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This is the second volume in a series of books on selected topics in Nanoscale Science and Technology based on lectures given at the well-known INFN schools of the same name. The aim of this collection is to provide a reference corpus of suitable, introductory material to relevant subfields, as they mature over time, by gathering the significantly expanded and edited versions of tutorial lectures, given over the years by internationally known experts. The present set of notes stems in particular from the participation and dedication of prestigious lecturers, such as Andrzej Huczko, Nicola Pugno, Alexander Malesevic, Pasquale Onorato and Stefano Bellucci. All lectures were subsequently carefully edited and reworked, taking into account the extensive follow-up discussions. A tutorial lecture by Huczko et al. shows how a variety of carbon and ceramic nanostructures (nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibres, nanorods, and nanoencapsulates) have in particular great potential for improving our understanding of the fundamental concepts of the roles of both dimensionality and size on physical material properties . Bellucci and Onorato provide an extensive and tutorial review of the (quantum) transport properties in carbon nanotubes, encompassing a description of the electronic structure from graphene to single-wall nanotubes, as well as a discussion of experimental evidence of superconductivity in carbon nanotubes and the corresponding theoretical interpretation. In the first contribution by Pugno, new ideas on how to design futuristic self-cleaning, super-adhesive and releasable hierarchical smart materials are presented. He also reviews the mechanical strength of such nanotubes and megacables, with an eye to the visionary project of a carbon nanotube-based ‘space elevator megacable’. In his second contribution, Pugno outlines in detail the role on the fracture strength of thermodynamically unavoidable atomistic defects with different size and shape, both numerically and theoretically, for nanotubes and nanotube bundles. Focusing on graphitic allotropes, the chapter by Bellucci and Malesevic aims to give a taste of the widespread implications carbon nanostructures have on research and applications, starting from an historical overview, followed by a discussion of the structure and physical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene, in particular in the context of the several different synthesis techniques presently available.

Ceramics. --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Technology - General --- Materials Science --- Atomic Physics --- Carbon. --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Physics. --- Nanochemistry. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- High technology --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Group 14 elements --- Light elements --- Nanoscale chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Nanoscience --- Analytical chemistry --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science

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This is the third volume in a series of books on selected topics in Nanoscale Science and Technology based on lectures given at the well-known Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) schools of the same name.  The present set of notes stems in particular from the participation and dedication of prestigious lecturers, such as Nunzio Motta, Fulvia Patella, Alexandr Toropov, and Anna Sgarlata.  All lectures have been carefully edited and reworked, taking into account extensive follow-up discussions. A tutorial lecture by Motta et al. presents the analysis of the Poly(3-hexylthiophene) self assembly on carbon nanotubes and discusses how the interaction between the two materials forms a new hybrid nanostructure, with potential application to future solar cells technology.  In their contribution, Patella et al. review quantum dots of III-V compounds, which offer appealing perspectives for more sophisticated applications in new generation devices such as single-photon emitters for nano-photonics and quantum computing.  Focusing on self-assembled quantum dots, the chapter by Alexandr Toropov et al. provides a comprehensive review of some important aspects in the formation of quantum dots and presents the results of the authors’ extensive investigation of the features of droplet epitaxy.   The fourth contribution, by Sgarlata et al., focuses on recent progress toward controlled growth of self-assembled nanostructures, dealing with the shaping, ordering and localization in Ge/Si heteroepitaxy and reviewing recent results on the self-organization of Ge nanostructures at Si surfaces. Presents cutting-edge research on self-assembled nanostructures Includes contributions from prestigious researchers on topics ranging from quantum dots to self-assembly on carbon nanotubes Based on lectures given at the renowned INFN schools in Frascati, Italy.

Nanostructures. --- Self-assembly (Chemistry). --- Nanostructures --- Self-assembly (Chemistry) --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Technology - General --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Physics. --- Nanochemistry. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- High technology --- Nanoscience --- Self-organizing systems --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Engineering. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Nanoscale chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Analytical chemistry --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science

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This edited collection is a global history of workers’ organisations since 1919, the year when the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the Comintern and the International Federation of Trade Unions were formed. This historical moment represents a caesura in labour history as it epitomises the beginning of what the editors and the contributors in this book call the internationalisation of the labour question. The case studies in this centenary volume analyse the relationship between global workers’ organisations and the new ideological confrontation between liberal capitalism, socialism and communism since the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. Workers’ organisations, trade unions in particular, grew in importance and managed to organise internationally, forming alliances cemented by ideology and sustained by international institutional bodies or centrals. In the nascent capitalist versus communist struggle, trade unions thrived. Is it mere coincidence that today’s decline of unionism coincides with the end of ideological antagonism? This book emphasises important global labour issues such as gender as well as international workers’ histories from Latin America, Asia and Africa.

Labor movement. --- Labor and laboring classes --- Social movements --- Labor—History. --- World history. --- World politics. --- Social history. --- Labor History. --- World History, Global and Transnational History. --- Political History. --- Social History. --- Universal history --- History --- Colonialism --- Global politics --- International politics --- Political history --- Political science --- World history --- Eastern question --- Geopolitics --- International organization --- International relations --- Descriptive sociology --- Social conditions --- Social history --- Sociology

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This book is based upon lectures presented in June 2007 at the INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati School on Attractor Mechanism, directed by Stefano Bellucci. The symposium included such prestigious lecturers as S. Ferrara, M. Günaydin, P. Levay, and T. Mohaupt. All lectures were given at a pedagogical, introductory level, which is reflected in the specific "flavor" of this volume. The book also benefits from extensive discussions about, and related reworking of, the various contributions. In addition, this volume contains contributions originating from short presentations of recent original results and an essay on the relation between complexity science and high-energy physics by A. Zichichi. It is the fourth volume in a series of books on the general topics of supersymmetry, supergravity, black holes and the attractor mechanism.

Physics. --- Supergravity. --- Supersymmetry. --- Supergravity --- Mathematics --- Physics --- Atomic Physics --- Nuclear Physics --- Algebra --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Attractors (Mathematics) --- Attracting sets (Mathematics) --- Attractors of a dynamical system --- Dynamical system, Attractors of --- Sets, Attracting (Mathematics) --- Gravitation. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Particle acceleration. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Differentiable dynamical systems --- Quantum theory. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Nuclear physics --- Acceleration --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Relativity (Physics) --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Quantum theory --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Properties --- Frascati <2007>

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This book is based upon lectures presented in the summer of 2009 at the INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati School on Attractor Mechanism, directed by Stefano Bellucci. The symposium included such prestigious lecturers as S. Ferrara,  G. Dall'Agata, J.F. Morales, J. Simón and M. Trigiante. All lectures were given at a pedagogical, introductory level, which is reflected in the specific "flavor" of this volume. The book also benefits from extensive discussions about, and the related reworking of, the various contributions. It is the fifth volume in a series of books on the general topics of supersymmetry, supergravity, black holes and the attractor mechanism.

Black holes (Astronomy). --- Supergravity. --- Supersymmetry. --- Supersymmetry --- Supergravity --- Black holes (Astronomy) --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Physics. --- Mathematical physics. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Gravitation. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Mathematical Physics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Mathematics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties