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What is a fair distribution of resources and other goods when individuals are partly responsible for their achievements? This book develops a theory of fairness incorporating a concern for personal responsibility, opportunities and freedom. With a critical perspective, it makes accessible the recent developments in economics and philosophy that define social justice in terms of equal opportunities. It also proposes new perspectives and original ideas. The book separates mathematical sections from the rest of the text, so that the main concepts and ideas are easily accessible to non-technical readers. It is often thought that responsibility is a complex notion, but this monograph proposes a simple analytical framework that makes it possible to disentangle the different concepts of fairness that deal with neutralizing inequalities for which the individuals are not held responsible, rewarding their effort, respecting their choices, or staying neutral with respect to their responsibility sphere. It dwells on paradoxes and impossibilities only as a way to highlight important ethical options and always proposes solutions and reasonable compromises among the conflicting values surrounding equality and responsibility. The theory is able to incorporate disincentive problems and is illustrated in the examination of applied policy issues such as: income redistribution when individuals may be held responsible for their choices of labor supply or education; social and private insurance when individuals may be held responsible for their risky lifestyle; second chance policies; the measurement of inequality of opportunities and social mobility.
Social justice --- Welfare economics --- Responsibility --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Sociological theories --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- General ethics --- Social policy --- Income --- 330.56 --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Equality --- Justice --- Accountability --- Moral responsibility --- Obligation --- Ethics --- Supererogation --- 330.56 Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- Responsibility. --- Social justice. --- Welfare economics.
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Is GDP a good proxy for social welfare? Building on economic theory, this book confirms that it is not, but also that most alternatives to it share its basic flaw, i.e., a focus on specific aspects of people's lives without sufficiently taking account of people's values and goals. A better approach is possible.
Welfare economics. --- Gross domestic product. --- Economic policy. --- Social policy. --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Domestic product, Gross --- GDP --- Gross national product --- Welfare economics --- Gross domestic product --- E-books --- Producte interior brut --- Economia del benestar --- Política social --- Política econòmica --- Economia --- Ajuda econòmica --- Ajustament estructural --- Arbitrisme --- Assistència tècnica --- Autarquia --- Deflació --- Desenvolupament econòmic --- Dret industrial --- Economia internacional --- Estabilització econòmica --- Estat del benestar --- Industrialització --- Integració econòmica --- Liberalisme --- Política agrícola --- Política comercial --- Política d'intervenció --- Política de desenvolupament --- Política de despeses públiques --- Política de plena ocupació --- Política de rendes --- Política fiscal --- Política industrial --- Política laboral --- Política monetària --- Política pesquera --- Política regional --- Política turística --- Proteccionisme --- Préstecs de l'Estat --- Reforma agrària --- Sancions (Dret internacional) --- Sancions econòmiques --- Seguretat econòmica --- Sistemes econòmics comparats --- Subvencions --- Seguretat nacional --- Planejament social --- Planificació social --- Història social --- Acció social --- Democràcia cristiana --- Multiculturalisme --- Política alimentària --- Política de l'habitatge --- Política de la joventut --- Política demogràfica --- Política educativa --- Política energètica --- Política sanitària --- Política urbana --- Programes socials --- Benestar social --- Integració social --- Benestar (Economia) --- Béns públics --- Elecció social --- Externalitats (Economia) --- Qualitat de vida --- PIB --- Indicadors macroeconòmics --- Creixement econòmic --- Política de despesa pública
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"The definition and measurement of social welfare have been a vexed issue for the past century. This book makes a constructive, easily applicable proposal and suggests how to evaluate the economic situation of a society in a way that gives priority to the worse-off and that respects each individual's preferences over his or her own consumption, work, leisure and so on. This approach resonates with the current concern to go 'beyond the GDP' in the measurement of social progress. Compared to technical studies in welfare economics, this book emphasizes constructive results rather than paradoxes and impossibilities, and shows how one can start from basic principles of efficiency and fairness and end up with concrete evaluations of policies. Compared to more philosophical treatments of social justice, this book is more precise about the definition of social welfare and reaches conclusions about concrete policies and institutions only after a rigorous derivation from clearly stated principles"--
Social justice --- Welfare economics --- Fairness --- Impartiality --- Conduct of life --- Justice --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Social policy --- Equality --- E-books --- Social justice. --- Welfare economics. --- Fairness. --- Business, Economy and Management
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This volume presents interviews that have been conducted from the 1980s to the present with important scholars of social choice and welfare theory. Starting with a brief history of social choice and welfare theory written by the book editors, it features 15 conversations with four Nobel Laureates and other key scholars in the discipline. The volume is divided into two parts. The first part presents four conversations with the founding fathers of modern social choice and welfare theory: Kenneth Arrow, John Harsanyi, Paul Samuelson, and Amartya Sen. The second part includes conversations with scholars who made important contributions to the discipline from the early 1970s onwards. This book will appeal to anyone interested in the history of economics, and the history of social choice and welfare theory in particular.
Mathematics --- Political science --- Microeconomics. --- Philosophy. --- Price theory --- Economics --- Political philosophy --- Logic of mathematics --- Mathematics, Logic of --- Finance, Public. --- History of Economic Thought and Methodology. --- Public Economics. --- Political Philosophy. --- Philosophy of Mathematics. --- History. --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Public finances --- Currency question
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The utilitarian economist and Nobel Laureate John Harsanyi and the liberal egalitarian philosopher John Rawls were two of the most eminent scholars writing on problems of social justice in the last century. This volume pays tribute to Harsanyi and Rawls by investigating themes that figure prominently in their work. In some cases, the contributors explore issues considered by Harsanyi and Rawls in more depth and from novel perspectives. In others, the contributors use the work of Harsanyi and Rawls as points of departure for pursuing the construction of theories for the evaluation of social justice. The introductory essay by the editors provides background information on the relevant economics, game theory, philosophy, and social choice theory, as well as readers' guides to the individual contributions, to make this volume widely accessible to scholars in a wide range of disciplines.
Justice. --- Liberalism --- Utilitarianism --- Liberalism. --- Utilitarianism. --- Harsanyi, John C. --- Rawls, John, --- Justice --- Ethics --- Hedonism --- Philosophy --- Liberal egalitarianism --- Liberty --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Injustice --- Conduct of life --- Law --- Common good --- Fairness --- Roljŭ, J., --- Rōruzu, Jon, --- Hársanyi, János --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics
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This collection of thirteen essays on social ethics and normative economics honouring Serge-Christophe Kolm's seminal contributions to this field addresses the following questions: How should the public sector price its production and services? What are the normative foundations of criteria for comparing distributions of riches and advantages? How should intergenerational social immobility and inequality in circumstances be measured? What is a fair way to form partnerships? How vulnerable to manipulation is the Lindahl rule for allocating public goods? What are the properties of Kolm's ELIE tax proposal? Would the addition of EU-level income taxes enhance equity? How should we compare different scenarios for future societies with different population sizes? How can domain conditions in social choice theory be justified using Kolm's epistemic counterfactuals? How can Kolm's distributive liberal contract be implemented? What are the implications of norms of reciprocity for the organization of society? The answers to these questions give major insight into the state-of-the-art of social ethics and normative economics and are thus an indispensable source for researchers in both of these fields.
Business. --- Income distribution. --- Normative economics -- Congresses. --- Social ethics -- Congresses. --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Social ethics. --- Normative economics. --- Ethics. --- Economic theory. --- Microeconomics. --- Public finance. --- Sociology. --- Economics. --- Public Economics. --- Sociology, general. --- Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods. --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Currency question --- Price theory --- Economics --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Economic man --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Ethics --- Social problems --- Sociology --- Public finances
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Le risque comme l’expertise sont des sujets d’une rare richesse, comme le confirme la vaste littérature sur ces questions. Lorsqu’ils sont croisés, les difficultés que chacun d’entre eux soulève s’en trouvent renforcées. Le présent ouvrage est le produit des sixièmes conférences Pierre Duhem qui avaient pour thème : risque et expertise. Il rassemble les textes originaux de l’économiste Marc Fleurbaey et du philosophe Sven Ove Hansson, ainsi que les échanges qu’ils ont eus avec les commentateurs Mikaël Cozic, Minh Ha-Duong et Emmanuel Henry. Un essai introductif, d’Alexandre Guay, complète le tout.
History & Philosophy Of Science --- théorie de la connaissance --- expertise --- risque --- théorie de la décision
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Philosophie, sociologie, anthropologie, études littéraires, linguistique, histoire, géographie, psychologie, musicologie, esthétique, histoire de l’art, économie, sciences politiques, droit, archéologie… : les disciplines couvertes par les sciences humaines et sociales sont vastes et variées. À toutes incombent d’analyser, comprendre, décrire le monde et la façon dont les hommes, les femmes et plus largement le vivant l’ont habité, l’habitent et l’habiteront. Toutes partagent une réflexion sur un sujet rendu majeur par la crise environnementale, les bouleversements numériques, les inégalités sociales et les conflits : comment faire « monde commun », pour reprendre la formule de Hannah Arendt ? L’ouvrage propose une centaine de contributions portant sur des questions contemporaines, qui font écho aux objectifs de développement durable identifiés par l’Organisation des Nations unies (la réduction de la pauvreté, des inégalités éducatives, la protection de la planète, etc.) et explorent la manière dont la recherche actuelle en sciences humaines et sociales y répond. Méthodes, hypothèses et théorisations, mesures et approches ethnographiques, analyses et exégèses constituent autant d’outils permettant aux lecteurs de penser, d’habiter, de réparer ou de transformer nos univers communs. Un ouvrage richement illustré qui incarne une communauté de recherche dans toute sa diversité.
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