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This book was written by many outstanding investigators who have spent decades to study different aspects of blood‑tissue barrier function. They have summarized some of the latest and fascinating development in their fields of research including the blood‑brain barrier, the blood‑retinal barrier, the gut barrier, the blood‑biliary barrier, the blood‑follicle barrier, the blood‑epididymis barrier, the blood‑testis barrier, the tight junction barrier in general as well as barriers in the female reproductive tract. Included are also chapters that focus on topics that are physiologically applicable to all blood‑tissue barriers. Many of these chapters also include information on specific human diseases, such as pathological changes of the gut barrier that cause bowel disorders resulting from inflammation of the epithelial lining in the intestine, and infertility in men as a result of disruption of the blood‑epididymal and/or blood‑testis barriers; and on new therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug delivery across the blood‑brain and the blood‑retinal barriers).
Blood-air barrier. --- Blood-brain barrier. --- Capillaries -- Permeability. --- Capillary permeability. --- Blood-brain barrier --- Capillaries --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Retina --- Seminiferous Tubules --- Pulmonary Alveoli --- Cardiovascular System --- Biological Transport --- Brain --- Anatomy --- Testis --- Central Nervous System --- Lung --- Eye --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Metabolism --- Respiratory System --- Sense Organs --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Nervous System --- Genitalia, Male --- Genitalia --- Urogenital System --- Blood-Air Barrier --- Blood-Brain Barrier --- Blood-Testis Barrier --- Capillary Permeability --- Blood-Retinal Barrier --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Neuroscience --- Permeability --- Permeability. --- Blood-cerebral barrier --- Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier --- Brain-blood barrier --- Hemato-encephalic barrier --- Hematoencephalic barrier --- Medicine. --- Molecular biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Cerebrospinal fluid --- Choroid plexus --- Blood-vessels --- Biomedicine, general. --- Health Workforce
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Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) of the lung are important contributors to pulmonary immune functions and to pulmonary development and alveolar repair mechanisms following lung injury. AECI, together with the capillary endothelium, form the extremely thin barrier between alveolar air and blood. AECII produce and metabolize the surface-tension lowering and immune-modulating surfactant and are the progentiors of AECI. A great variety of processes rely on their normal functioning, including maintenance of the alveolar barrier; innate immune defense; and processes of differentiation, senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. The wide range of AEC functions is nicely reflected by the diversity of topics addressed by the four review and eight original articles contained in this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Beyond the broad spectrum of topics, the authors of this issue also made use of an impressive variety of analytical methods, thus further illustrating the fascinating diversity of aspects related to AEC biology.
JAM-A --- P2X7 receptor --- mouse lung --- alveolar epithelium --- bleomycin-induced lung injury --- GSK-3β --- dietary sugar --- hyperglycemia --- lung mechanics --- alveolar septal composition --- physical activity --- extracellular matrix remodeling --- high-altitude pulmonary edema --- acute mountain sickness --- oxygen diffusion limitation --- surfactant protein B --- atelectrauma --- alveolar fluid --- acinar micromechanics --- acute lung injury --- autophagy --- lysosome --- lysosomal membrane permeability --- mitochondria --- pneumocyte --- microRNA-21 --- alveolar micromechanics --- structural remodeling --- inflammatory signaling --- lung --- alveolus --- type 1 alveolar epithelial cell --- type 2 alveolar epithelial cell --- focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy --- 3D reconstruction --- carbon dioxide --- hypercapnia --- Na,K-ATPase --- endoplasmic reticulum --- sodium transport --- protein oxidation --- alveolar epithelial cells --- pulmonary fibrosis --- epithelial cell dysfunction --- stem cell exhaustion --- pneumonia --- necrotizing --- regeneration --- model --- bovine --- chlamydia --- alveoli --- air-blood barrier --- epithelium --- air-liquid interface --- alveolar lining layer --- glycocalyx --- surfactant --- lung injury --- lung regeneration
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