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Ein Riss im Rotor ruft eine lokale Steifigkeitsänderung hervor. Die vorliegende Arbeit ermittelt die Steifigkeitsänderung einer angerissenen Welle. Dazu wird ein Kohäsivzonenmodell eingesetzt. Das Modell wurde für die erste Rissöffnungsmode bei ebenem Verzerrungszustand in Abhängigkeit der Mehrachsigkeit des Spannungszustandes (Triaxialität) entwickelt. Außerdemwird das Kohäsivzonenmodell bei einem eindimensionalen Kontinuumsrotor als FE Modell ausgeführt.

Cohesive zone model --- cracked rotor --- stiffness variation

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Myofibroblasts (MFB) are found in most tissues of the body. They have the matrix-producing functions of fibroblasts and contractile properties that are known from smooth muscle cells. Fundamental work of the last decades has shed remarkable light on their origin, biological functions and role in disease. During hepatic injury, they fulfill manifold functions in connective tissue remodeling and wound healing, but overshooting activity of MFB on the other side induces fibrosis and cirrhosis. The present e-book "Liver myofibroblasts" contains 9 articles providing comprehensive information on "hot topics" of MFB. In our opening editorial we provide a short overview of the origin of MFB and their relevance in extracellular matrix formation which is the hallmark of hepatic fibrosis. Thereafter, leading experts in the field share their current perspectives on special topics of (i) MFB in development and disease, ii) their role in hepatic fibrogenesis, and (iii) promising therapies and targets that are suitable to interfere with hepatic fibrosis.

Xanthohumol --- Hepatic Stellate Cells --- therapy --- Portal myofibroblasts --- Cytoglobin --- miRNA --- Myofibroblasts --- Autophagy --- Matrix stiffness --- NADPH Oxidase

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Understanding the underlying mechanisms of how axons and dendrites develop is a fundamental problem in neuroscience and a main goal of research on nervous system development and regeneration. Previous studies have provided a tremendous amount of information on signaling and cytoskeletal proteins regulating axonal and dendritic growth and guidance. However, relatively little is known about the relative contribution and role of cytoskeletal dynamics, transport of organelles and cytoskeletal components, and force generation to axonal elongation. Advancing the knowledge of these biomechanical processes is critical to better understand the development of the nervous system, the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases, acute traumatic injury, and for designing novel approaches to promote neuronal regeneration following disease, stroke, or trauma. Mechanical properties and forces shape the development of the nervous system from the cellular up to the organ level. Recent advances in quantitative live cell imaging, biophysical, and nanotechnological methods such as traction force microscopy, optical tweezers, and atomic force microscopy have enabled researchers to gain better insights into how cytoskeletal dynamics and motor-driven transport, membrane-dynamics, adhesion, and substrate rigidity influence axonal elongation. Given the complexity and mechanical nature of this problem, mathematical modeling contributes significantly to our understanding of neuronal mechanics. Nonetheless, there has been limited direct interaction and discussions between experimentalists and theoreticians in this research area. The purpose of this Frontiers Research Topic is to highlight exciting and important work that is currently developing in the fields of neuronal cell biology, neuronal mechanics, intracellular transport, and mathematical modeling in the form of primary research articles, reviews, perspectives, and commentaries.

neuronal development --- neuronal mechanics --- Axonal elongation --- force --- Neuronal morphology --- stiffness --- glia --- Neuronal transport

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Textbook of Arterial Stiffness and Pulsatile Hemodynamics in Health and Disease, Two Volume Set covers the principles, physiology, biologic pathways, clinical implications and therapeutics surrounding arterial stiffness and pulsatile hemodynamics, along with a thorough overview of the field. The book presents complex engineering concepts in a way that those in science and medicine can more easily understand. It includes detailed illustrations. Additionally, it presents advanced bioengineering concepts in boxes for readers who wants more in-depth biophysical knowledge. This is a must-have reference for students, researchers and clinicians interested in learning more about this field.

Arteries --- Hemodynamics. --- Hemodynamics --- Diseases. --- Hemodynamic --- Neurovascular Coupling --- Blood Circulation --- Blood --- Cardiac output --- Hydrodynamics --- Circulation --- Elastic properties. --- Arterial elasticity --- Biomechanics --- Elasticity --- Vascular Stiffness --- Pulsatile Flow --- Models, Theoretical

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The reprint represents the publication of the seven articles associated with the special issue "Training Load, Well-Being, and Readiness: Reducing Injury Risk and Improving Sports Performance". Within the reprint the readers can found evidence about training load monitoring in soccer, cyclists and regular gym exercises. We hope readers can find interesting the methodological approaches provided.

cyclist --- myometry --- stiffness --- incremental cycling test --- football --- athletic performance --- match analysis --- sports training --- GPS --- high-intensity running --- acute/chronic workload ratio --- high-speed running --- in-season --- non-starters --- RPE --- soccer --- starters --- training monotony --- training strain --- biomechanics --- heel strike --- ankle --- gait change --- gastrocnemius muscle stiffness --- anabolic steroids --- gym members --- male --- gym --- abuse --- resistance exercise --- blood flow restriction --- blood flow restriction exercise --- injury experience --- jump inside kick --- static muscle contractility --- dynamic muscle contractility --- ankle plantarflexor