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This book covers the flux pinning mechanisms and properties and the electromagnetic phenomena caused by the flux pinning common for metallic, high-Tc and MgB2 superconductors. The condensation energy interaction known for normal precipitates or grain boundaries and the kinetic energy interaction proposed for artificial Nb pins in Nb-Ti, etc., are introduced for the pinning mechanism. Summation theories to derive the critical current density are discussed in detail. Irreversible magnetization and AC loss caused by the flux pinning are also discussed. The loss originally stems from the ohmic dissipation of normal electrons in the normal core driven by the electric field induced by the flux motion. The influence of the flux pinning on the vortex phase diagram in high Tc superconductors is discussed, and the dependencies of the irreversibility field are also described on other quantities such as anisotropy of superconductor, specimen size and electric field strength. Recent developments of critical current properties in various high-Tc superconductors and MgB2 are introduced. The 3rd edition has been thoroughly updated, with a new chapter on critical state model. The mechanism of irreversible properties is discussed in detail. The author provides calculations of pinning loss by the equation of motion of flux lines in the pinning potential and hysteresis loss. The readers will learn why the resultant loss is of hysteresis type in spite of such mechanism. This book aims for graduate students and researchers studying superconductivity as well as engineers working in electric utility industry.

Thermodynamics --- Thermal properties of solids --- Solid state physics --- Physics --- supergeleiding --- koude --- fysica --- Flux pinning.

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This book discusses the most important aspects of the theory. The phenomenological model is followed by the microscopic theory of superconductivity, in which modern formalism of the many-body theory is used to treat most important problems such as superconducting alloys, coexistence of superconductivity with the magnetic order, and superconductivity in quasi-one-dimensional systems. It concludes with a discussion on models for exotic and high temperature superconductivity. Its main aim is to review, as complete as possible, the theory of superconductivity from classical models and methods up t

Superconductivity --- 538.94 --- 538.94 Quantum liquids and solids --- Quantum liquids and solids --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Electronics and optics of solids --- Thermal properties of solids --- Superconductivity.

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This thesis makes significant advances towards an understanding of superconductivity in the cuprate family of unconventional, high-temperature superconductors. Even though the high-temperature superconductors were discovered over 35 years ago, there is not yet a general consensus on an acceptable theory of superconductivity in these materials. One of the early proposals suggested that collective magnetic excitations of the conduction electrons could lead them to form pairs, which in turn condense to form the superconducting state at a critical temperature Tc. Quantitative calculations of Tc using experimental data were, however, not available to verify the applicability of this magnetic mechanism. In this thesis, the author constructed an angle-resolved photoemission apparatus that could provide sufficiently accurate data of the electronic excitation spectra of samples in the normal state, data which was furthermore unusually devoid of any surface contamination. The author also applied the Bethe-Salpeter method to his uncommonly pristine and precise normal state data, and was able to predict the approximate superconducting transition temperatures of different samples. This rare combination of experiment with sophisticated theoretical calculations leads to the conclusion that antiferromagnetic correlations are a viable candidate for the pairing interaction in the cuprate superconductors.

Thermal properties of solids --- Theoretical spectroscopy. Spectroscopic techniques --- supergeleiding --- spectroscopie --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Superconductors --- Spectrum analysis. --- Quantum electrodynamics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Quantum Electrodynamics, Relativistic and Many-body Calculations. --- Chemistry.

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With the discovery of type-II superconductivity by Abrikosov, the prediction of vortex lattices, and their experimental observation, quantized vortices have become a central object of study in superconductivity, superfluidity, and Bose--Einstein condensation. This book presents the mathematics of superconducting vortices in the framework of the acclaimed two-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau model, with or without magnetic field, and in the limit of a large Ginzburg-Landau parameter, kappa. This text presents complete and mathematically rigorous versions of both results either already known by physicists or applied mathematicians, or entirely new. It begins by introducing mathematical tools such as the vortex balls construction and Jacobian estimates. Among the applications presented are: the determination of the vortex densities and vortex locations for energy minimizers in a wide range of regimes of applied fields, the precise expansion of the so-called first critical field in a bounded domain, the existence of branches of solutions with given numbers of vortices, and the derivation of a criticality condition for vortex densities of non-minimizing solutions. Thus, this book retraces in an almost entirely self-contained way many results that are scattered in series of articles, while containing a number of previously unpublished results as well. The book also provides a list of open problems and a guide to the increasingly diverse mathematical literature on Ginzburg--Landau related topics. It will benefit both pure and applied mathematicians, physicists, and graduate students having either an introductory or an advanced knowledge of the subject.

Differential equations --- Thermal properties of solids --- Superconductivity --- Mathematics --- EPUB-LIV-FT SPRINGER-B LIVMATHE --- Differential equations, partial. --- Functions of complex variables. --- Partial Differential Equations. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Functions of a Complex Variable. --- Complex variables --- Elliptic functions --- Functions of real variables --- Partial differential equations --- Mathematics. --- Partial differential equations. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics

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This thesis describes in-depth studies of the remarkable electronic transport within the ultrahigh conductivity delafossite metals PtCoO_2 and PdCoO_2 using the tool of focused ion beam (FIB) microstucturing. Despite being first synthesised over 50 years ago, important questions remain regarding both the origin of the unusually high conductivity of these compounds and the consequences of their unique properties for unconventional electronic transport, such as that within the ballistic regime. The thesis explores both these areas. High-energy electron irradiation is used to examine the effects of deliberately introducing point defects into PdCoO_2 and PtCoO_2, demonstrating that the extremely low resistivity of these materials stems from an extreme purity as high as 1 defect in 120,000 atoms, rather than a novel scattering suppression mechanism. In addition, studies of the electronic transport in micron-scale squares of these metals show that their broadly hexagonal Fermi surfaces lead not only to long range ballistic behaviour but novel ballistic regime phenomena which cannot be observed in materials with a higher-symmetry Fermi surface.

Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Statistical physics --- Thermal properties of solids --- Solid state physics --- Matter physics --- Metallurgy --- supergeleiding --- EMI (electromagnetic interference) --- materie (fysica) --- quantummechanica --- fysica --- metalen --- Condensed matter. --- Materials science --- Electronic structure. --- Quantum chemistry --- Metals. --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Electronic Structure Calculations. --- Metals and Alloys. --- Phase Transition and Critical Phenomena. --- Data processing. --- Computer programs. --- Copper alloys --- Nanostructured materials. --- Electric properties. --- Microstructure.