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Endangered languages --- Language obsolescence --- Linguistic change --- Endangered languages. --- Language obsolescence. --- Linguistic change. --- Afrikanische Sprachen. --- Bedrohte Sprache. --- Dokumentation. --- Linguistik. --- Språkvetenskap. --- Antropologisk lingvistik. --- Språkdöd. --- Språk. --- Afrika. --- Africa. --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Historical linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language death --- Obsolescence of languages --- Sociolinguistics --- Extinct languages --- At-risk languages --- Disappearing languages --- Dying languages --- Fading languages --- Nearly extinct languages --- Threatened languages --- Vanishing languages --- Obsolescence

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This book collects the contributions presented at the international congress held at the University of Bologna in January 2007, where leading scholars of different persuasions and interests offered an up-to-date overview of the current status of the research on linguistic universals. The papers that make up the volume deal with both theoretical and empirical issues, and range over various domains, covering not only morphology and syntax, which were the major focus of Greenberg’s seminal work, but also phonology and semantics, as well as diachrony and second language acquisition. Diverse perspectives illustrate and discuss a huge number of phenomena from a wide variety of languages, not only exploring the way research on universals intersects with different subareas of linguistics, but also contributing to the ongoing debate between functional and formal approaches to explaining the universals of language. This stimulating reading for scientists, researchers and postgraduate students in linguistics shows how different, but not irreconcilable, modes of explanation can complement each other, both offering fresh insights into the investigation of unity and diversity in languages, and pointing to exciting areas for future research.

Sociolinguistics --- Linguistics --- syntaxis --- linguïstiek --- 17.13 typological linguistics. --- Linguistic universals --- Linguistic universals. --- Sprachliche Universalien. --- Taaluniversalia. --- Universalia (språkvetenskap) --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Phonology. --- Grammar. --- Syntax. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Theoretical Linguistics. --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative --- Linguistics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Syntax --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology --- Universaux (linguistique) --- Grammaire comparative et générale --- Syntaxe

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Between 1907 and 1911, Ferdinand de Saussure gave three series of lectures on the topic of general linguistics. After his death, these lecture notes were gathered together by his students and published as the Course in General Linguistics. And in the past one hundred years, there has been no more influential and divisive reading of Saussure than that of Jacques Derrida. This book is an examination of Derrida's philosophical reconstruction of Saussurean linguistics, of the paradigm shift from structuralism to post-structuralism, and of the consequences that continue to resonate in every field of the humanities today. Despite the importance of Derrida's critique of Saussure for cultural studies, philosophy, linguistics and literary theory, no comprehensive analysis has before been written. The magnitude of the task undertaken here makes this book an invaluable resource for those wishing to interrogate the encounter beyond appearances or received wisdom.

Linguistics --- Strukturalismus. --- Strukturelle Linguistik. --- Saussure, Ferdinand ((de)) --- Linguistics. --- Structuralism. --- Poststructuralism. --- Derrida, Jacques. --- Saussure, Ferdinand de, --- Language and languages --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Philosophy. --- Derrida, Jacques --- Derrida, J. --- Derida, Žak --- Derrida, Jackes --- Derrida, Zhak --- Deridah, Z'aḳ --- Deridā, Jāka --- Dirīdā, Jāk --- Деррида, Жак --- דרידה, ז'אק --- Sossi︠u︡r, Ferdinand de, --- Saussure, F. de --- Soshwirŭ, Pʻerŭdinang dŭ, --- Suoxu'er, Feiernan De, --- דה סוסיר, פרדינן, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Post-structuralism --- Philosophy, Modern --- Structuralism --- Structure (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Whole and parts (Philosophy) --- Form (Philosophy) --- Poststructuralism --- Linguistique. --- Poststructuralisme. --- Poststrukturalism. --- Semiotik. --- Språkvetenskap --- Structuralisme. --- Strukturalism. --- linguistics. --- post-structuralism. --- Filosofi. --- Derrida, Jacques, --- Saussure, Ferdinand ((de)). --- Saussure, Ferdinand de --- Saussure, Ferdinand de.

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Machine Translation publishes original research papers on all aspects of MT, and welcomes papers with a multilingual aspect from other areas of Computational Linguistics and Language Engineering, such as Computer-Assisted Translation, Multilingual Corpus Resources, Tools for translators, The role of technology in translator training, MT and language teaching, Evaluation, Description etc. Machine Translation regularly focuses on issues of special interest, features a regular Book Review section, and welcomes other contributions of interest to the wide readership of the journal, such as — text composition and generation, information retrieval, natural language interfaces, dialogue systems, message understanding systems, discourse phenomena, text mining, knowledge engineering, contrastive linguistics, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, computer-aided language instruction and learning software localization and internationalization.

Translation science --- Computer. Automation --- Machine translating --- Computational linguistics --- Traduction automatique --- Linguistique informatique --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Computational linguistics. --- Machine translating. --- #KVHA:Tijdschriften Vertaalwetenschap --- Periodicals --- Information Technology --- Artificial Intelligence --- Computer Architecture, Languages and Compilers --- General and Others --- Information Science and Systems --- Software Engineering --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Information Technology. --- Software Engineering. --- Automatic translating --- Computer translating --- Electronic translating --- Mechanical translating --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Data processing --- #KVHA:Tijdschriften; Vertaalwetenschap --- Algorithms --- Applied linguistics --- Artificial intelligence --- Natural language generation (Computer science) --- Information theory --- Translating and interpreting --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Translating machines --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- Tłumaczenie automatyczne --- linguistique. --- traduction automatique. --- mašīntulkošana --- tradução automática --- machine translation --- maskinöversättning --- strojno prevajanje --- strojový preklad --- traduzione automatica --- masintõlge --- strojový překlad --- koneellinen kääntäminen --- automatisk oversættelse --- përkthim automatik --- машинен превод --- automatische vertaling --- αυτόματη μετάφραση --- meaisínaistriúchán --- tłumaczenie automatyczne --- машинско превођење --- strojno prevođenje --- traduzzjoni awtomatika --- traducción automática --- машински превод --- traducere automată --- mašininis vertimas --- gépi fordítás --- automatische Übersetzung --- arvutipõhine tõlkesüsteem --- EUROTRA --- fordítói memória --- strojni prijevod --- počítačový překlad --- computerunterstützte Übersetzung --- računalno podržano prevođenje --- maschinelle Übersetzung --- computerised translation system --- automatinis vertimas --- datorizēta tulkošanas sistēma --- kompiuterizuota vertimo sistema --- számítógépes fordítás --- automaattinen kielenkääntöjärjestelmä --- počítačový systému prekladu --- računalni sustav za prevođenje --- sistem i komjuterizuar përkthimi --- edb-oversættelse --- автоматско преведување --- Sprachwissenschaft --- lingüística --- lingvistika --- lingwistika --- taalwetenschap --- keeleteadus --- linguística --- kielitiede --- nyelvészet --- teangeolaíocht --- językoznawstwo --- linguistikë --- лингвистика --- kalbotyra --- lingvistică --- jazykověda --- γλωσσολογία --- jezikoslovje --- lingvistik --- linguistica --- linguistics --- граматика --- etümoloogia --- nyelvtan --- spelluta --- γραμματική --- mondattan --- етимология --- lexicologia --- spraakkunst --- pronunciation --- pragmatika --- angewandte Sprachwissenschaft --- nauka o původu slov --- phonetics --- fonetiikka --- наука за јазикот --- morfologie --- правопис --- Etymologie --- pravopis --- Sprechtechnik --- prononciation --- fonētika --- etimologija --- grammatik --- Pragmalinguistik --- dějiny jazyka --- sprogvidenskab --- uttalslära --- ordboksvetenskap --- etymologia --- pisownia --- leksikologija --- leksikologji --- лексикологија --- gramatika --- fonetică --- προφορά --- etimología --- fonética --- λεξικολογία --- fonologie --- litriú --- betydelselära --- filologie --- sémantique --- Rechtschreibung --- Phonetik --- gramatică --- helyesírás --- gramática --- etimoloģija --- tartis --- Grammatik --- grammatika --- etymológia --- etymology --- grammar --- orthographe --- ääntäminen --- etymologi --- alaktan --- etimológia --- lexikológia --- hangtan --- ortografia --- Lexikologie --- syntax --- etimoloġija --- Sprachforschung --- lexicology --- kirjakuju --- Semantik --- szemantika --- semantik --- ortogrāfija --- grammatica --- φωνητική --- valodniecība --- semantiikka --- kielioppi --- leksikoloģija --- σημαντική --- ετυμολογία --- szókincstan --- oikeinkirjoitus --- fonetiek --- semantika --- sémantika --- keeletehnika --- Morphologie --- fonetikë --- lexikologi --- lexicología --- uttal --- beszédtechnika --- uitspraak --- jezikoslovlje --- spelling --- fonetik --- leksikoloogia --- mluvnice --- pronuncia --- semántica --- izgovor --- ljudlära --- semantica --- pronunciação --- semântica --- shqiptim --- pronúncia --- semantikë --- ορθογραφία --- phonétique --- matematická lingvistika --- étymologie --- stavemåde --- pronunciación --- výslovnosť --- etymologie --- taalkunde --- jazykozpyt --- udtale --- ortografía --- ortografie --- allmän språkvetenskap --- semantics --- semantiek --- fonetica --- etimologie --- linguïstiek --- rašyba --- Linguistik --- lessicologia --- leksikologi --- foneetika --- fonetika --- stavning --- gramatikë --- sanasto-oppi --- etimologia --- sanasaíocht --- semantică --- grammaire --- jelentéstan --- семантика --- morfológia --- aplikovaná lingvistika --- lexicologie

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Placing failed humor within the broader category of miscommunication and drawing on a range of conversational data, this text represents the first comprehensive study of failed humor. It provides a framework for classifying the types of failure that can occur, examines the strategies used by both speakers and hearers to avoid and manage failure, and highlights the crucial role humor plays in social identity and relationship management.

Conversation analysis. --- Joking. --- Plays on words. --- Pragmatics. --- Wit and humor. --- Wit and humor --- Miscommunication --- Languages & Literatures --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- Literature - General --- Social aspects --- Miscommunication. --- Social aspects. --- Misunderstanding (Communication) --- Communication --- language --- communication skills --- language skills --- linguistics --- sociology --- social behaviour --- κοινωνική συμπεριφορά --- zachowanie społeczne --- comportament social --- socialinis elgesys --- Sozialverhalten --- sociālā uzvedība --- општествено однесување --- társadalmi viselkedés --- социално поведение --- social adfærd --- comportement social --- sjellje sociale --- imġiba soċjali --- socialno vedenje --- socialt beteende --- sociálne správanie --- sosiaalinen käyttäytyminen --- sotsiaalne käitumine --- друштвено понашање --- comportamento sociale --- društveno ponašanje --- comportamiento social --- sociaal gedrag --- sociální chování --- comportamento social --- антисоцијално однесување --- социјално однесување --- társadalmi magatartás --- asociaal gedrag --- општествени норми на однесување --- sociología --- socjologia --- sosiologia --- sociologi --- κοινωνιολογία --- sotsioloogia --- soċjoloġija --- социологија --- социология --- sociologija --- szociológia --- sociológia --- socioloģija --- sociologia --- sociologie --- sociologji --- Soziologie --- gender studies --- Entwicklungssoziologie --- sociobiologie --- sociológia politického života --- Sprachwissenschaft --- lingüística --- lingvistika --- lingwistika --- taalwetenschap --- keeleteadus --- linguística --- kielitiede --- nyelvészet --- teangeolaíocht --- językoznawstwo --- linguistikë --- лингвистика --- kalbotyra --- lingvistică --- jazykověda --- γλωσσολογία --- jezikoslovje --- linguistique --- lingvistik --- linguistica --- граматика --- etümoloogia --- nyelvtan --- spelluta --- γραμματική --- mondattan --- етимология --- lexicologia --- spraakkunst --- pronunciation --- pragmatika --- angewandte Sprachwissenschaft --- nauka o původu slov --- phonetics --- fonetiikka --- наука за јазикот --- morfologie --- правопис --- Etymologie --- pravopis --- Sprechtechnik --- prononciation --- fonētika --- etimologija --- grammatik --- Pragmalinguistik --- dějiny jazyka --- sprogvidenskab --- uttalslära --- ordboksvetenskap --- etymologia --- pisownia --- leksikologija --- leksikologji --- лексикологија --- gramatika --- fonetică --- προφορά --- etimología --- fonética --- λεξικολογία --- fonologie --- litriú --- betydelselära --- filologie --- sémantique --- Rechtschreibung --- Phonetik --- gramatică --- helyesírás --- gramática --- etimoloģija --- tartis --- Grammatik --- grammatika --- etymológia --- etymology --- grammar --- orthographe --- ääntäminen --- etymologi --- alaktan --- etimológia --- lexikológia --- hangtan --- ortografia --- Lexikologie --- syntax --- etimoloġija --- Sprachforschung --- lexicology --- kirjakuju --- Semantik --- szemantika --- semantik --- ortogrāfija --- grammatica --- φωνητική --- valodniecība --- semantiikka --- kielioppi --- leksikoloģija --- σημαντική --- ετυμολογία --- szókincstan --- oikeinkirjoitus --- fonetiek --- semantika --- sémantika --- keeletehnika --- Morphologie --- fonetikë --- lexikologi --- lexicología --- uttal --- beszédtechnika --- uitspraak --- jezikoslovlje --- spelling --- fonetik --- leksikoloogia --- mluvnice --- pronuncia --- semántica --- izgovor --- ljudlära --- semantica --- pronunciação --- semântica --- shqiptim --- pronúncia --- semantikë --- ορθογραφία --- phonétique --- matematická lingvistika --- étymologie --- stavemåde --- pronunciación --- výslovnosť --- etymologie --- taalkunde --- jazykozpyt --- udtale --- ortografía --- ortografie --- allmän språkvetenskap --- semantics --- semantiek --- fonetica --- etimologie --- linguïstiek --- rašyba --- Linguistik --- lessicologia --- leksikologi --- foneetika --- fonetika --- stavning --- gramatikë --- sanasto-oppi --- etimologia --- sanasaíocht --- semantică --- grammaire --- jelentéstan --- семантика --- morfológia --- aplikovaná lingvistika --- lexicologie --- kalbos mokėjimas --- језичке вештине --- aptitudini lingvistice --- sprogkundskaber --- compétence linguistique --- kielitaito --- keeleoskus --- valodiskās prasmes --- umiejętności językowe --- jazykové zručnosti --- inniúlacht teanga --- capacidades lingüísticas --- competências linguísticas --- talenkennis --- ħiliet tal-lingwa --- nyelvi készségek --- jezične vještine --- competenze linguistiche --- jezikovne spretnosti in znanja --- språkkunskaper --- езикови умения --- γλωσσικές δεξιότητες --- jazykové dovednosti --- Sprachkenntnisse --- qualificações linguísticas --- Bendra Europos kalbų mokėjimo orientacinė sistema --- kieliä koskeva yhteinen eurooppalainen viitekehys --- znajomość języków obcych --- gemeenschappelijk Europees referentiekader voor talen --- språkfärdigheter --- taalkwalificaties --- užsienio kalbos mokėjimas --- GERS --- quadro comune europeo di riferimento per la conoscenza delle lingue --- conocimiento de una lengua extranjera --- den fælles europæiske referenceramme for sprog --- езикова компетентност --- sprogkompetence --- competencia lingüística --- kompetenza fil-lingwa --- Euroopa keeleõppe raamdokument. Õppimine, õpetamine ja hindamine --- jazykové kvalifikace --- compétences linguistiques --- znalosť cudzieho jazyka --- profiċjenza fil-lingwa --- calificări lingvistice --- γλωσσικά προσόντα --- jezikovna usposobljenost --- compétences en langues étrangères --- CECR --- sprogkvalifikationer --- γνώση ξένων γλωσσών --- jazykové znalosti --- znanje jezikov --- jezična kompetencija --- taalcompetentie --- közös európai nyelvi referenciakeret --- kennis van vreemde talen --- fremmedsproglig kompetence --- Eiropas vienotā valodu prasmes līmeņa noteikšanas sistēma --- kompetenza fil-lingwi barranin --- språkkompetens --- kwalifikacje językowe --- kwalifiki fil-lingwi --- competência em línguas estrangeiras --- Comhchreat Tagartha na hEorpa um Theangacha --- владеене на езици --- competência em línguas --- ОЕРР --- језичке способности --- spoločný európsky referenčný rámec pre jazyky --- QKERL --- connaissances linguistiques --- jezikovne kvalifikacije --- valodu zināšanas --- nyelvtudás --- skupni evropski referenčni okvir za jezike --- taalvaardigheid --- γλωσσικές γνώσεις --- společný evropský referenční rámec pro jazyky --- kompetencje językowe --- QCER --- езикова квалификация --- znalost cizího jazyka --- обща европейска референтна рамка за езиците --- Common European Framework of Reference for Languages --- jezične sposobnosti --- poznavanje stranog jezika --- competență lingvistică --- cunoașterea limbilor străine --- competenza nelle lingue straniere --- kalbos mokėjimo lygis --- europejski system opisu kształcenia językowego --- language competence --- den gemensamma europeiska referensramen för språk --- competenza linguistica --- MCER --- QECRL --- biegłość językowa --- jazyková kompetence --- ZEROJ --- qualifiche linguistiche --- Sprachkompetenz --- proficiência linguística --- abilità linguistiche --- SERR --- jazyková kompetencia --- svešvalodu prasme --- CEFR --- sprogfærdigheder --- zajednički europski referentni okvir za jezike --- znanje tujih jezikov --- jezične kvalifikacije --- võõrkeeleoskus --- Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para as Línguas --- Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas --- jazyková kvalifikácia --- γλωσσική επάρκεια --- чуждоезикова компетентност --- cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues --- vieraiden kielten osaaminen --- Qafas Komuni Ewropew ta' Referenza għal-Lingwi --- Gemeinsamer Europäischer Referenzrahmen für Sprachen --- vieraiden kielten taito --- foreign language competence --- language qualifications --- valodu prasme --- cualificaciones lingüísticas --- idegen nyelvi kompetencia --- Fremdsprachenkompetenz --- κοινό Ευρωπαϊκό Πλαίσιο Αναφοράς για τα γλωσσικά προσόντα --- language proficiency --- CECRL --- cadrul european comun de referință pentru limbi --- Sprachqualifikationen --- комуникационни умения --- pratique de communication --- комуникациски вештини --- komunikacijske vještine --- ħiliet ta’ komunikazzjoni --- viestintäkäytäntö --- τεχνική της επικοινωνίας --- Redegewandtheit --- pratica di comunicazione --- kommunikációs készségek --- kommunikation i praksis --- suhtlemisoskus --- schopnost komunikace --- abilități de comunicare --- umiejętność komunikacji --- prática da comunicação --- communicatie in de praktijk --- sposobnost komuniciranja --- bendravimo įgūdžiai --- praktisk kommunikation --- komunikačné schopnosti --- técnicas de comunicación --- aftësi komunikimi --- вештина комуникације --- sazināšanās prasme --- komunicēšanās prasmes --- bendravimo būdai --- комуникациска практика --- tehnici de comunicare --- komunikační metody --- kommunikationsförmåga --- komunikační schopnost --- praktika komunikimi --- communication practices --- комуникациски техники --- komunikační dovednosti --- комуникациска способност --- dorozumívací dovednosti --- kalba --- teanga --- limbaj --- lenguaje --- език --- język --- kieli --- linguaggio --- keel --- linguagem --- јазик --- taal --- lingwa --- gjuhë --- jezik --- γλώσσα --- nyelv --- jazyk --- språk --- langage --- valoda --- sprog --- Sprache --- језик --- lingua --- Discourse Analysis. --- Humor.