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Wolfgang Schüssel was a dominating actor in the Austrian political arena over a period of twenty years. He served as minister of economics (1989-1995), and vice chancellor and foreign minister (1995-2000) in ÖVP/SPÖ grand coalition governments. As chairman of the ÖVP (1995-2007), he brought his conservative party out of the political wilderness of opposition and playing junior partner in coalitions with the SPÖ. He dominated Austrian politics as chancellor (2000-2007) in a small coalition with Jörg Haider’s controversial aggressively nationalist FPÖ. Schüssel tried to domesticate the Freedomites by holding them on a tight leash in his coalition government. He needed the FPÖ to accomplish his neoliberal economic and social reform agenda, while at the same time the FPÖ undermined Schüssel’s EU policies. The essays in this volume argue that Schüssel’s political record and legacy are ambiguous. With a confrontational style of governance he unleashed big reforms such as trimming the hidebound pension system and giving more autonomy to higher education. In the process he undermined Austria’s consensual social partnership. His record of supporting the European Union agenda is ambivalent. Austrian public opinion in support of the EU declined precipitously. He was a superb tactician and negotiator yet failed to achieve broad popular acceptance for his ambitious reforms. His imprint on Austrian history is so significant that many of the authors of the essays in this volume call it “the Schüssel era.” Der von Günter Bischof und Fritz Plasser herausgegebene Band der Reihe Contemporary Austrian Studies beschäftigt sich mit Wolfgang Schüssel, der über 20 Jahre die österreichische Politik mitgestaltete. Schüssel galt einerseits als herausragender Taktierer und Verhandler, setzte andererseits umstrittene Reformen und manövrierte mit seiner Mitte-Rechts-Regierung Österreich ins politische Abseits. Wenngleich es ihm nicht gelungen ist, alle seine Vorhaben durchzusetzen, ist "die Schüssel Ära" in die Geschichte Österreichs eingegangen.
Prime ministers --- Politicians --- Chancellors (Prime ministers) --- Chief ministers (Prime ministers) --- First ministers (Prime ministers) --- Premiers (Prime ministers) --- Cabinet officers --- Heads of state --- Schüssel, Wolfgang. --- Schüssel, Wolfgang --- Political and social views. --- Influence. --- Österreichische Volkspartei --- ÖVP --- OeVP --- Oesterr. Volkspartei --- Austria --- Politics and government --- ÖVP (Political party) --- OeVP (Political party) --- Austrian People's Party --- Neue Volkspartei (Austria)
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Politicians --- Prime ministers --- Statesmen --- Page, Earle, --- Australia --- Politics and government --- Social conditions. --- Economic conditions.
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Nguyen examines mortgage fraud as an inherent part of the subprime mortgage crisis. He traces the exponential growth of mortgage fraud to the loose underwriting standards, alternative loan products, and inadequate regulation and regulatory oversight of the subprime mortgage industry. He describes the various financial crimes constituting mortgage origination fraud, a form of fraud involving fraud for profit, fraud for property, and predatory lending. The accounts of mortgage frauds by industry insiders presented in this book provide a chilling view of the criminal implications of an unregulate
Subprime mortgage loans --- Mortgage loans --- Fraud --- Home loans --- Mortgage lending --- Real estate loans --- Loans --- Secondary mortgage market --- B-paper mortgage loans --- Near-prime mortgage loans --- Non-prime mortgage loans --- Nonprime mortgage loans --- Second chance mortgage loans --- Sub-prime mortgage loans --- Corrupt practices --- E-books
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The electricity generation and supply industry is undergoing rapid changes in the 1990s. As demands for economic power continue to increase, governments throughout Europe are contemplating a reformation of electricity policy for the 21st century. This book discusses the current state of the European electricity generation and supply industry and the options for improvement in the future. Written by renowned experts in the field of energy policy and economics, the book includes detailed case studies of national electricity regulation from around Europe, and a timely overview of European U
621.311.2 <4> --- Electric utilities --- -Electric utilities --- -Electric companies --- Electric light and power industry --- Electric power industry --- Electric industries --- Energy industries --- Public utilities --- Power stations according to type of prime mover--Europa --- Government policy --- -Law and legislation --- -621.311.2 <4> --- -Power stations according to type of prime mover--Europa --- 621.311.2 <4> Power stations according to type of prime mover--Europa --- Electric companies --- Law and legislation --- Capitalisme --- Électricité --- Entreprises publiques --- Libre-échange --- Europe occidentale --- Monopole --- Regulation
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Subprime lending and mortgage fraud spread rapidly throughout the United States financial services sector during the 1990's and early 2000's, and in turn have been credited with contributing to an unprecedented global financial crisis. Koller, using diffusion theory as an interpretive framework, utilizes industry insider insights to examine how and why these innovative lending and fraud strategies diffused so quickly and deeply throughout the housing industry. She also assesses the viability of contemporary criminological and diffusion theories to explain the creation and control of white collar
Housing -- United States. --- Mortgage loans -- Corrupt practices -- United States. --- Subprime mortgage loans -- Corrupt practices -- United States. --- White collar crimes -- United States. --- Mortgage loans --- Subprime mortgage loans --- Housing --- White collar crimes --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Banking --- Corrupt practices --- B-paper mortgage loans --- Near-prime mortgage loans --- Non-prime mortgage loans --- Nonprime mortgage loans --- Second chance mortgage loans --- Sub-prime mortgage loans --- Home loans --- Mortgage lending --- Real estate loans --- Loans --- Secondary mortgage market --- E-books
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Teaching Mathematics is nothing less than a mathematical manifesto. Arising in response to a limited National Curriculum, and engaged with secondary schooling for those aged 11 ̶ 14 (Key Stage 3) in particular, this handbook for teachers will help them broaden and enrich their students’ mathematical education. It avoids specifying how to teach, and focuses instead on the central principles and concepts that need to be borne in mind by all teachers and textbook authors—but which are little appreciated in the UK at present. This study is aimed at anyone who would like to think more deeply about the discipline of ‘elementary mathematics’, in England and Wales and anywhere else. By analysing and supplementing the current curriculum, Teaching Mathematics provides food for thought for all those involved in school mathematics, whether as aspiring teachers or as experienced professionals. It challenges us all to reflect upon what it is that makes secondary school mathematics educationally, culturally, and socially important.
Mathematics --- Study and teaching (Secondary) --- key stage 3 --- mathematics --- teaching --- secondary education --- principles and concepts --- secondary school --- Arithmetic --- Fraction (mathematics) --- Geometry --- Integer --- Line (geometry) --- Prime number --- Rectangle
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RiemannÆs zeta function
Number theory. --- Functions, Zeta. --- Zeta functions --- Number study --- Numbers, Theory of --- Algebra --- Functions, Zeta --- Number theory --- 511 --- 511 Number theory --- 511.3 --- 511.3 Analytical, additive and other number-theory problems. Diophantine approximations --- Analytical, additive and other number-theory problems. Diophantine approximations --- Numbers, Prime --- Nombres premiers --- Number Theory --- Numbers, Prime. --- Fonctions zêta --- Riemann, B. --- Fourier analysis --- Numerical analysis --- Fonctions speciales --- Fonctions zeta
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We develop a methodology to study how the subprime crisis spills over to the real economy. Does it manifest itself primarily through reducing consumer demand or through tightening liquidity constraint on non-financial firms? Since most non-financial firms have much larger cash holding than before, they appear unlikely to face significant liquidity constraint. We propose a methodology to estimate these two channels of spillovers. We first propose an index of a firm's sensitivity to consumer demand, based on its response to the 9/11 shock in 2001. We then construct a separate firm-level index on financial constraint based on Whited and Wu (2006). We find that both channels are at work, but a tightened liquidity squeeze is economically more important than a reduced consumer spending in explaining cross firm differences in stock price declines.
Financial crises --- Liquidity (Economics) --- Subprime mortgage loans --- Economic aspects. --- Economic aspects --- B-paper mortgage loans --- Near-prime mortgage loans --- Non-prime mortgage loans --- Nonprime mortgage loans --- Second chance mortgage loans --- Sub-prime mortgage loans --- Assets, Frozen --- Frozen assets --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Mortgage loans --- Finance --- Crises --- Finance: General --- Investments: Stocks --- Macroeconomics --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Portfolio Choice --- Investment Decisions --- Commodity Markets --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Investment & securities --- Asset prices --- Liquidity --- Commodity prices --- Stocks --- Liquidity indicators --- Prices --- Economics --- United States
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We examine the linkages between market and funding liquidity pressures, as well as their interaction with solvency issues surrounding key financial institutions during the 2007 subprime crisis. A multivariate GARCH model is estimated in order to test for the transmission of liquidity shocks across U.S. financial markets. It is found that the interaction between market and funding illiquidity increases sharply during the recent period of financial turbulence, and that bank solvency becomes important.
Liquidity (Economics) --- Subprime mortgage loans --- Credit --- Financial crises --- Econometric models. --- Borrowing --- B-paper mortgage loans --- Near-prime mortgage loans --- Non-prime mortgage loans --- Nonprime mortgage loans --- Second chance mortgage loans --- Sub-prime mortgage loans --- Assets, Frozen --- Frozen assets --- Finance --- Money --- Loans --- Mortgage loans --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Financial Risk Management --- Portfolio Choice --- Investment Decisions --- Financing Policy --- Financial Risk and Risk Management --- Capital and Ownership Structure --- Value of Firms --- Goodwill --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Financial Crises --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial services law & regulation --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Banking --- Liquidity --- Liquidity risk --- Stock markets --- Economics --- Financial risk management --- Stock exchanges --- Banks and banking --- United States
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