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Between the 18th and 19th centuries adventurism became a staple part of the bourgeois ideology of material acquisition. The paper focuses on Gerasim Zelić's Žitije, signalling how it is filled with descriptions of the struggle to reach an important social position and obtain material gain. Nevertheless, Zelić cannot be compared with contemporary adventurers, as he combines the aspiration of the Enlightenment with a strong faith in the concept of predestination, on one side, and the struggle to obtain personal gain with a strong commitment towards the common good, on the other.

Ideology.

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This collection of essays is the result of the joint efforts of colleagues and students of the leading social anthropology and post-socialism theorist, Professor Chris Hann. With the thirtieth anniversary of the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 2019 as their catalyst, the authors reflect upon Chris Hann's lifelong fieldwork in the discipline, spanning regions as diverse as East Central Europe, Turkey, and the Chinese north-west. The collapse of the Berlin Wall naturally triggered a plethora of analysis and scholarly research. Sociocultural anthropology, with its focus on ethnographic study and on the gradual evolution of social relations, sharply contrasted with the emphasis on dramatic rupture brought about by the 1989 transition. Continuing in this tradition, this volume, through micro-level analysis of societal transformation from the post-war years to the present day, provides an alternative perspective to the neoliberalist views often encountered in the scholarship on political and economic modernisation. The more nuanced analysis of social transformations proposed here is a particularly useful tool in the investigation of contemporary issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee 'crisis', and the rise of right-wing populism in Eastern Europe and elsewhere. Anthropology of Transformation will be of interest to researchers in the fields of socio-cultural anthropology, religion and economics. Moreover, the book's discussion of issues widely discussed beyond the field of academia such as neoliberalism and the welfare state, and populist and exclusionary politics, will appeal to non-specialist readers.

Ethnology. --- Socialism. --- Ideology.

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This book reconstructs the factional-ideological conflicts surrounding socialist transformation and political reform in China that were played out through 'factional model-making', a norm-bound mechanism for elites of the Chinese Communist Party to contest the party line publicly. Dazhai, Anhui, Nanjie, Shekou, Shenzhen, Guangdong and Chongqing were cultivated into factional models by party elites before Xi Jinping came to power in 2012. Although factional model-making undermined party discipline, it often did not threaten regime security and even contributed to regime resilience through strengthening collective leadership and other means. This follows that the suppression of factional model-making under Xi might undermine longer-term regime resilience. However, Xi believes that regime security rests on his strongman rule, not any benefits that factional model-making may contribute. It is in this spirit that he grooms Zhejiang into a party model for his policy programme of common prosperity, which is designed to legitimize his vision of socialism.

HISTORY / Asia / China. --- Chinese Communist Party, factionalism, ideology, model, policymaking.

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Religions --- Ideology --- Religion and politics --- religion, ideologies, theology

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Acta Slavica Estonica is an international series of publications on current issues of Russian and other Slavic languages, literatures and cultures. This volume consists of two sections and includes articles by participants of two international scientific seminars: “Translation strategies and state control” (Tartu, December 8–10, 2016) and “Textbook as an ideological text” (Tartu, September 29–30, 2017). The focus of the book is on the relationship between government institutions and members of the translation community during the Soviet period; ideology and poetics of translations of works of art included in the Russian-Soviet literary canon; mechanisms of transmission of ideology in Russian imperial and Soviet school textbooks.

translation --- translators --- ideology --- state control --- Soviet Union --- cultural dynamics --- textbooks