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Modern scientific research has changed so much since Isaac Newton's day: it is more professional, collaborative and international, with more complicated equipment and a more diverse community of researchers. Yet the use of scientific journals to report, share and store results is a thread that runs through the history of science from Newton's day to ours. Scientific journals are now central to academic research and careers. Their editorial and peer-review processes act as a check on new claims and findings, and researchers build their careers on the list of journal articles they have published. The journal that reported Newton's optical experiments still exists. First published in 1665, and now fully digital, the Philosophical Transactions has carried papers by Charles Darwin, Dorothy Hodgkin and Stephen Hawking. It is now one of eleven journals published by the Royal Society of London. Unrivalled insights from the Royal Society's comprehensive archives have enabled the authors to investigate more than 350 years of scientific journal publishing. The editorial management, business practices and financial difficulties of the Philosophical Transactions and its sibling Proceedings reveal the meaning and purpose of journals in a changing scientific community. At a time when we are surrounded by calls to reform the academic publishing system, it has never been more urgent that we understand its history.

Science --- History. --- Royal Society (Great Britain) --- Royal society --- Science publishing

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Sibbaldia exists to give horticulturists and managers a voice and to bring the work they do to a worldwide audience.

Botanical gardens --- Horticulture --- Botanical gardens. --- Horticulture. --- Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh --- Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.

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royal studies --- history --- politics --- political history --- monarchy --- Kings and rulers --- Queens --- Royal houses --- Rois et souverains --- Reines --- Maisons royales --- Kings and rulers. --- Queens. --- Royal houses. --- History --- Histoire

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In recent decades the history of premodern states and empires has undergone major revision. At the heart of this process stood the court, encompassing the household as well as government institutions. This volume for the first time brings together the fruits of research on royal courts from antiquity to the modern world, from Asia to Europe. The authors are acknowledged specialists in their own fields, but they address themes relevant for all courts: the inner and outer dimensions of court architecture as well as staff organizations; the connections between court, capital, and realm; the relationship of the ruler with relatives and other elites. This volume pioneers comparative history combining a rich empirical orientation with a critical assessment of theoretical perspectives. This title is available online in its entirety in Open Access Contributors: Tülay Artan, Gojko Barjamovic, Peter Fibiger Bang, Jeroen Duindam, Sabine Dabringhaus, Nadia Maria El Cheikh, Ebba Koch, Metin Kunt, Paul Magdalino, Rosamond McKitterick, Ruth Macrides, Rolf Strootman, Isenbike Togan, Maria Antonietta Visceglia, and Andrew Wallace-Hadrill.

Courts and courtiers - History. --- Courts and courtiers -- History. --- Courts and courtiers. --- Royal houses - History. --- Royal houses -- History. --- Royal houses. --- Courts and courtiers --- Royal houses --- Anthropology --- Social Sciences --- Manners & Customs --- History --- History. --- Dynasties (Royal houses) --- Royal families --- Royalty --- Court and courtiers --- Courtiers --- Maisons royales --- Kings and rulers --- Manners and customs --- Favorites, Royal --- Queens --- Etiquette --- Cour et courtisans --- Savoir-vivre --- Histoire --- leiders --- kapitaal --- opvolging --- ceremony --- elite --- ritual --- paleizen --- succession --- capitals --- palaces --- ceremonie --- rulers --- princes --- ritueel --- elites --- prinses

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First Published in 1980. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Colonies --- United States --- Great Britain --- History --- stamp --- act --- salutary --- neglect --- royal --- african --- company --- crisis --- rockinghams --- ministry