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Based on research in three languages, this text traces the origins of modern medical specialization to 1830s Paris & examines the spread of the concept to Germany, Great Britain and the U.S., showing how it evolved from an outgrowth of academic teaching & research into the dominant mode of medical practice.

Medicine --- Health Workforce --- Specialties and specialists --- History. --- Specialties, Medical --- Government Regulation --- History of Medicine, 19th Cent. --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- Specialism --- history

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The work of a multidisciplinary research team, Transparent Lives explains why and how surveillance is expanding-mostly unchecked-into every facet of our lives.

Electronic surveillance --- Privacy, Right of --- Social control --- Social conflict --- Sociology --- Liberty --- Pressure groups --- Electronics in surveillance --- SIGINT (Electronic surveillance) --- Signals intelligence --- Surveillance, Electronic --- Remote sensing --- The New Transparency Project. --- big brother. --- government regulation. --- privacy. --- telecommunications.

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United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly unrealistic in the age of integrated capital markets, tightened links between national economies, and reduced trading costs. International Dimensions of Monetary Policy brings together fresh research to address the repercussions of the continuing evolution toward globalization for the conduct of monetary policy. In this comprehensive book, the authors examine the

Monetary policy --- Globalization --- International finance --- globalization, monetary policy, trading costs, trade, international, finance, national economy, capital markets, integration, domestic shocks, currency, price, stability, nonfiction, economics, competition, inflation, liquidity, oil, macroeconomics, market imperfections, emerging economies, government, regulation, intervention.

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Scientists, investors, policymakers, the media, and the general public have all displayed continuing interest in the commercial promise and the potential dangers of genetic engineering. In this book, Herbert Gottweis explains how genetic engineering became so controversial - a technology that some seek to promote by any means and others want to block entirely. Beginning with a clear exposition of poststructuralist theory and of its implications for research methodology, Gottweis takes a novel approach to political analysis, emphasizing the role of narratives in the development of policy.

Genetic engineering --- Biotechnology --- Genetic Engineering --- Politics --- Government Regulation --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biomedical Engineering --- Government policy --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Government Regulation and Oversight --- Government Regulations --- Regulation, Government --- Regulations, Government --- Conservatism --- Decentralization --- Liberalism --- Political Factors --- Voting --- Political Activity --- Activities, Political --- Activity, Political --- Factor, Political --- Factors, Political --- Political Activities --- Political Factor --- Intervention, Genetic --- Genetic Intervention --- Genetic Interventions --- Interventions, Genetic --- Biotechnologies --- Genetic recombination --- Transgenic organisms --- Dissent and Disputes --- Cloning, Molecular --- DNA, Recombinant --- Industrial Microbiology --- Artificial Gene Fusion --- Organisms, Genetically Modified --- Animals, Genetically Modified --- Plants, Genetically Modified --- United States --- Europe

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In the definitive history of a twentieth-century public health disaster, Alan Derickson recounts how, for decades after methods of prevention were known, hundreds of thousands of American miners suffered and died from black lung, a respiratory illness caused by the inhalation of coal mine dust. The combined failure of government, medicine, and industry to halt the spread of this disease-and even to acknowledge its existence-resulted in a national tragedy, the effects of which are still being felt.The book begins in the late nineteenth century, when the disorders brought on by exposure to coal mine dust were first identified as components of a debilitating and distinctive illness. For several decades thereafter, coal miners' dust disease was accepted, in both lay and professional circles, as a major industrial disease. Derickson describes how after the turn of the century medical professionals and industry representatives worked to discredit and supplant knowledge about black lung, with such success that this disease ceased to be recognized. Many authorities maintained that breathing coal mine dust was actually beneficial to health.Derickson shows that activists ultimately forced society to overcome its complacency about this deadly and preventable disease. He chronicles the growth of an unprecedented movement-from the turn-of-the-century miners' union, to the social medicine activists in the mid-twentieth century, and the black lung insurgents of the late sixties-which eventually won landmark protections and compensation with the enactment of the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act in 1969. An extraordinary work of scholarship, Black Lung exposes the enormous human cost of producing the energy source responsible for making the United States the world's preeminent industrial nation.

United States / 20th Century --- Lung Injury --- Lung Diseases, Interstitial --- -Organizations --- Extraction and Processing Industry --- Pneumoconiosis --- State Government --- Government Regulation --- Coal Mining --- Federal Government --- Dust diseases --- Coal miners --- Lungs --- Miners --- Lung --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Health and hygiene --- History. --- Colliers (Coal miners) --- United States --- History