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For the majority of scholars, the Animal Apocalypse is a militant text, a piece of pro-Maccabean propaganda. This text, however, develops theological reflections that are distinctly different from a justification of an armed struggle. Its themes are even incompatible with the Maccabean movement. It is impossible to condemn the Second Temple and, at the same time, mobilise people for a fight in order to purify that very Temple. After dealing with text-critical issues, this work challenges the thesis that the text is military propaganda through the use of narrative and historical approaches. The analyses, besides proposing a new way of a studying an apocalypse, spell out the peculiarity and the significance of the theology of the Animal Apocalypse in connection with the biblical history of Israel and the theology of the Qumran community.

Apocalyptic literature --- Propaganda --- History and criticism. --- Biblical teaching. --- Ethiopic book of Enoch LXXXV-XC --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Criticism, Narrative.

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Merkava. --- Mysticism --- Maʻaśeh merkavah (Jewish mysticism) --- Merkabah --- Merkavah --- Throne of God --- Judaism --- History. --- Hebrew book of Enoch. --- Shiʻur komah. --- Heikhalot zutrati. --- Heikhalot rabbati. --- Hekhalot zuṭrati --- Hekhalot zutarti --- Hekhalot rabati --- Sefer Hekhalot rabati --- Sefer Pirḳe Hekhalot --- Pirḳe Hekhalot --- Third Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Book of Enoch, Hebrew --- Bible. --- Enoch, Hebrew book of --- Heikhalot --- Sefer Heikhalot --- Hebrew Enoch --- Third book of Enoch --- 3 Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Sefer Hekhalot --- Hekhalot --- 3rd Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- 3rd book of Enoch --- Shiʻur qomah --- Sefer ha-ḳomah --- Mysticism - Judaism - History. --- Shiur komah.

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This volume contains selected papers from an international conference held in 2009 in Varna, Bulgaria. The papers represent major trends and developments in current research on the medieval Slavonic biblical tradition, primarily in comparison with Greek and Hebrew texts. The volume covers the translation of the canonical, apocryphal and pseudepigraphical books of the Old and New Testaments and its development over the ninth to sixteenth centuries. Another focus is on issues relating to Cyril and Methodius, the creators of the first Slavonic alphabet in the ninth century and the first translators of biblical books into Slavonic. The analytical approach in the volume is interdisciplinary, applying methodologies from textual criticism, philology, cultural and political history, and theology. It should be of value to Slavists, Hebraists and Byzantinists.

Slavonic book of Enoch --- 2 Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Second Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Book of Enoch, --- Book of the secrets of Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Secrets of Enoch, Book of the --- Slavonic Enoch, Book of the --- Bible. --- 2nd Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Slavisches Henochbuch (Apocryphal book) --- Slawisches Henochbuch (Apocryphal book) --- Slavonic apocalypse of Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Livre des secrets d'Hénoch (Apocryphal book) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc.

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The volume is a commentary on 1 Enoch chapters 91-108 that begins with the Ethiopic text tradition but also takes the Greek and Aramaic (Dead Sea Scrolls) evidence into account. This section of 1 Enoch, which contains material from at least five different documents composed some time during the 2nd century BCE, provides a window into the early stages of the reception of the earliest Enoch tradition, as it was being negotiated in relation to elitist religious opponents, on the one hand, and in relation to other Jewish traditions that were flourishing at the time. The commentary, at the beginning of which there is an extensive introduction, is structured in the following way: there is a translation for each unit of text (including the Greek and Aramaic where it exists, with the Greek and Ethiopic translations presented synoptically), followed by detailed textual notes that justify the translation and provide information on a full range of variations among the manuscripts. This, in turn, is followed by a General Comment on the unit of text; after this there are detailed notes on each subdivision of the text which attempt to situate the content within the stream of biblical interpretation and developing Jewish traditions of the Second Temple period. The five documents in 1 Enoch 91-108 are dealt with in the following order: (1) Apocalypse of Weeks (93:1-10; 91:11-17); (2) Admonition (91:1-10, 18-19); (3) Epistle of Enoch (92:1-5; 93:11-105:2; (4) Birth of Noah (106-107); and (5) the Eschatological Appendix (108).

229*209 --- 229*209 I Henoch (Ethiopische Henoch) --- I Henoch (Ethiopische Henoch) --- Apocryphal books (Old Testament) --- Old Testament apocryphal books --- Pseudepigraphal books (Old Testament) --- Ethiopic book of Enoch --- Bible. --- Book of Enoch, Ethiopic --- Enoch, Ethiopic Book of --- Book of the Ethiopic Enoch --- Äthiopischer Henoch --- Buch Henoch --- 1 Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- First Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- 1st Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Apocalypse of Weeks. --- Birth of Noah. --- Dead Sea Scrolls. --- Enoch. --- Ethiopic Enoch.

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This book examines four texts: 1 Enoch, 4QInstruction, Matthew and 2 Enoch. A common idea in these texts, which blend sapiential and apocalyptic elements, is that the revealing of wisdom to an elect group inaugurates the eschatological period. The emphasis on “revealed wisdom” is essentially apocalyptic, but facilitates the uptake of motifs, forms and language from the sapiential tradition and is important in explaining the fusion of the two traditions. In addition, revealed wisdom often has creational associations and this has significance for the notion of ethics in these texts. The book will interest anyone concerned with the development of Jewish and Christian eschatology and ethics. It also challenges the simplistic redactional assumptions of certain New Testament scholars.

Wisdom --- Eschatology. --- 236 --- Last things (Theology) --- Religious thought --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Religious aspects. --- Eschatologie. De novissimis --- Ethiopic book of Enoch --- 4QInstruction. --- Bible. --- Evangelie volgens Matteus --- Evangelie volgens Matthéüs --- Matʻae pogŭm --- Matai den --- Matai ni yoru fukuinsho --- Matius (Book of the New Testament) --- Mattá --- Matteo (Book of the New Testament) --- Matteus --- Matthäusevangelium --- Matthéüs --- Matthew (Book of the New Testament) --- Matthieu (Book of the New Testament) --- Sapiential work A --- Musar le-mevin --- Instruction (Dead Sea scroll) --- Mûsār le̳Mēvîn --- Dead Sea scrolls. --- 1Q/4QInstruction --- Book of Enoch, Ethiopic --- Enoch, Ethiopic Book of --- Book of the Ethiopic Enoch --- Äthiopischer Henoch --- Buch Henoch --- 1 Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- First Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- 1st Enoch (Apocryphal book) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Eschatology --- Eschatology, Jewish. --- Judaism --- Dogma. --- Eschatologie --- Eschatologie juive --- Judaïsme --- Dogme --- Doctrines. --- Doctrines --- Slavonic book of Enoch --- 4QInstruction --- Religious aspects