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For decades, T cells were thought to solely respond to protein-derived antigens. However, the discovery of the CD1 antigen presenting system shows how antigen presenting cells can display lipid antigens to T cells. Crystal structures show that CD1 proteins accomplish this function by inserting lipids into a hydrophobic groove on the distal surface of the protein, forming CD1-lipid complexes that act as ligands for T cell receptors. CD1-reactive T cells with conserved (NK T cells) or diverse T cell receptors possess cytokine secretion and other effector mechanisms that influence many aspects of immune response. There is increasing evidence that the CD1 system has been conserved throughout mammalian evolution and is capable of presenting structurally diverse diacyglycerol, sphingolipid, polyisoprenol and lipopeptide antigens. These features of CD1 antigen presentation systems now point to a new and expanded view of the natural function of ab T cells, which involves surveillance of both the protein and lipid components of target cells. Further, cellular systems that were previously considered to have functions in lipid metabolism can now be studied in context of their immunological functions. This volume provides a comprehensive discussion of these basic aspects of CD1 biology and summarizes the most recent research into the role of CD1 in infectious, autoimmune, allergic and neoplastic disease.

CD antigens. --- T cells --- Receptors. --- T cell receptors --- T lymphocyte antigen receptors --- Cell receptors --- Antigens, CD --- CD glycoproteins --- CD molecules --- CD receptors --- CD surface immunoglobulin ligands --- Differentiation antigens, Human leukocyte --- Human leukocyte differentiation antigens --- Leukocyte differentiation antigens, Human --- Cell surface antigens --- Fc receptors --- Glycoproteins --- Immunology. --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology

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Fas Signaling is focused on the signaling mechanisms and biology of the prototypic death receptor Fas, also called CD95 or APO-1. The chapters of this book cover, besides the well recognized apoptosis-related functions of Fas, its emerging role as a proinflammatory cytokine and as an inducer of alternative forms of cell death. Fas Signaling aims to provide the reader with an up-to-date survey of the various aspects of Fas biology and the open questions of the field are addressed. This title is intended for Ph.D and post-doctoral students starting to work in the field, but is also useful for everyone with an interest in the biology of this exciting molecule.

CD antigens. --- Cellular signal transduction. --- Cellular information transduction --- Information transduction, Cellular --- Signal transduction, Cellular --- Bioenergetics --- Cellular control mechanisms --- Information theory in biology --- Antigens, CD --- CD glycoproteins --- CD molecules --- CD receptors --- CD surface immunoglobulin ligands --- Differentiation antigens, Human leukocyte --- Human leukocyte differentiation antigens --- Leukocyte differentiation antigens, Human --- Cell surface antigens --- Fc receptors --- Glycoproteins --- Immunology. --- Medicine. --- Oncology  . --- Molecular Medicine. --- Oncology. --- Tumors --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Molecular biology. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology