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Metabolic syndrome is defined by a cluster of interrelated cardiovascular risk factors (hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and central adiposity), linked to a chronic, systemic, and low-grade inflammation, which severely increases the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A growing body of evidence generated in the last decades has shown that not only the energy balance but also the macro-, micro-, and non-nutrient composition of the diet may influence the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome. However, further research is required to increase our understanding about the contribution of diet to metabolic syndrome prevention.

animal experimentation --- diet --- nutrition --- ingredients --- lard --- fibers --- fructose --- diet coloring --- autoclaving --- irradiation --- Passiflora setacea --- bioactive compounds --- phenolic compounds --- cardiovascular diseases --- nutrigenomics --- gene expression --- immune system --- cytokines --- insulin --- HDL --- diabetes mellitus --- dietary pattern --- metabotype --- metabolic phenotype --- Mediterranean Diet Score --- Alternate Healthy Eating Index --- atherosclerosis --- plaque burden --- lycopene --- tomato --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- cis- and trans-isomers --- nutrients --- hypertension --- blood pressure --- management --- prevention --- mitochondria --- metabolic syndrome --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- balanced diet --- lifestyle --- Mediterranean diet --- plant-based diet --- DASH diet --- low-carbohydrate diet --- high-protein diet --- low-fat diet --- omega-3 fatty acids --- metabolism --- inflammation --- atherothrombosis --- clinical trials --- legacy effect --- metabolic memory --- cardiovascular disease --- diabetes --- dyslipidaemia --- abdominal obesity --- animal protein --- protein intake --- Alpha-linolenic acid --- docosahexaenoic acid --- rumenic acid --- punicic acid --- enriched eggs --- waist circumference --- obesity