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Since the early 1990s hundreds of thousands of Tamil villagers in southern India have participated in literacy lessons, science demonstrations, and other events designed to transform them into active citizens with access to state power. These efforts to spread enlightenment among the oppressed are part of a movement known as the Arivoli Iyakkam (the Enlightenment Movement), considered to be among the most successful mass literacy movements in recent history. In The Light of Knowledge, Francis Cody’s ethnography of the Arivoli Iyakkam highlights the paradoxes inherent in such movements that seek to emancipate people through literacy when literacy is a power-laden social practice in its own right.The Light of Knowledge is set primarily in the rural district of Pudukkottai in Tamil Nadu, and it is about activism among laboring women from marginalized castes who have been particularly active as learners and volunteers in the movement. In their endeavors to remake the Tamil countryside through literacy activism, workers in the movement found that their own understanding of the politics of writing and Enlightenment was often transformed as they encountered vastly different notions of language and imaginations of social order. Indeed, while activists of the movement successfully mobilized large numbers of rural women, they did so through logics that often pushed against the very Enlightenment rationality they hoped to foster. Offering a rare behind-the-scenes look at an increasingly important area of social and political activism, The Light of Knowledge brings tools of linguistic anthropology to engage with critical social theories of the postcolonial state.

Literacy programs --- Literacy campaigns --- National literacy campaigns --- National literacy programs --- Reading programs (Literacy) --- Arivoḷi (Organization : Tamil Nadu, India) --- Arivoli Iyakkam (Tamil Nadu, India) --- Tamil Nadu (India) --- Literacy --- #SBIB:39A5 --- #SBIB:39A75 --- #SBIB:309H518 --- Illiteracy --- Political aspects --- Kunst, habitat, materiële cultuur en ontspanning --- Etnografie: Azië --- Verbale communicatie: sociologie, antropologie, sociolinguistiek --- Rural conditions. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Anthropology / Cultural --- Arivoḷi (Organization : Tamil Nadu, India) --- Tamilnad (India) --- Tamishagam (India) --- Tamizhagam (India : State) --- Tamil Nadu --- Tamilnadu (India) --- Tamilanāḍu (India) --- Thamilnadu (India) --- Madras (India : State) --- Education --- General education --- Government policy --- Social Sciences --- Education, Special Topics

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"Based on over a decade of ethnographic fieldwork in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, Onscreen/Offscreen is an exploration of the politics and being of filmic images. The book examines contestations inside and outside the Tamil film industry over the question “what is an image?” Answers to this question may be found in the ontological politics that take place on film sets, in theatre halls, and in the social fabric of everyday life in South India, from populist electoral politics and the gendering of social space to caste uplift and domination. Bridging and synthesizing linguistic anthropology, film studies, visual studies, and media anthropology, Onscreen/Offscreen rethinks key issues across a number of fields concerned with the semiotic constitution of social life, from the performativity and ontology of images to questions of spectatorship, realism, and presence. In doing so, it offers both a challenge to any approach that would separate image from social context and a new vision for linguistic anthropology beyond the question of “language.”"--

Motion picture industry --- Motion pictures and language --- Motion pictures --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social. --- Political aspects --- Semiotics --- Social aspects --- Linguistics. --- South Asia film. --- Tamil Nadu. --- Tamil. --- anthropology. --- caste in Indian film. --- cinema. --- gender in Indian film. --- image. --- ontological. --- ontology. --- performativity. --- politicsIndian film. --- semiotics. --- Cinema --- Feature films --- Films --- Movies --- Moving-pictures --- Audio-visual materials --- Mass media --- Performing arts --- Language and motion pictures --- Language and languages --- Film industry (Motion pictures) --- Moving-picture industry --- Cultural industries --- History and criticism --- India

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""Will be of interest to those working on conflict and peace studies, economic development, cultural studies, and women in the modern world. A key new publication."" -- Chandra R. de Silva, Old Dominion University""... offers a superb overview of how a civil war, driven by ethnicity, can engender a new culture and a new political economy... Highly recommended."" -- Choice Economy, Culture, and Civil War in Sri Lanka provides a lucid and up-to-date interpretation of Sri Lankan

War - Economic aspects - Sri Lanka. --- War --- War and society --- Ethnic conflict --- Tamil (Indic people) --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Economic aspects --- Society and war --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- Social aspects --- Sociology --- Civilians in war --- Sociology, Military --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Peace --- Sri Lanka --- Ethnic relations. --- History

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A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org.The Emergence of Modern Hinduism argues for the importance of regional, vernacular innovation in processes of Hindu modernization. Scholars usually trace the emergence of modern Hinduism to cosmopolitan reform movements, producing accounts that overemphasize the centrality of elite religion and the influence of Western ideas and models. In this study, the author considers religious change on the margins of colonialism by looking at an important local figure, the Tamil Shaiva poet and mystic Ramalinga Swami (1823-1874). Weiss narrates a history of Hindu modernization that demonstrates the transformative role of Hindu ideas, models, and institutions, making this text essential for scholarly audiences of South Asian history, religious studies, Hindu studies, and South Asian studies.

History --- Asian history --- Religion: general --- Hinduism --- Ramalinga, Swami, --- Influence. --- Religions --- Brahmanism --- centrality of elite religion. --- cosmopolitan reform movements. --- hindu modernization. --- hindu studies. --- hinduism. --- history of hindu modernization. --- important local figure. --- influence of western ideas and models. --- margin of colonialism. --- ramalinga swami. --- religious change. --- religious studies. --- south asian history. --- south asian studies. --- tamil shaiva poet and mystic.

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One of the first ethnographic studies to explore use of social media in the everyday lives of people in Tamil Nadu, Social Media in South India provides an understanding of this subject in a region experiencing rapid transformation. The influx of IT companies over the past decade into what was once a space dominated by agriculture has resulted in a complex juxtaposition between an evolving knowledge economy and the traditions of rural life. While certain class tensions have emerged in response to this juxtaposition, a study of social media in the region suggests that similarities have also transpired, observed most clearly in the blurring of boundaries between work and life for both the old residents and the new. Venkatraman explores the impact of social media at home, work and school, and analyses the influence of class, caste, age and gender on how, and which, social media platforms are used in different contexts. These factors, he argues, have a significant effect on social media use, suggesting that social media in South India, while seeming to induce societal change, actually remains bound by local traditions and practices.

Social media --- Online social networks --- Internet --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- Electronic social networks --- Social networking Web sites --- Virtual communities --- Social networks --- Sociotechnical systems --- Web sites --- User-generated media --- Communication --- User-generated content --- Social aspects --- Tamil Nadu (India) --- Social life and customs. --- Social media. --- #SBIB:39A8 --- #SBIB:39A75 --- #SBIB:309H103 --- #SBIB:309H1713 --- Antropologie: linguïstiek, audiovisuele cultuur, antropologie van media en representatie --- Etnografie: Azië --- Mediatechnologie / ICT / digitale media: sociale en culturele aspecten --- Mediatechnologie: nieuwe toepassingen (abonnee-televisie, electronic mail, desk top publishing, virtuele realiteit...) --- Communities, Online (Online social networks) --- Communities, Virtual (Online social networks) --- Online communities (Online social networks) --- Anthropology