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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

RNA --- RNA Splicing --- RNA binding proteins --- RNA modifications --- Human disease and tRNA modifications

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This book is a collection of eight articles, of which seven are reviews and one is a research paper, that together form a Special Issue that describes the roles that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play in gene regulation at a post-transcriptional level.

long non-coding RNA 1 --- RNA binding protein 2 --- post-transcriptional regulation --- long non-coding RNA --- mRNA stability --- RNA binding protein --- microRNA --- gene expression --- long noncoding RNA --- target mimicry --- alternative splicing --- protein re-localization --- translation promotion --- post-translational modification --- double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) --- innate immunity --- repetitive DNA elements (RE) --- antisense transcript --- non-coding RNAs --- long non-coding RNAs --- ncRNAs --- translation --- cancer --- lncRNA --- post-transcription --- RNA-binding --- ribonucleoprotein --- RNAi --- interactome --- prediction --- database --- CLIP --- splicing factors --- miRNAs --- lncRNAs --- ceRNAs --- mTOR pathway --- n/a

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This book illustrates some of the most recent research efforts that have been made in lowering plasma cholesterol levels in patients with CVD. Selected articles aimed to illuminate advances and urgent challenges in the management of CVD, including disease management using statin-combined therapeutic strategies.

apolipoprotein --- lipids --- risk stratification --- proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) --- vaspin --- sphingolipids --- PCSK9 --- ceramides --- atrial fibrillation --- circular RNA --- STEMI --- cholesterol --- lipoproteins --- cardiovascular disease (CVD) --- coronary artery bypass grafting --- atherosclerosis --- statin --- LDL subfractions --- acute kidney injury --- dyslipidemia --- gene expression --- NSTEMI --- NAFLD --- hyperlipidemia --- nonstatin --- cholesteryl ester transfer protein --- low-density lipoprotein cholesterol --- anacetrapib --- HDL --- acute coronary syndrome --- miRNA --- cardiovascular risk --- pleiotropic actions --- genetic --- ABCA1 --- sdLDL --- cardiovascular disease --- proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 --- inclisiran --- reverse cholesterol transport --- sterol --- small interfering RNA (siRNA) --- RNA-binding proteins --- cardiovascular diseases --- NASH --- low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) --- stroke --- nutrigenetics --- type 2 diabetes --- statins --- sphingomyelin --- hepatic fibrosis --- diabetes

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Timing, racing, combating, struggling and targeting is some actions through which cellular fate could be reflected and evaluated. Interaction between cell territory and environment occur during pre-embryonic, fetal development, and post-natal periods. What the researchers observe as the outcome of telomeres behavior is only the peak of an ice mountain within a stormy ocean. Cellular life depends on programmed behavior of telomeres, capable to surprise the cells. Telomeres provide an introduction to the history of our cells which govern the quality of life and status of health. Telomeres as the cooperative territory are capable of stabilizing the chromosomal territory. The status of telomeres reflects the key information, announcing the real age of individuals, and may be a valuable marker for prognosis and predicting cancer. Telomere territory is characterized with a multi-disciplinary manner. Therefore, this book is aimed to offer a wide range of chapters, hoping to be useful for diverse audiences, including hematologists-oncologists, radiotherapists, surgeons, cancer researchers, and all the sectors who affect the macro- and micro- environmental domains. Finally, telomeres are sensitive, cooperative, and trustable targets. It is worth to state that ‘telomeres are messengers of NATURE’, let’s to know them as they are.

Aging Longevity. --- Telomere --- Telomerase --- Cancer cells --- Chromosome Structures --- Ribonucleoproteins --- RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase --- Diseases --- RNA-Binding Proteins --- DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase --- Genetic Structures --- Chromosomes --- Intranuclear Space --- DNA Nucleotidyltransferases --- Nucleoproteins --- Genetic Phenomena --- Carrier Proteins --- Phenomena and Processes --- Nucleotidyltransferases --- Cell Nucleus Structures --- Proteins --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Cell Nucleus --- Phosphotransferases --- Transferases --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Intracellular Space --- Enzymes --- Cellular Structures --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Cells --- Anatomy --- Neoplasms --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cytology --- Telomere. --- Telomerase. --- Cancer cells. --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human genetics. --- Gene expression. --- Stem cells. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Cancer Research. --- Human Genetics. --- Gene Expression. --- Stem Cells. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Pathology, Cellular --- DNA polymerases --- Oncology. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Colony-forming units (Cells) --- Mother cells --- Progenitor cells --- Genes --- Genetic regulation --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Tumors --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Expression --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general. --- Cancer research

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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a particular phenotype of non-ischemic systolic heart failure, frequently recognizing a genetic background and affecting relatively young patients with few comorbidities. Nowadays, long-term survival of DCM patients has been markedly improved due to an early diagnosis and uninterrupted and tailored follow-up under constant optimal medical and non-pharmacological evidence-based treatments. Nevertheless, DCM is still one of the most common causes of heart transplantation in the western world. Clinical management requires an integrated and systematic use of diagnostic tools and a deeper investigation of the basic mechanisms underlying the disease. However, several emerging issues remain debated. Specifically, the genotype–phenotype correlation, the role of advanced imaging techniques and genetic testing, the lack of appropriate risk stratification models, the need for a multiparametric and multidisciplinary approach for device implantation, and a continuous reclassification of the disease during follow-up remain challenging issues in clinical practice. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to shed the light on the most recent advancements in characterization and clinical management of DCM in order to unveil the conundrum of this particular disease.

SCN5A --- cardiac sodium channel --- cardiac channelopathy --- dilated cardiomyopathy --- precision medicine --- arrhythmias --- atrial fibrillation --- cardiomyopathy --- heart failure --- supraventricular arrhythmia --- systolic dysfunction --- tachycardiomyopathy --- ventricular arrhythmia --- left atrial strain --- cardiac resynchronization therapy --- muscular dystrophy --- calcium --- heart --- gene therapy --- phospholamban --- Serca2a --- mdx --- oxidative stress --- membrane stabilization --- left ventricular noncompaction --- congenital heart disease --- congestive heart failure --- non-ischemic cardiomyopathy --- genetics --- desmin --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- myopathy --- whole exome sequencing --- laminopathy --- LMNA --- biomarkers --- troponin T --- NT-proBNP --- malignant ventricular arrhythmia --- arrhythmic risk stratification --- DNA methylation --- alternative splicing --- epigenetics --- nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy --- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging --- late gadolinium enhancement --- long axis strain --- left ventricle sphericity index --- major adverse cardiovascular events --- sex differences --- left ventricular reverse remodelling --- long-term outcomes --- left ventricle non-compaction cardiomyopathy --- cardiac magnetic resonance --- titin --- RNA binding motif protein 20 (RBM20) --- sarcomere --- diastolic dysfunction --- phosphorylation --- non-sense mRNA decay --- mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex-1 --- duchenne muscular distrophy --- n/a