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In this book, Michael W. Kramer applies uncertainty reduction theory (URT)--a key theory in current communication scholarship--to the context of organizational communication. Examining URT and the range of research applicable to organizational settings, Kramer proposes a groundbreaking theory of managing uncertainty (TMU), which synthesizes prior research while also addressing its criticisms. Examples are provided to illustrate the principles of the TMU at both the individual and collective (group/organizational) levels of analysis. Original studies based on the theory show that it provides a
Communication in organizations. --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Organizational communication --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- Organization
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Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems is intended for system specialists interested in dynamic systems that operate at different time scales. The book discusses several types of errors and their propagation, covering numerical methods--including convergence and consistence properties and characteristics--and proving of related theorems within the setting of soft computing. Several types of uncertainty representation like interval, fuzzy, type 2 fuzzy, granular, and combined uncertain sets are discussed in detail. The book can be used by engineering students in control and finite element fields, as well as all engineering, applied mathematics, economics, and computer science students. One of the important topics in applied science is dynamic systems and their applications. The authors develop these models and deliver solutions with the aid of numerical methods. Since they are inherently uncertain, soft computations are of high relevance here. This is the reason behind investigating soft numerical computing in dynamic systems. If these systems are involved with complex-uncertain data, they will be more practical and important. Real-life problems work with this type of data and most of them cannot be solved exactly and easily--sometimes they are impossible to solve. Clearly, all the numerical methods need to consider error of approximation. Other important applied topics involving uncertain dynamic systems include image processing and pattern recognition, which can benefit from uncertain dynamic systems as well. In fact, the main objective is to determine the coefficients of a matrix that acts as the frame in the image. One of the effective methods exhibiting high accuracy is to use finite differences to fill the cells of the matrix. Explores dynamic models, how time is fundamental to the structure of the model and data, and how a process unfolds Investigates the dynamic relationships between multiple components of a system in modeling using mathematical models and the concept of stability in uncertain environments Exposes readers to many soft numerical methods to simulate the solution function's behavior.
Soft computing. --- Cognitive computing --- Electronic data processing --- Computational intelligence --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers
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This book deals with the impact of uncertainty in input data on the outputs of mathematical models. Uncertain inputs as scalars, tensors, functions, or domain boundaries are considered. In practical terms, material parameters or constitutive laws, for instance, are uncertain, and quantities as local temperature, local mechanical stress, or local displacement are monitored. The goal of the worst scenario method is to extremize the quantity over the set of uncertain input data.A general mathematical scheme of the worst scenario method, including approximation by finite element methods, i
Error analysis (Mathematics) --- Mathematical models --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- Models, Mathematical --- Simulation methods --- Errors, Theory of --- Instrumental variables (Statistics) --- Mathematical statistics --- Numerical analysis --- Statistics --- Mathematical models.
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Markov decision processes have become the de facto standard in modeling and solving sequential decision making problems under uncertainty. This book studies lifting Markov decision processes, reinforcement learning and dynamic programming to the first-order (or, relational) setting.
Decision making --- Sequential analysis. --- Adaptive control systems. --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Computer algorithms. --- Algorithms --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- Self-adaptive control systems --- Artificial intelligence --- Feedback control systems --- Self-organizing systems --- Mathematical statistics --- Statistical decision --- Mathematical models. --- Sequential analysis --- Adaptive control systems --- Computer algorithms --- Mathematical models --- E-books
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How to deal with uncertainty is a subject of much controversy in Artificial Intelligence. This volume brings together a wide range of perspectives on uncertainty, many of the contributors being the principal proponents in the controversy.
Some of the notable issues which emerge from these papers revolve around an interval-based calculus of uncertainty, the Dempster-Shafer Theory, and probability as the best numeric model for uncertainty. There remain strong dissenting opinions not only about probability but even about the utility of any numeric method in this context.
Artificial intelligence. --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Artificial intelligence
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"Dimensions of Uncertainty in Communication Engineering is a comprehensive and self-contained introduction to the problems of nonaleatory uncertainty and the mathematical tools needed to solve them. The book gathers together tools derived from statistics, information theory, moment theory, interval analysis and probability boxes, dependence bounds, nonadditive measures, and Dempster–Shafer theory. While the book is mainly devoted to communication engineering, the techniques described are also of interest to other application areas, and commonalities to these are often alluded to through a number of references to books and research papers. This is an ideal supplementary book for courses in wireless communications, providing techniques for addressing epistemic uncertainty, as well as an important resource for researchers and industry engineers. Students and researchers in other fields such as statistics, financial mathematics, and transport theory will gain an overview and understanding on these methods relevant to their field. Key Features: Uniquely brings together a variety of tools derived from statistics, information theory, moment theory, interval analysis and probability boxes, dependence bounds, nonadditive measures, and Dempster—Shafer theory. Focuses on the essentials of various, wide-ranging methods with references to journal articles where more detail can be found if required. Includes MIMO-related results throughout."--Provided by publisher.
Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Telecommunication. --- Electrical engineering. --- Computer engineering. --- Computers --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Telecommunications --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Design and construction --- Uncertainty (Information theory).
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This volume, like its predecessors, reflects the cutting edge of research on the automation of reasoning under uncertainty.A more pragmatic emphasis is evident, for although some papers address fundamental issues, the majority address practical issues. Topics include the relations between alternative formalisms (including possibilistic reasoning), Dempster-Shafer belief functions, non-monotonic reasoning, Bayesian and decision theoretic schemes, and new inference techniques for belief nets. New techniques are applied to important problems in medicine, vision, robotics, and natural language und
Artificial intelligence. --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Reasoning. --- Intelligence artificielle --- Incertitude (Théorie de l'information) --- Raisonnement --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers
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This volume contains an extensive survey and critical examination of current views on the use of expert opinion in scientific inquiry and policy-making.
Philosophy of science --- Besluitvorming --- Besluitvormingsanalyse --- Besluitvormingsprocessen --- Deciding --- Decision analysis --- Decision making --- Decision processes --- Decision-making --- Décision [Prise de ] --- Décision [Théorie de la ] --- Indetermination (Theorie de l'information) --- Making decisions --- Management decisions --- Management--Beslissingen --- Management--Besluitvorming --- Management--Decision making --- Onzekerheid (Informatietheorie) --- Prise de décision --- Probabiliteit--Theorie --- Probabiliteitstheorie --- Probabilities --- Probabilité [Théorie de la ] --- Probabilités --- Théorie de la décision --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Waarschijnlijkheid--Theorie --- Waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- Science --- Sciences --- Incertitude (Théorie de l'information) --- Methodology --- Philosophy --- Méthodologie --- Philosophie --- Decision making. --- Decision-making. --- Probabilities. --- Science. --- Science - Philosophy. --- Uncertainty (Information theory). --- Sciences - General --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- -Science --- -Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Decision (Psychology) --- Management --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Questions and answers --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Methodology. --- Philosophy. --- Prise de décision --- Probabilités --- Incertitude (Théorie de l'information) --- Méthodologie --- Scientific method --- Normal science --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Science - Methodology.
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This second volume is arranged in four sections: Analysis contains papers which compare the attributes of various approaches to uncertainty. Tools provides sufficient information for the reader to implement uncertainty calculations. Papers in the Theory section explain various approaches to uncertainty. The Applications section describes the difficulties involved in, and the results produced by, incorporating uncertainty into actual systems.
681.3*E4 --- 681.3*I23 --- Coding and information theory: data compaction and compression; formal modelsof communication; nonsecret encoding schemes--See also {681.3*H11} --- Deduction and theorem proving: answer/reason extraction; reasoning; resolution; metatheory; mathematical induction; logic programming (Artificial intelligence) --- 681.3*I23 Deduction and theorem proving: answer/reason extraction; reasoning; resolution; metatheory; mathematical induction; logic programming (Artificial intelligence) --- 681.3*E4 Coding and information theory: data compaction and compression; formal modelsof communication; nonsecret encoding schemes--See also {681.3*H11} --- Artificial intelligence. --- Problem solving. --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Measure of uncertainty (Information theory) --- Shannon's measure of uncertainty --- System uncertainty --- Information measurement --- Probabilities --- Questions and answers --- Methodology --- Psychology --- Decision making --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Artificial intelligence --- Knowledge Representation --- Uncertainty
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