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The history of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) is part of the longstanding tradition of political Islam in Indonesia. Born in 1912 with the foundation of the Union of Muslim Traders (Sarekat Dagang Islam) this trend dominated the emerging nationalism in the Dutch East Indies for nearly twenty years. This initial momentum lies at the the origin of the two-dimensional Islamist project: to islamicise society by cleansing Islam of all practices considered to be impure; to mobilise the electorate by invoking Islamic values and their necessary implementation. Indeed, the birth and development of political Islam was closely linked to the reformist Muslim movement which in religious, cultural and social matters attempted to face the colonial challenge through a religious surge. In Indonesia, the Muhammadiyah, founded in 1912, and the Persatuan Islam, founded in 1923, provided most of the early generations of activists. During the decade after independence, militant Islam played a leading role in Indonesian politics. Between 1945 and 1960, the Masjumi party, which brought together most Muslim organisations, was one of the main government components and thereby constituted the matrix of political Islam in Indonesia to which the current generation of activists still refer. The discussions conducted within this party, especially the delicate compromises made between divine law and people's democracy, preconfigured the present debates conducted by Islamic parties. Like the current leaders of the PKS, this first generation of “government Islamists” was also confronted with economic and social modernity issues such as those related to the role of the West in this process. As the two following contributions remind us, its failure is mainly due to domestic reasons that in turn heavily influenced the way Indonesian Islam later considered these issues. Banned by President Sukarno and marginalised by the emerging New Order, the proponents of militant Islam had no choice but to…

Asian Studies --- politique --- religion --- Islam --- islam politique --- élections --- Indonésie --- Frères musulmans --- politics --- Indonesia --- Prosperous Justice Party --- PKS --- Tarbiyah Da'wa Movement --- political islam --- muslim Brotherhood

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L’auteur s’interroge dans cet ouvrage sur la place du religieux islamique dans la société civile marocaine et apporte des éléments de réponse à travers une passionnante enquête de terrain menée auprès des deux principaux mouvements islamiques marocains. Acteur engagé du printemps arabe, et issu lui-même de la gauche démocratique et séculière marocaine, Youssef Belal démontre, par une sociologie religieuse attentive aux formes pratiques de la mobilisation, que l’islam n’est pas incompatible avec la démocratie, et que l’islam politique tel qu’il s’est développé au Maroc, qu’il soit celui de la monarchie ou celui de certains mouvements dits islamistes, participe pleinement de la rationalisation et de la sécularisation de la société de ce pays. In this volume, the author examines the place of followers of the Muslim faith in Moroccan civil society and provides some answers by means of a fascinating field survey involving the two main Islamic movements in Morocco. An active participant in the Arab Spring, and himself a product of the Moroccan democratic and secular Left, Youssef Belal shows, through religious sociology which takes into account practical forms of mobilisation, that Islam is not incompatible with democracy. He also demonstrates that the form of political Islam which has developed in Morocco, whether in the form of monarchy or so-called Islamist movements, plays a major role in the rationalisation and secularisation of society in the country.

Islam and politics --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Islam --- Morocco --- Politics and government. --- Islam and politics - Morocco --- Muslims - Morocco --- Morocco - Politics and government --- Islam et politique --- Maroc --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- monarchie marocaine --- islamisme --- Jamâ’a --- islam politique --- Muslims