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The detection of radial and non-radial solar-like oscillations in thousands of G-K giants with CoRoT and Kepler is paving the road for detailed studies of stellar populations in the Galaxy. The available average seismic constraints allow largely model-independent determination of stellar radii and masses, and can be used to determine the position and age of thousands of stars in different regions of the Milky Way, and of giants belonging to open clusters. Such a close connection between stellar evolution, Galactic evolution, and asteroseismology opens a new very promising gate in our understanding of stars and galaxies.  This book represents a natural progression from the collection of review papers presented in the book 'Red Giants as Probes of the Structure and Evolution of the Milky Way', which appeared in the  Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings series in 2012. This sequel volume contains review papers on spectroscopy, seismology of red giants, open questions in Galactic astrophysics, and discusses first results achieved by combining photometric/spectroscopic and seismic constraints on populations of stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler. The book also reports on discussions between expert researchers in Galactic evolution, specialists in stellar structure and asteroseismology, and key representatives of extensive ground-based spectroscopic surveys such as APOGEE and the ESO-GAIA Spectroscopic Survey, which would serve as a roadmap for future endeavours in this field of research.

Physics. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Physique --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astronomy - General --- Astroseismology. --- Stellar oscillations. --- Milky Way. --- Pulsations of stars --- Stars --- Stellar pulsations --- Astero-seismology --- Asteroseismology --- Oscillations --- Pulsations --- Galaxy (Milky Way) --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics. --- Observations. --- Astroseismology --- Pulsating stars --- Extraterrestrial seismology --- Stellar oscillations --- Local Group (Astronomy) --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical

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This outstanding thesis by Dominic Bowman provides a thorough investigation of long-standing questions as to whether amplitude modulation is astrophysical, whether it offers insights into pulsating stars, and whether simple beating of modes with stable amplitudes is unrecognised because of a lack of frequency resolution. In this thesis, the author studied a uniform sample of 983 delta Scuti stars—the most common type of main-sequence heat engine pulsator—that were observed nearly continuously for 4 years at stunning photometric precision of only a few parts per million by the Kepler space mission. With no mission planned to supersede the Kepler 4-year data set, this thesis will stand as the definitive study of these questions for many years. With revolutionary photometric data from the planet-hunting Kepler space mission, asteroseismic studies have been carried out on many hundreds of main-sequence solar-type stars and about 10,000 red giants. It is easy to understand why those stochastically driven stars have highly variable amplitudes. Over much of the rest of the Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram, stellar pulsations are driven by heat mechanisms, which are much more regular than the stochastic driving in solar-like pulsators. Yet for decades, amplitude and frequency modulation of pulsation modes have been observed in almost all types of heat-driven pulsating stars. The author shows that the amplitude and frequency modulation are astrophysical, and he has investigated their implications and prospects to provide new insights into the delta Scuti stars and the many other types of heat-engine pulsators across the HR diagram.

Physics. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Astronomical physics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Observations. --- Stellar oscillations. --- Pulsations of stars --- Stars --- Stellar pulsations --- Oscillations --- Astroseismology --- Pulsating stars --- Pulsations --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Allergy --- treatment

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This volume synthesizes the results of work carried out by several international teams of the SIROCO (Seismology for Rotation and Convection) collaboration. It provides the theoretical background required to interpret the huge quantity of high-quality observational data recently provided by space experiments such as CoRoT and Kepler. Asteroseismology allows astrophysicists to test, to model and to understand stellar structure and evolution as never before. The chapters in this book address the two groups of topics summarized as "Stellar Rotation and Associated Seismology" as well as "Stellar Convection and Associated Seismology". The book offers the reader solid theoretical background knowledge and adapted seismic diagnostic techniques.

Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astrophysics --- Stars --- Stellar oscillations. --- Rotation. --- Pulsations of stars --- Stellar pulsations --- Rotation of stars --- Stellar rotation --- Oscillations --- Pulsations --- Physics. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Observations. --- Astroseismology --- Pulsating stars --- Rotational motion --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics

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Astrophysical dynamos are at the heart of cosmic magnetic fields of a wide range of scales, from planets and stars to entire galaxies. This book presents a thorough, step-by-step introduction to solar and stellar dynamos. Looking first at the ultimate origin of cosmic seed magnetic fields, the antagonists of field amplification are next considered: resistive decay, flux expulsion, and flows ruled out by anti-dynamo theorems. Two kinematic flows that can act as dynamos are then studied: the Roberts cell and the CP-flow. Mean-field electrodynamics and derivation of the mean-field dynamo equations lead to the alpha Omega-dynamo, the flux transport dynamo, and dynamos based on the Babcock-Leighton mechanism. Alternatives to the mean-field theory are also presented, as are global MHD dynamo simulations. Fluctuations and grand minima in the solar cycle are discussed in terms of dynamo modulations through stochastic forcing and nonlinear effects. The book concludes with an overview of the major challenges in understanding stellar magnetic fields and their evolution in terms of various dynamo models, global MHD simulations, and fossil fields. Each chapter is accompanied by an annotated bibliography, guiding the readers to the relevant technical literature, which may lead them to carry out their own research in the field of dynamo theory.

Astrophysics. --- Cosmic magnetic fields. --- Dynamo theory (Cosmic physics). --- Dynamo theory (Cosmic physics) --- Cosmic magnetic fields --- Astrophysics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Stars --- Solar oscillations. --- Stellar oscillations. --- Magnetic fields. --- Sun. --- Pulsations of stars --- Stellar pulsations --- Intensity variations of the sun --- Oscillations of the sun --- Solar pulsations --- Solar variability --- Solar variations --- Magnetism, Stellar --- Stellar magnetic fields --- Stellar magnetism --- Oscillations --- Pulsations --- Physics. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Statistical physics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Plasma Physics. --- Optics and Electrodynamics. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Nonlinear Dynamics. --- Solar system --- Astroseismology --- Pulsating stars --- Stellar oscillations --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Theory. --- Mathematical physics --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Mathematical statistics --- Materials --- Dynamics --- Light --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Statistical methods --- Nonlinear Optics. --- Optics, Nonlinear --- Optics --- Lasers