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Forests provide a large range of beneficial services, including tangible ones such as timber and recreation, and intangible services such as climate regulation, biodiversity, and watershed protection. On the other hand, forests can also be considered roadblocks to progress that occupy space more productively used for agriculture, making consideration of their regulating services crucial for balancing land use and forest loss. Monitoring forest cover and loss is critical for obtaining the data necessary to help define what is needed to maintain the varying forest service requirements in different parts of the world. There is an increasing need for timely and accurate forest change information, and consequently a greater interest in monitoring those changes. Global Forest Monitoring from Earth Observation covers the very recent developments undertaken for monitoring forest areas from global to national levels using Earth observation satellite data. It describes operational tools and systems for monitoring forest ecosystems, discussing why and how researchers currently use remotely sensed data to study forest cover and loss over large areas. The book introduces the role of forests in providing ecosystem services and the need for monitoring their change over time, followed by an overview of the use of earth observation data to support forest monitoring. It discusses general methodological differences, including wall-to-wall mapping and sampling approaches, as well as data availability. This book provides excellent coverage of the research and applications of forest monitoring, indicator mapping at coarse spatial resolution, sample-based assessments, and wall-to-wall mapping at medium spatial resolution using optical remote sensing datasets, such as MODIS and Landsat. It examines the use of radar imagery in forest monitoring and presents a number of operational systems, from Brazil's PRODES and DETER products to Australia's NCAS system. Written by leading global experts in the field, this book offers a launch point for future advances in satellite-based monitoring of global forest resources. It gives readers a deeper understanding of global forest monitoring methods and shows how state-of-the-art technologies may soon provide key data for creating more balanced policies.

Forests and forestry --- Forest monitoring. --- Remote sensing. --- Environmental monitoring --- Monitoring --- Forests and forestry - Remote sensing --- Forest monitoring

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The author's working concept of geo-ecological monitoring is presented. For the first time, the full triad of monitoring in its classical definition is considered: "observation (state assessment) – control (prediction) – management (adaptation, feedback, regulation)". The strategic goal of described monitoring research is to reveal the environmental otential of sustainablility of forest ecosystems in the context of modern global warming. The monograph expounds the main statements of author’s topo-ecological predictive concept: “Global Changes on the Local Level”, as a basis of ground bio-ecological and geosystem monitoring of natural ecosystems under global anthropogenic climatic changes. This concept makes it possible to carry out local empirical simulation of the regional bioclimatic trend and thereby reveal the mechanisms of transmission of global and regional climate signals to the local level. On the example of the Volga River basin, predictive empirical-statistical models of the carbon balance of forest ecosytems are presented under conditions of a changing climate. The carbon content in various pools of boreal and nemoral forests were calculated. The global climate models give prognostic estimates of the components of them carbon balance. A quantitative assessment of the ecological resources of forest formations that provide the environment sustainability through mechanisms of regulation of the carbon cycle is given. The adaptation of forest ecosystems to climate change is described through the calculated parameters of their functional sustainability. .

Sustainability. --- Forestry. --- Physical geography. --- Biotic communities. --- Physical Geography. --- Ecosystems. --- Forest ecology. --- Forest monitoring. --- Forests and forestry --- Climatic factors.

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Research into microwave radiation from the Earth’s surface in the presence of vegetation canopies, as well as the development of algorithms for retrieval of soil and vegetation parameters from microwave radiometric measurements, have been actively conducted for the last 30 years by scientific groups worldwide. The capability of the microwave radiometric method to determine soil moisture and vegetation biometric indices was revealed 25 years ago by the author and his colleagues. Soil moisture and vegetation covers play a key role in the hydrological cycle and in water and energy transfer on the border of land surface and atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. Accomplishment of large international projects shows that microwave radiometry of soil and vegetation has become an instrument of practical application and operational use. A systematic account of questions concerning the microwave radiometry of the Earth’s surface in the presence of vegetation canopies is the main objective of the book.

Forest conservation. --- Microwave spectroscopy. --- Forest monitoring. --- Forests and forestry --- Environmental monitoring --- Molecular spectroscopy --- Radiofrequency spectroscopy --- Conservation of forests --- Forest preservation --- Preservation of forests --- Nature conservation --- Deforestation --- Monitoring --- Conservation --- Control --- Climatic changes. --- Microwaves. --- Climate Change. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Hertzian waves --- Electric waves --- Electromagnetic waves --- Geomagnetic micropulsations --- Radio waves --- Shortwave radio --- Environmental aspects --- Climate change. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Optical engineering. --- Remote sensing. --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Mechanical engineering --- Dynamics --- Physics --- Light --- Global environmental change

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The book highlights recent advancements in the mapping and monitoring of mangrove forests using earth observation satellite data. New and historical satellite data and aerial photographs have been used to map the extent, change and bio-physical parameters, such as phenology and biomass. Research was conducted in different parts of the world. Knowledge and understanding gained from this book can be used for the sustainable management of mangrove forests of the world

Landsat --- estuary --- protected area --- land use --- land cover --- change detection --- time series --- Great Barrier Reef --- Sentinel-2 --- ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 --- mangrove --- above-ground biomass --- extreme gradient boosting --- Can Gio biosphere reserve --- Vietnam --- LiDAR --- random forest --- GLAS --- aboveground biomass --- mangrove plantation --- aboveground biomass estimation --- optical images --- SAR --- DSM --- vegetation index --- color --- RGB --- accuracy assessment --- transgression --- mangrove development --- machine learning --- mangrove condition --- classification --- remote sensing --- ecosystem --- upscaling --- Worldview-2 --- Niger Delta Region --- mangroves --- land cover dynamics --- intensity analysis --- fragmentation --- spectral-temporal metrics --- land degradation --- ALOS PALSAR-2 --- JERS-1 --- GLCM --- Markov chain --- cellular automata --- data fusion --- forest monitoring --- Google Earth Engine --- mangrove forests --- multi-temporal analysis --- satellite earth observation --- time series analysis --- GEEMMM --- google earth engine --- Myanmar --- cloud computing --- digital earth --- GAMs --- Generalized Additive Models --- EVI --- phenology --- n/a

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The great potential of remote sensing technologies for operational use in sustainable forest management is addressed in this book, which is the reprint of papers published in the Remote Sensing Special Issue “Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management”. The studies come from three continents and cover multiple remote sensing systems (including terrestrial mobile laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, airborne laser scanning, and satellite data acquisition) and a diversity of data processing algorithms, with a focus on machine learning approaches. The focus of the studies ranges from identification and characterization of individual trees to deriving national- or even continental-level forest attributes and maps. There are studies carefully describing exercises on the case study level, and there are also studies introducing new methodologies for transdisciplinary remote sensing applications. Even though most of the authors look forward to continuing their research, nearly all studies introduced are ready for operational use or have already been implemented in practical forestry.

forest road inventory --- total station --- global navigation satellite system --- point cloud --- precision density --- positional accuracy --- efficiency --- mangrove sustainability --- deforestation depletion --- anthropogenic --- natural water balance --- Southeast Asia --- Phoracantha spp. --- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) --- multispectral imagery --- vegetation index --- thresholding analysis --- Large Scale Mean-Shift Segmentation (LSMS) --- Random Forest (RF) --- forest mask --- validation --- probability sampling --- remote sensing --- earth observations --- forestry --- accuracy assessment --- forest classification --- forested catchment --- hydrological modeling --- SWAT model --- DEM --- airborne laser scanning --- deep learning --- Landsat --- national forest inventory --- stand volume --- bark beetle --- Ips typographus L. --- pest --- change detection --- forest damage --- spruce --- Sentinel-2 --- damage mapping --- multi-temporal regression --- mangrove --- replanting --- restoration --- analytic hierarchy process --- UAV --- DJI drone --- machine learning --- forest canopy --- canopy gaps --- canopy openings percentage --- satellite indices --- Elastic Net --- beech–fir forests --- pixel-based supervised classification --- random forest --- support vector machine --- gray level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) --- principal component analysis (PCA) --- WorldView-3 --- wildfires --- MaxENT --- risk modeling --- GIS --- multi-scale analysis --- Yakutia --- Artic --- Siberia --- phenology modelling --- forest disturbance --- forest monitoring --- bark beetle infestation --- forest management --- time series analysis --- satellite imagery --- landsat time series --- growing stock volume --- forest inventory --- harmonic regression --- n/a --- beech-fir forests