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Chaque année brûle dans le monde une surface de forêts et de végétation naturelle équivalente à celle de l'Europe. Le climat, les activités humaines et la végétation sont les trois grands facteurs qui contrôlent les feux et en modifient parfois le comportement, voire la dangerosité. Aussi le danger s'accroît-il dans certains « points chauds » du globe où se concentrent la plupart des incendies, notamment avec le développement de méga-feux. Cependant, l'histoire millénaire des incendies dans le monde nous apprend que le feu constitue un processus naturel indispensable au maintien de beaucoup d'écosystèmes et d'espèces. Dans de nombreux pays, c'est aussi un allié pour cultiver la terre. Les effets des feux peuvent donc être dramatiques, mais aussi bénéfiques. Peu d'ouvrages existent sur les incendies à l'échelle globale. S'adressant aux décideurs autant qu'à un plus large public, ce livre illustré de nombreux exemples est une synthèse des connaissances actuelles sur l'écologie du feu et sa géographie. Il suggère qu'il est possible de cohabiter durablement avec le feu à condition de s'adapter et de gérer intelligemment les paysages, afin de diminuer le risque incendie tout en préservant la biodiversité.
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In this practical and helpful manual, John R. Weir, who has conducted more than 720 burns in four states, offers a step-by-step guide to the systematic application of burning to meet specific land management needs and goals.
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"Fire is a daunting human ecological challenge and a major subject in science and policy debates about global trends in land conversion, climate change, and human health. Persistent environmental orthodoxies reduce complex burning traditions to overly simplistic representations of environmental destruction, degradation, and loss while reinforcing existing social inequities involving smallholders. Fire Otherwise: Ethnobiology of Burning for a Changing World advocates for a more inclusive and pluralistic fire ecology, a shift from the paradigmatic globalized version of fire science and management towards research and management that embraces anthropogenic fire regimes and broader understandings of the ways humans interact with fire. The authors present new evaluations of human interactions with fires in contexts of changing environmental conditions. Through deep description and analysis of knowledge and practices enacted by local communities who ignite, manage, and extinguish fires, this collection of case studies supports proactive local and regional efforts to adapt amidst continually changing social and ecological circumstances"--
Prescribed burning. --- Ethnobiology. --- Fire ecology. --- Ecopyrology --- Fires --- Fire --- Ecology --- Folk biology --- Folkbiology --- Indigenous peoples --- Traditional biology --- Biology, Economic --- Ethnoscience --- Controlled burning --- Field burning --- Planned burning --- Prescribed fire --- Fire management --- Vegetation management --- Burning of land --- Environmental aspects --- Ethnobiology
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No detailed description available for "Swidden Agriculture in Indonesia".
Kantu (Indonesian people) --- Shifting cultivation --- Economic conditions --- E-books --- Bush fallow cultivation --- Cultivation, Shifting --- Forest fallow cultivation --- Shifting agriculture --- Slash and burn cultivation --- Swidden farming --- Agriculture --- Burning of land --- Clearing of land --- Cropping systems --- Fallowing --- Tillage --- Ethnology --- Iban (Bornean people) --- Economic conditions.
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In the pages of this book, leading range management professionals introduce and explain not only the mechanisms of managing brush but also the changes in management philosophy and technology that have taken place over time. From the futile attempts at eradication to the successes of integrated brush management, practitioners examine mechanical, biological, chemical, and firerelated methods from three perspectives-the past, the present or "stateoftheart," and the future. In a final discussion, three specialists address the timely and important subject.
Prescribed burning --- Range management --- Rangelands --- Brush --- Range lands --- Ranges, Livestock --- Stock-ranges --- Grasslands --- Land use, Rural --- Pastures --- Grazing --- Herders --- Livestock --- Meadows --- Ranches --- Forests and forestry --- Controlled burning --- Field burning --- Planned burning --- Prescribed fire --- Fire management --- Vegetation management --- Burning of land --- Rangeland management --- Ecosystem management --- Natural resources --- Ranching --- Weed control --- Control --- Management
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This book presents the first empirically tested, comprehensive study on shifting cultivation in Mizoram. Shifting cultivation is a unique and centuries-old practice carried out by the people of Mizoram in Northeast India. Today, it is a non-economic activity as it does not produce sufficient crops, and as a result, the area under shifting cultivation is decreasing. Such cultivation leads to the burning and degradation of vast areas of forestland and therefore has adverse impacts on the floral and faunal resources. This book is a valuable resource for government workers, policymakers, academics, farmers and those who are directly or indirectly associated with practical farming, or with framing and implementing policies. It is equally important to master’s and Ph.D. students of geography, resource management, development, and environmental studies who are involved in research and development.
Shifting cultivation --- Bush fallow cultivation --- Cultivation, Shifting --- Forest fallow cultivation --- Shifting agriculture --- Slash and burn cultivation --- Swidden farming --- Agriculture --- Burning of land --- Clearing of land --- Cropping systems --- Fallowing --- Tillage --- Economic geography. --- Environmental geography. --- Economic development. --- Economic Geography. --- Environmental Geography. --- Regional Development. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Geography --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Commercial geography
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Deals with the management of fire in one of the world's most flammable landscapes: Australia's tropical savannas.
Savanna ecology --- Prescribed burning --- Burning of land --- Wilderness areas --- Lands, Protected wild --- Places, Protected wild --- Protected wild lands --- Protected wild places --- Protected wildlands --- Regions, Wilderness --- Wild lands, Protected --- Wild places, Protected --- Wilderness regions --- Wildlands, Protected --- National parks and reserves --- Natural areas --- Protected areas --- Burn beating --- Field burning --- Land burning --- Fire management --- Reclamation of land --- Controlled burning --- Planned burning --- Prescribed fire --- Vegetation management --- Savannas --- Ecology --- Conservation
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"This thoughtful ethnography provides a detailed account of a forest community on the Philippine island of Palawan grappling with the material and conceptual implications of a changing climate, including residents' sense of self-blame for environmental events. Swidden agriculture has long been considered the primary cause of deforestation throughout Southeast Asia. Following this logic, government authorities excluded the Indigenous people of Palawan from their ancestral lands after World War II and forced them to abandon traditional modes of land use. After adopting ostensibly modern and ecologically sustainable livelihoods, they have experienced drought and uncertain weather patterns, which they have blamed on their own failure to observe traditional social norms that are believed to regulate climate. Such norms, including local customary modes of punishment for violators of incest taboos and other transgressions, have, like swidden agriculture, been outlawed by the Philippine state. In Mountains of Blame, Will Smith uses historical records and over twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork to examine statements about changing weather, processes of dispossession, and experiences of climate-driven hunger that are related to Pala'wan narratives of self-blame, a personal response to climate change that is not uncommon among Indigenous peoples worldwide. He suggests that reckoning with these complexities requires questioning key assumptions in the global environmental policy narrative" Making Uma, imagining Kaingin -- Rooted place -- Insidious vulnerabilities -- El Nĩno and incest -- Placing blame.
Human beings --- Shifting cultivation --- Palawan (Philippine people) --- Blame --- Taut Batu (Philippine people) --- Ethnology --- Criticism, Personal --- Bush fallow cultivation --- Cultivation, Shifting --- Forest fallow cultivation --- Shifting agriculture --- Slash and burn cultivation --- Swidden farming --- Agriculture --- Burning of land --- Clearing of land --- Cropping systems --- Fallowing --- Tillage --- Homo sapiens --- Human race --- Humanity (Human beings) --- Humankind --- Humans --- Man --- Mankind --- People --- Hominids --- Persons --- Effect of environment on --- Land tenure. --- History --- Palawan Island (Philippines) --- Paragua Island (Philippines) --- Climate. --- Blame. --- Climatology. --- Shifting cultivation.
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630*26 --- 630*26 Combinations of forestry with agriculture and pastoral husbandry. Irrigated and floodland forests. Shelterbelts etc. and their treatment. Agroforestry --- Combinations of forestry with agriculture and pastoral husbandry. Irrigated and floodland forests. Shelterbelts etc. and their treatment. Agroforestry --- Hill farming --- Land use, Rural --- Rural development --- Shifting cultivation --- Bush fallow cultivation --- Cultivation, Shifting --- Forest fallow cultivation --- Shifting agriculture --- Slash and burn cultivation --- Swidden farming --- Agriculture --- Burning of land --- Clearing of land --- Cropping systems --- Fallowing --- Tillage --- Community development, Rural --- Development, Rural --- Integrated rural development --- Regional development --- Rehabilitation, Rural --- Rural community development --- Rural economic development --- Agriculture and state --- Community development --- Economic development --- Regional planning --- Rural land use --- Land use --- Alpine agriculture --- Alpine farming --- Hill agriculture --- Hillside farming --- Mountain agriculture --- Mountain farming --- Citizen participation --- Social aspects
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Les « mangeurs de forêts » ont mauvaise réputation. Parce qu’ils défrichent chaque année une parcelle de végétation avant d’y mettre le feu, les agriculteurs montagnards d’Asie du Sud-Est seraient les premiers responsables de la déforestation. Culturellement distincts de leurs voisins des plaines, ils font aussi figure de populations arriérées, incapables d’abandonner des pratiques qui les maintiendraient dans la pauvreté. D’où la nécessité de les déplacer et de les regrouper dans les vallées, pour les « sédentariser » et les « développer ». Tel est en tout cas le discours des Etats, souvent relayé et cautionné par les institutions internationales et les médias. Pourtant, l’agriculture sur brûlis n’est pas toujours et partout une aberration écologique ou économique. Chez les montagnards khmou du Nord-Laos, il s’agit d’un véritable mode de vie et non d’une technique de survie. L’agriculture sur brûlis exprime leur rapport à la nature, inspire leurs catégories mentales et leur système symbolique. Elle participe de la reproduction des liens sociaux dans les maisons et les villages. Elle structure enfin les relations qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs voisins et avec l’État. Ces « chroniques des cendres » restituent leur vision du monde et retracent l’histoire des relations interethniques au Nord-Laos. Elles témoignent aussi des liens complexes tissés par les minorités avec l’État-nation dans ce pays et de l’ampleur des recompositions sociales et territoriales en cours dans le contexte post-communiste contemporain.
Khmu' (Southeast Asian people) --- Khmu (Peuple d'Asie du Sud-Est) --- Social life and customs --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Laos --- Ethnic relations. --- Relations interethniques --- Shifting cultivation --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Southeast Asia --- Social conditions. --- Bush fallow cultivation --- Cultivation, Shifting --- Forest fallow cultivation --- Shifting agriculture --- Slash and burn cultivation --- Swidden farming --- Kamhmu (Southeast Asian people) --- Kammu (Southeast Asian people) --- Kamu (Southeast Asian people) --- Kha Mou (Southeast Asian people) --- Khamu (Southeast Asian people) --- Khamuk (Southeast Asian people) --- Kmhmu' (Southeast Asian people) --- Mou (Southeast Asian people) --- Pouteng (Southeast Asian people) --- Lao People's Democratic Republic --- Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxôn Lao --- People's Democratic Republic of Laos --- République démocratique populaire Lao --- Lao PDR --- Lao-Issara --- Laosskai︠a︡ Narodno-Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Sāthālanalat Pasāthipatai Pasāson Lāo --- Phrarātsaʻānāchak Lāo --- LNDR --- Lanxang --- Lan Xang --- Lan Sang --- Lan Chang --- ʻĀnāchak Lāo --- RDP lao --- Sō̜. Pō̜. Pō̜. Lāo --- Sō̜pō̜pō̜ Lāo --- Lao P.D.R. --- Saathiaranarath Prachhathipatay Prachhachhon Lao --- Cộng hòa dân chủ nhân dân Lào --- Royaume du Laos --- Social life and customs. --- Khơ mú (Southeast Asian people) --- Mứn Xen (Southeast Asian people) --- Pu Thênh (Southeast Asian people) --- Tày Hạy (Southeast Asian people) --- Tềnh (Southeast Asian people) --- Xá Cẩu (Southeast Asian people) --- Agriculture --- Burning of land --- Clearing of land --- Cropping systems --- Fallowing --- Tillage --- Ethnology --- French Indochina --- RDP Lao --- agriculture --- déforestation --- mobilité --- croyance --- minorité ethnique --- lignage --- société traditionnelle --- rituel --- organisation sociale --- identité culturelle --- mythe
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