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In recent years, the availability of large annotated corpora, together with a new interest in the empirical foundation and validation of linguistic theory and description, has sparked a surge of novel work using corpus methods to study the grammar of natural languages. This volume presents recent developments and advances, firstly, in corpus-oriented grammar research with a special focus on Germanic, Slavic, and Romance languages and, secondly, in corpus linguistic methodology as well as the application of corpus methods to grammar-related fields. The volume results from the sixth international conference Grammar and Corpora (GaC 2016), which took place at the Institute for the German Language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany, in November 2016.

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This volume seeks to infer large phylogenetic networks from phonetically encoded lexical data and contribute in this way to the historical study of language varieties. The technical step that enables progress in this case is the use of causal inference algorithms. Sample sets of words from language varieties are preprocessed into automatically inferred cognate sets, and then modeled as information-theoretic variables based on an intuitive measure of cognate overlap. Causal inference is then applied to these variables in order to determine the existence and direction of influence among the varieties. The directed arcs in the resulting graph structures can be interpreted as reflecting the existence and directionality of lexical flow, a unified model which subsumes inheritance and borrowing as the two main ways of transmission that shape the basic lexicon of languages.

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This book makes a theoretical contribution to research on the dynamics and processes of structural language contact and language change resulting from contact. It also provides insights into the syntax of Cimbrian, one of the oldest German-based dialects outside the German Sprachraum, and aims to provide a model for establishing a field of Germanist language contact research.

Linguistics.

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The volume brings together 14 works which aim to reflect on the problems of translation and interpretation from and into Iberian languages. It puts emphasis on normative aspects, translational strategies used in the determination of equivalents, the role of linguistic interferences and extralinguistic knowledge in translation and interpretation. The studies included in the monograph are based on both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Their results presented are divided into three thematic categories: (1) normativity, (2) equivalence, (3) quality. The book offers us a series of pointers to produce quality translations and interpretations and to improve the translational decision-making process. El volumen reúne 14 trabajos cuyo objetivo es reflexionar sobre la problemática de la traducción e interpretación de lenguas ibéricas. Se hace especial hincapié en los aspectos normativos, el papel de las interferencias lingüísticas y de los conocimientos extralingüísticos en la traducción e interpretación, además de los métodos y estrategias traslativas utilizadas en la determinación de equivalentes. Los estudios que integran este ejemplar se apoyan en los métodos de investigación tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos. Sus resultados se articulan conforme a tres categorías temáticas: (1) normatividad, (2) equivalencia y (3) calidad. El libro nos ofrece una serie de claves para producir traducciones e interpretaciones de calidad y agilizar el proceso de toma de decisiones translatorias.

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Cyril Loukaris (1570-1638), Orthodox patriarch of Alexandria and later of Constantinople, is a fascinating and controversial figure. In addition to being a religious authority, the patriarch proved to be a first-rate politician and diplomat, capable of weaving a vast network of relationships. An acute mediator between cultures, he was a prominent intellectual of his time. The volume, the first of its kind in Italy, collects contributions from scholars of different disciplines, which bring out the multiplicity of cultural and geopolitical plans and areas in which the "Protestant" patriarch Loukaris carried out his activity. For the variety of approaches and areas examined, the essays reflect the many-sided nature of this figure, of which an unpublished sermon and related documents from the Moscow State Archives are published.

Linguistics.