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Kurt GoÌdel, the greatest logician of our time, startled the world of mathematics in 1931 with his Theorem of Undecidability, which showed that some statements in mathematics are inherently 'undecidable.' His work on the completeness of logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency of the axiom of choice and the continuum theory brought him further worldwide fame. In this introductory volume, Raymond Smullyan, himself a well-known logician, guides the reader through the fascinating world of GoÌdel's incompleteness theorems. The level of presentation is suitable for anyone with a basic acquaintance with mathematical logic. As a clear, concise introduction to a difficult but essential subject, the text will appeal to mathematicians, philosophers, and computer scientists.
GoÌdel's theorem. --- Gödel's theorem. --- Gödel, Kurt. --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Incompleteness theorems --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Foundations --- Gkentel, Kourt --- גדל
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In 'Impossibility', John D. Barrow - one of our most elegant and accomplished science writers - argues convincingly that there are limits to human discovery, that there are things that are ultimately unknowable, undoable, or unreachable. Barrow first examines the limits of the human mind: our brain evolved to meet the demands of our immediate environment, and much that lies outside this small circle may also lie outside our understanding. He investigates practical impossibilities, such as those imposed by complexity, uncomputability, or the finiteness of time, space, and resources. Is the universe finite or infinite? Can information be transmitted faster than the speed of light? The book also examines deeper theoretical restrictions on our ability to know, including Gödel's theorem, which proved that there were things that could not be proved.
Science --- Limit (Logic) --- Gödel's theorem. --- Gèodel's theorem --- Sciences - General --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Logic --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Incompleteness theorems --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Foundations --- Go ̈del's theorem. --- Limit (Logic). --- Science. --- Science - Philosophy --- Godel's theorem --- Gödel's theorem. --- Godel's theorem.
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Dr Gregory Chaitin, one of the world's leading mathematicians, is best known for his discovery of the remarkable O number, a concrete example of irreducible complexity in pure mathematics which shows that mathematics is infinitely complex. In this volume, Chaitin discusses the evolution of these ideas, tracing them back to Leibniz and Borel as well as Gödel and Turing.This book contains 23 non-technical papers by Chaitin, his favorite tutorial and survey papers, including Chaitin's three Scientific American articles. These essays summarize a lifetime effort to use the notion of program-size co
Godel's theorem. --- Incompleteness theorems. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Metamathematics. --- Computational complexity. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Theorems, Incompleteness --- Constructive mathematics --- Proof theory --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Incompleteness theorems --- Number theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Philosophy --- Foundations --- Gödel's theorem.
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Gödel's theorem. --- Teorema de Gödel --- Proposicions indecidibles --- Teoria de la decidibilidad --- Lògica matemàtica --- Teoria de nombres --- Decidibilitat (Lògica matemàtica) --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Incompleteness theorems --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Foundations --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Intuitionistic mathematics. --- Constructive mathematics --- Mathematics --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism
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Provability, Computability and Reflection
Group theory --- Gödel's theorem --- Théorème de Gödel --- Congresses --- Congrès --- 510.6 --- Godel's theorem --- -Groups, Theory of --- Substitutions (Mathematics) --- Algebra --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Incompleteness theorems --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Mathematical logic --- Foundations --- Word problems (Mathematics) --- Congresses. --- -Mathematical logic --- Word problems (Mathematics). --- 510.6 Mathematical logic --- -510.6 Mathematical logic --- Groups, Theory of --- Gödel's theorem --- Théorème de Gödel --- Congrès --- ELSEVIER-B EPUB-LIV-FT --- Gödel, Kurt --- Décidabilité (logique mathématique) --- Group theory - Congresses --- Structures algebriques --- Probleme du mot
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"This volume commemorates the life, work, and foundational views of Kurt Godel (1906-1978), most famous for his hallmark works on the completeness of first-order logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency - with the other widely accepted axioms of set theory - of the axiom of choice and of the generalized continuum hypothesis. It explores current research, advances, and ideas for future directions not only in the foundations of mathematics and logic, but also in the fields of computer science, artificial intelligence, physics, cosmology, philosophy, theology, and the history of science. The discussion is supplemented by personal reflections from several scholars who knew Godel personally, providing some interesting insights into his life. By putting his ideas and life's work into the context of current thinking and perceptions, this book will extend the impact of Godel's fundamental work in mathematics, logic, philosophy, and other disciplines for future generations of researchers"--
Gödel, Théorème de --- Gödel, Kurt --- Godel's theorem --- Mathematics/ Logic --- Godel, Kurt --- Gödel's theorem. --- Gödel's incompleteness theorem --- Undecidable theories --- Incompleteness theorems --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Gödel's theorem --- Gödel, Théorème de --- Gödel, Kurt --- Mathematics --- 510.2 --- 510.6 --- 510.6 Mathematical logic --- Mathematical logic --- 510.2 Foundations of mathematics --- Foundations of mathematics --- Logic of mathematics --- Mathematics, Logic of --- Arithmetic --- Completeness theorem --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Philosophy --- Foundations --- Gödel, Kurt. --- Gkentel, Kourt --- גדל --- Mathématiques --- Philosophie --- Gödel's theorem. --- Philosophy. --- Mathematical Sciences --- General and Others --- Mathematics - Philosophy --- Gödel, Kurt (1906-1978) --- Mathématiques --- Godel's theorem. --- Godel, Kurt.
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