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These proceedings present a selection of invited and contributed papers presented during the 18th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (the 18th ICXRL), held in Shanghai, China, from 17 to 21 July 2023. The conference is part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of X-ray lasers and other coherent X-ray sources, with an additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book highlights advances in a wide range of fields including laser and discharge-pumped plasma X-ray lasers, the injection and seeding of X-ray amplifiers, high-order harmonic generation and ultrafast phenomena, X-ray free electron lasers, X-ray and gamma-ray generation, X-ray ghost imaging, optics and metrology, X-rays and γ-rays for fundamental science, the practical implementation of X-ray lasers, XFELs and super-intense lasers, and the applications and industrial uses of X-ray lasers.

Harmonics (Electric waves). --- X-rays. --- Lasers. --- Synchrotrons. --- Plasma accelerators. --- Optics. --- Harmonics and X-Ray generation. --- Laser-Matter Interaction. --- Synchrotron Techniques. --- Plasma-based Accelerators. --- Optics and Photonics. --- X-ray lasers

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This thesis establishes an exciting new beginning for Laser Plasma Accelerators (LPAs) to further develop toward the next generation of compact high energy accelerators. Design, installation, and commissioning of a new experimental setup at LBNL played an important role, and are detailed through three critical components: e-beam production, reflection of laser pulses with a plasma mirror, and large wake excitation below electron injection threshold. Pulses from a 40 TW peak power laser system were split into a 25 TW pulse and a 15 TW pulse. The first pulse was used for e-beam production in the first module, and the second pulse was used for wake excitation in the second module to post-accelerate the e-beam. As a result, reliable e-beam production and efficient wake excitation necessary for the staged acceleration were independently demonstrated. These experiments have laid the foundation for future staging experiments at the 40 TW peak power level.

Physics. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Quantum Gases and Condensates. --- Laser Technology, Photonics. --- Particle acceleration. --- Physique --- Particules (Physique nucléaire) --- Accélération --- Energy. --- Laser. --- Plasma. --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Nuclear Physics --- Plasma accelerators. --- Laser plasmas. --- Laser-produced plasmas --- Plasmas, Laser --- Plasmas, Laser-produced --- Accelerators, Plasma --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics). --- Condensed materials. --- Condensed matter. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Particle accelerators --- Plasma devices --- Plasma jets --- Laser beams --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Nuclear physics --- Acceleration --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics