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DNA Replication

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This detailed book compiles a series of laboratory protocols covering the most important aspects of R-loop biology. Beginning with a range of methods allowing for the detection of DNA-RNA hybrids, as well as their purification and visualization by electron microscopy, the volume continues with methods based on the use of RNase H-derived tools to detect DNA-RNA hybrids in vitro and in vivo. Several protocols permit studying non-canonical RNA nucleotides in the R-loop context, as well as a number of specific protocols devoted to the investigation of R-loop topology and their functional roles in the biology of mitochondria and telomeres. Finally, a large block of chapters is dedicated to different methods allowing genome-wide mapping of DNA-RNA hybrids in various organisms. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, R-Loops: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal resource for those working on R-loop homeostasis but also to scientists studying such areas of molecular and cell biology as genome integrity, DNA replication and repair, chromatin remodeling, transcription, RNA processing, modification and export, as well as for researchers elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cancer and genetic diseases.

Biology—Technique. --- Genomics. --- Biomaterials. --- Nucleic acids. --- DNA damage. --- DNA repair. --- DNA replication. --- Genomic Analysis. --- Nucleic Acid. --- DNA Damage and Repair. --- DNA Replication. --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Molecular genetics --- Chromosomal DNA replication --- DNA --- Replication of DNA --- Deoxyribonucleic acid repair --- Repair, DNA --- Repair mechanisms in DNA --- Biochemical genetics --- Antimutagens --- Damage, DNA --- Mutation (Biology) --- Research --- Replication --- Synthesis

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Coronaviruses are the RNA viruses with the largest genome known to date (27 to 32 kb). Members of this virus family affect most domestic animal species, causing important socio-economical losses, and also infect humans. Human coronaviruses were known to cause the winter common cold, a mild infection without important pathological consequences except in immuno-compromised patients. Recently, two new human coronaviruses have emerged, one causing the Severe and Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) that infected more than 8000 individuals, leading to more than 800 deaths in 32 countries. This epidemic mobilized the World Health Organization, which launched travel restrictions to certain parts of the world for the first time in the last 50 years. The fact that coronaviruses, as many other viruses, crossed the species barrier to infect humans has posed a serious challenge to scientists involved in animal and human health. Control of coronavirus-induced diseases can only be the consequence of research on virus molecular biology and pathogenesis. This book contains information on virus genome structure, mechanism of replication and transcription, and the development of tools that make possible reverse genetic studies to understand virus-host interactions and the molecular basis of virus pathogenesis. The book also provides essential information for the development of classical and recombinant vaccines to control coronavirus infections.

Coronaviruses. --- Viral genetics. --- Virus genetics --- Viruses --- Microbial genetics --- Common cold viruses --- Coronaviridae --- Nidoviruses --- Genetics --- Medical virology. --- Virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Coronavirus --- Virus Replication. --- genetics. --- Replication, Virus --- Replications, Virus --- Virus Replications --- DNA Replication --- Viral Replication --- Replication, Viral --- Replications, Viral --- Viral Replications --- Viral Replication Compartments --- Microbiology

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Linear plasmids of microbes represent a heterogenous group of extrachromosomal genetic elements initially assumed to be rare and peculiar. However, we now know that they are fairly frequently occurring plasmids in bacterial and eukaryotic species. Viral strategies to avoid shortening of the linear molecules during replication imply a common ancestry. Linear plasmids may be beneficial, neutral or detrimental for the respective host; functions include production of protein toxins, specific catabolic capabilities, antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity factors, and senescence induction. Microbial Linear Plasmids constitutes the first attempt to comprehensively assemble current knowledge of different types of such elements, highlight recent developments in the field, and challenge the distinction between viruses and linear plasmids.

DNA replication. --- Plasmids --- Genetics. --- Microbial genetics. --- Microbial genomics. --- Biochemistry. --- Microbiology. --- Biotechnology. --- Virology. --- Cell biology. --- Microbial Genetics and Genomics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Microbiology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Genomics --- Microbial genetics --- Genetics --- Composition