercellular matrix --- Interstitial substance --- Matrix, Extracellular --- Connective tissues --- Extracellular space --- Gristle --- Ligaments