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This is an open access book. This book focuses on the durability problems of existing prestressed concrete (PC) structures caused by strand corrosion, clarifies the mechanical behavior of corroded prestressing strands, corrosion-induced cracking, bond degradation, prestress loss and structural performance deterioration of PC structures, and proposes the corresponding prediction models. We hope that this text may be useful for those who work in the field of civil and construction engineering, as well as for those involved in the area of maintenance and management of prestressed concrete structures. Its aim is to provide the knowledge, tools, and methods to understand the deterioration phenomena of prestressed concrete structures. It is suitable for teachers and students majoring in civil engineering in universities, and researchers in the field of civil engineering. It is also suitable for practitioners of design institutes, construction units, supervising units and traffic management departments. This book is also applicable to anyone else who wants to understand the corrosion of strand. Enthusiasts of civil engineering are also a potential audience. At the same time, this book can also stimulate the interest of young scholars in interdisciplinary research.

Civil engineering. --- Buildings --- Building materials. --- Civil Engineering. --- Building Construction and Design. --- Structural Materials. --- Design and construction. --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Materials --- Engineering --- Public works

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This book is composed of ten chapters. Based on systematic description of research achievements of the project of ultra-fine grain steels and their engineering applications, new theories of microstructural refinement and the newly developed technologies in production of high strength and high toughness steels are introduced. The book features the integration of materials science with engineering technology. In the scope of theories of the strengthening and toughening of ultra-fine grain steels, the theory of deformation induced ferrite transformation (DIFT) for ferrite-pearlite steels has been put forward. The phenomenon of ultra-fine grain refinement effect by the existing precipitates of nanometer size in the steel produced by using thin slab casting and rolling (TSCR) has been discovered and analyzed. The theory of deformation induced precipitation and medium temperature phase transformation control for bainitic steels has been proposed. The theory of resistance against delayed fracturing of high strength and high toughness alloy structural steels has been established. In the aspect of production technologies, some production technologies for obtaining ultra-fine grains and high strength high toughness of steels are introduced. The chemical metallurgy, solidification technique, and welding technique etc. for ultra-fine grain steels are introduced. In the aspect of engineering applications of ultra-fine grain high strength and high toughness steels, all the trial applications and commercial applications in the areas of civil constructions, automobile manufacturing and engineering machinery etc. are described. The book provides theoretical concepts and engineering application technologies for the research, production, and application of ultra-fine grain steels.

Iron -- Metallurgy. --- Iron alloys. --- Iron. --- Steel -- Metallurgy. --- Steel alloys. --- Steel. --- Materials Science --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Iron --- Steel --- Metallurgy. --- Siderurgy --- Ferroalloys --- Ferrous alloys --- Materials science. --- Structural materials. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Materials Science, general. --- Structural Materials. --- Metallic Materials. --- Alloys --- Materials. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Material science --- Physical sciences

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Synthesis and application of nanoparticles have been often reported by researchers in material science, chemistry and physics. While nanoparticles themselves are well known to exhibit fascinating characteristics. interest in their improvement and promotion is now turning to the hybridization of organic and/or inorganic nano-materials. Although nano-level hybridization is an outstandingly novel and original technique, it encounters many difficulties to achieving the desired industrial application. To thoroughly review the research in this field, this book focuses on the synthesis, characterization and process of nano-hybrid materials, including nanoparticles and ultra-thin films. It elucidates the fundamental aspects of nano-hybrid materials in the synthesis procedure, characterization, and processes with selected examples, from both the basic science and the engineering applications points of view. In fact, this is the first comprehensive compilation of new advances that covers the current status and topics of new synthetic information of nano-hybrid materials composed of organic and/or inorganic materials at the nano-meter level, in one volume. As such, the book provides a unique source of information and guidance for specialists and non-specialists alike.

Hybridization. --- Nanostructured materials. --- Organic materials. --- Nanostructured materials --- Hybridization --- Materials Science --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Nanotechnology. --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- Materials science. --- Physical chemistry. --- Engineering. --- Structural materials. --- Materials --- Thin films. --- Materials Science. --- Structural Materials. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Engineering, general. --- Surfaces. --- High technology --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology

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It is about 15 years that the carbon nanotubes have been discovered by Sumio Iijima in a transmission electron microscope. Since that time, these long hollow cylindrical carbon molecules have revealed being remarkable nanostructures for several aspects. They are composed of just one element, Carbon, and are easily produced by several techniques. A nanotube can bend easily but still is very robust. The nanotubes can be manipulated and contacted to external electrodes. Their diameter is in the nanometer range, whereas their length may exceed several micrometers, if not several millimeters. In diameter, the nanotubes behave like molecules with quantized energy levels, while in length, they behave like a crystal with a continuous distribution of momenta. Depending on its exact atomic structure, a single-wall nanotube –that is to say a nanotube composed of just one rolled-up graphene sheet– may be either a metal or a semiconductor. The nanotubes can carry a large electric current, they are also good thermal conductors. It is not surprising, then, that many applications have been proposed for the nanotubes. At the time of writing, one of their most promising applications is their ability to emit electrons when subjected to an external electric field. Carbon nanotubes can do so in normal vacuum conditions with a reasonable voltage threshold, which make them suitable for cold-cathode devices.

materiaalkennis --- halfgeleiders --- Electronics and optics of solids --- nanotechniek --- transistoren --- Materials sciences --- Electrical engineering --- materialen (technologie) --- Nanostructured materials --- Nanotubes --- Carbon --- Tubes --- Nanomatériaux --- Carbone --- Congresses --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVCHIMI SPRINGER-B --- Materials. --- Engineering. --- Nanotechnology. --- Optical materials. --- Materials Science, general. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Structural Materials. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Optics --- Materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials science. --- Structural materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronic materials --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- NATO

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This open access book discusses advances in semantic interoperability for materials modelling, aiming at integrating data obtained from different methods and sources into common frameworks, and facilitating the development of platforms where simulation services in computational molecular engineering can be provided as well as coupled and linked to each other in a standardized and reliable way. The Virtual Materials Marketplace (VIMMP), which is open to all service providers and clients, provides a framework for offering and accessing such services, assisting the uptake of novel modelling and simulation approaches by SMEs, consultants, and industrial R&D end users. Semantic assets presented include the EngMeta metadata schema for research data infrastructures in simulation-based engineering and the collection of ontologies from VIMMP, including the ontology for simulation, modelling, and optimization (OSMO) and the VIMMP software ontology (VISO).

Materials science --- Public administration --- Structural Materials --- Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing --- Materials Engineering --- Computer and Information Systems Applications --- VIMMP marketplace --- Materials modelling ontology --- EngMeta metadata schema --- OSMO ontology --- Computational molecular engineering --- Open Access --- Structural engineering --- Information technology: general issues