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"At the beginning of the 1960s, Swedish researchers started a sociological study of all children born in Stockholm in 1953, Project Metropolitan. This book describes the project's at times dramatic history, where issues of personal integrity and the role of social sciences were heavily debated. These discussions were fueled by the rapid and far-reaching digitalization in society at large and also within social sciences. As such, Project Metropolitan came to symbolize the benefits and potential risks related to an expanding body of research based on large groups of individuals and multiple register data sources. At the outset, the project's founders sought to answer the following question: "Why do some get on better in life than others?" One of the main aims of the project was to study the long-term impact of conditions in childhood. The book therefore also includes an updated presentation of the main findings, as they have been conveyed in over 160 publications to date. These publications cover a wide array of topics and phenomena such as social mobility and education, substance abuse and crime, health and ill-health, peer influences and family relations, and adult lives of adopted children. Today Project Metropolitan is known as the "Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study (SBC Multigen)" and is still in full vigor. From its original group of 15,000 children, the study has become multi-generational by adding data about their parents, siblings, children, nieces and nephews. As they approach their late 60s, it will also be possible to follow these "children" into retirement and old-age. In the concluding chapter the author discusses some of the challenges contemporary social research is facing. What are the current threats to academic freedom and what opportunities do the unique data registers in countries like Sweden provide?".
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Much philosophical work on immigration is founded on an outdated conception of immigrants and the causes of migration. This is based on the model of the pre-World War II European migrant to North America escaping political tyranny, fleeing famine or hoping to claim 'unsettled' land. Higgins draws on empirical evidence to show that the world has changed, and reasons for migration have changed too. So we need to create new moral principles for deciding which immigrants should be admitted. Rather than suggesting one absolute solution, Higgins argues that a unique set of immigration policies will be just for each country. He concludes with concrete recommendations for policymaking.
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Noel Preston uses a range of case studies, questions, explanations, arguments and summaries to analyse the major issues of personal and public life. He deals with truth-telling, sexuality, euthanasia, global poverty, the environment, capital punishment, war, politics and business. He finishes with a chapter cultivating an Ethical Life.
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"We live in a diverse society characterized by different and to some extent contradictory values. Sometimes they create community. Other times they generate value conflicts. In this book, twelve Norwegian researchers write about such value conflicts and the way they occur in working life and the public sphere. Common to many of the contributions of this book is the attempt to highlight so-called value-based community of disagreement. This means that we agree to disagree. As a society, citizens can try to gather around some shared, fundamental values, but we cannot demand that all the members of the society agree on personal values.
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What reasons do we have to be moral, and are these reasons more compelling than the reasons we have to pursue non-moral projects? Ever since the Sophists first raised this question, it has been a focal point of debate. Why be Moral? is a collection of new essays on this fundamental philosophical problem, written by an international team of leading scholars in the field.
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