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Presenting the physics of the most challenging problems in condensed matter using the conceptual framework of quantum field theory, this book is of great interest to physicists in condensed matter and high energy and string theorists, as well as mathematicians. Revised and updated, this second edition features new chapters on the renormalization group, the Luttinger liquid, gauge theory, topological fluids, topological insulators and quantum entanglement. The book begins with the basic concepts and tools, developing them gradually to bring readers to the issues currently faced at the frontiers of research, such as topological phases of matter, quantum and classical critical phenomena, quantum Hall effects and superconductors. Other topics covered include one-dimensional strongly correlated systems, quantum ordered and disordered phases, topological structures in condensed matter and in field theory and fractional statistics.
High temperature superconductivity --- Hubbard model --- Antiferromagnetism --- Supraconductivité à hautes températures --- Hubbard, Modèle de --- High temperature superconductivity. --- Hubbard model. --- Antiferromagnetism. --- Supraconductivité à hautes températures --- Hubbard, Modèle de --- Ferromagnetism --- Model, Hubbard --- Energy-band theory of solids --- High critical temperature superconductivity --- High Tc superconductivity --- Superconductivity
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Antiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging topic in spintronics that is attracting interest due to its wide range of advantages, including terahertz operation, memory without stray fields, and highly efficient spin generation. The discussion of this topic covers aspects ranging from the development of new antiferromagnetic materials to the applications of these materials in devices. Traditionally, antiferromagnets were treated as less common magnetic materials for fundamental studies and applications. However, recent miniaturisation and high-frequency operation have revealed that they are advantageous over conventional ferromagnets. This Special Issue reviews the current status and future perspectives of antiferromagnetic spintronics.
magnetoelectric effect --- antiferromagnetism --- Cr2O3 thin film --- exchange bias --- antiferromagnetic spintronics --- spintronics --- MnN --- magnetism and magnetic materials --- antiferromagnets --- Heusler alloys --- blocking temperature --- spintronic devices --- perpendicular magnetic anisotropy --- ferrimagnet --- perpendicular exchange bias --- amorphous thin films --- spintronic applications --- magnons --- synthetic antiferromagnets --- antiferromagnetic resonance --- micromagnetics --- spin pumping --- spin-orbit torque --- insulating antiferromagnet --- sub-terahertz waves --- spin-Hall effect --- garnet ferrite --- compensated ferrimagnet --- metal organic decomposition --- n/a
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This thesis presents a qualitative advance in our understanding of quantum effects in layered magnetic materials. The nearest neighbor Heisenberg ferromagnetic ranks among the oldest and most fundamental models of quantum many body effects. It has long been established that in one dimension quantum fluctuations lead to a quantum disordered ground state with fractional excitations called spinons." In two dimensions, the ground state of the Heisenberg model displays static order and to first approximation the dynamics can be described as semi-classical spin waves. Through theoretical advances the author demonstrates that at high energy around particular points in reciprocal space these semi-classical spin-waves deconfine into fractional excitations akin to the one-dimensional spinons. He thereby provides the first explanation of a long-standing experimental observation. In the second half of his thesis Bastien Dalla Piazza develops a unified description of the magnetic excitation spectra of a range of cuprate parent compounds to the high temperature superconductors.
Electricity & Magnetism --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Antiferromagnetism. --- Lattice theory. --- Lattices (Mathematics) --- Space lattice (Mathematics) --- Structural analysis (Mathematics) --- Algebra, Abstract --- Algebra, Boolean --- Group theory --- Set theory --- Topology --- Transformations (Mathematics) --- Crystallography, Mathematical --- Ferromagnetism --- Magnetism. --- Quantum theory. --- Optical materials. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Quantum Information Technology, Spintronics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Magnetic materials. --- Quantum computers. --- Spintronics. --- Quantum physics. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronic materials --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Computers --- Materials --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Optics --- Fluxtronics --- Spinelectronics
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This thesis shows how a combination of analytic and numerical techniques, such as a time dependent and finite temperature Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) technique, can be used to obtain the physical properties of low dimensional quantum magnets with an unprecedented level of accuracy. A comparison between the theory and experiment then enables these systems to be used as quantum simulators; for example, to test various generic properties of low dimensional systems such as Luttinger liquid physics, the paradigm of one dimensional interacting quantum systems. Application of these techniques to a material made of weakly coupled ladders (BPCB) allowed the first quantitative test of Luttinger liquids. In addition, other physical quantities (magnetization, specific heat etc.), and more remarkably the spin-spin correlations – directly measurable in neutron scattering experiments – were in excellent agreement with the observed quantities. We thus now have tools to quantitatively assess the dynamics for this class of quantum systems.
Antiferromagnetism. --- Oxides --Magnetic properties. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Electrical Engineering --- Magnetism. --- Quantum theory. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics. --- Quantum physics. --- Solid state physics. --- Quantum computers. --- Spintronics. --- Quantum Information Technology, Spintronics. --- Solid State Physics. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Solids --- Fluxtronics --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Spinelectronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Computers
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Molecular magnets show many properties not met in conventional metallic magnetic materials, i.e. low density, transparency to electromagnetic radiation, sensitivity to external stimuli such as light, pressure, temperature, chemical modification or magnetic/electric fields, and others. They can serve as “functional” materials in sensors of different types or be applied in high-density magnetic storage or nanoscale devices. Research into molecule-based materials became more intense at the end of the 20th century and is now an important branch of modern science. The articles in this Special Issue, written by physicists and chemists, reflect the current work on molecular magnets being carried out in several research centers. Theoretical papers in the issue concern the influence of spin anisotropy in the low dimensional lattice of the resulting type of magnet, as well as thermodynamics and magnetic excitations in spin trimers. The impact of external pressure on structural and magnetic properties and its underlying mechanisms is described using the example of Prussian blue analogue data. The other functionality discussed is the magnetocaloric effect, investigated in coordination polymers and high spin clusters. In this issue, new molecular magnets are presented: (i) ferromagnetic high-spin [Mn6] single-molecule magnets, (ii) solvatomagnetic compounds changing their structure and magnetism dependent on water content, and (iii) a family of purely organic magnetic materials. Finally, an advanced calorimetric study of anisotropy in magnetic molecular superconductors is reviewed.
molecular magnetism --- phase diagram --- superconductivity --- molecular magnets --- magnetism --- thermodynamics --- ?-d system --- cyclam --- critical behaviour --- redox --- exact diagonalization --- salicylamidoxime --- thermodynamic measurement --- magnetic conductor --- quantum magnet --- radical anion --- single crystal heat capacity measurement --- effect of high pressure --- square lattice --- single-molecule magnets --- cyano bridge --- Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition --- coordination polymers --- Prussian blue analogues --- chain --- antiferromagnetism --- dioxothiadiazole --- inelastic neutron scattering --- spin anisotropy --- rectangular lattice --- superexchange interaction --- Heisenberg exchange Hamiltonian --- Heisenberg --- S = 1/2 XXZ model --- antiferromagnetic coupling --- manganese(III) --- spin clusters --- magnetic properties --- magnetocaloric effect --- crystal structure --- copper(II) --- octacyanotungstate(V) --- octacyanometallates
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"Spin glasses are disordered magnetic systems that have led to the development of mathematical tools with an array of real-world applications, from airline scheduling to neural networks. Spin Glasses and Complexity offers the most concise, engaging, and accessible introduction to the subject, fully explaining what spin glasses are, why they are important, and how they are opening up new ways of thinking about complexity. This one-of-a-kind guide to spin glasses begins by explaining the fundamentals of order and symmetry in condensed matter physics and how spin glasses fit into--and modify--this framework. It then explores how spin-glass concepts and ideas have found applications in areas as diverse as computational complexity, biological and artificial neural networks, protein folding, immune response maturation, combinatorial optimization, and social network modeling. Providing an essential overview of the history, science, and growing significance of this exciting field, Spin Glasses and Complexity also features a forward-looking discussion of what spin glasses may teach us in the future about complex systems. This is a must-have book for students and practitioners in the natural and social sciences, with new material even for the experts"--
Computational complexity. --- Spin glasses. --- Glasses, Magnetic --- Glasses, Spin --- Magnetic glasses --- Complexity, Computational --- 530.412 --- Magnetic alloys --- Nuclear spin --- Solid state physics --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- EdwardsЁnderson Hamiltonian. --- EdwardsЁnderson model. --- Hamiltonian. --- Herb Simon. --- Kondo effect. --- NK model. --- Phil Anderson. --- SherringtonЋirkpatrick model. --- Warren Weaver. --- antiferromagnetism. --- broken symmetry. --- combinatorial optimization. --- complex systems. --- complexity studies. --- complexity. --- computational complexity. --- computer science. --- condensed matter physics. --- condensed matter. --- dimension. --- dimensionality. --- dynamical behavior. --- ferromagnetism. --- ground state. --- immune response maturation. --- invariance. --- magnetic alloys. --- magnetic materials. --- magnetic systems. --- mathematicians. --- mean field theory. --- neural networks. --- nonequilibrium. --- order parameter. --- order. --- ordinary glasses. --- paramagnetism. --- phase transition. --- phase transitions. --- physics. --- prebiotic evolution. --- protein conformational dynamics. --- protein conformational folding. --- protein folding. --- quenched disorder. --- replica symmetry breaking. --- social network modeling. --- solid state magnetism. --- spin glass science. --- spin glasses. --- spin. --- spinгpin interaction. --- symmetry. --- thermodynamic equilibrium. --- thermodynamics.
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